Ukuqinisekisa izimo yokusebenza ephephile emsebenzini. Indawo ephephile ukusebenza - lena ...

Noma yimuphi umsebenzi isidalwa esingumuntu, ngisho ewusizo kakhulu, kungaba umthombo nemiphumela emibi. Umonakalo owenziwe ke, kungenzeka sakhiwe e ukulimala, izifo (e m. Ihor. Nge ukukhubazeka) kanye ngisho ukubulala. Ubuhlungu yena indoda can futhi ngamaholide, ezokungcebeleka kanye nezemfundo kokuthola, futhi ikakhulukazi inqubo zabasebenzi.

Okungukuthi, noma yimuphi, ngaphandle kokukhetha, ikusebenzele futhi uyingozi kokuphakelwa impilo. Lesi sitatimende kuyinto Axiom esitholakala umbuzo ukulondeka kwabantu. Yiziphi iziphetho ulandele kulokhu? Chief phakathi kwabo: nokugcinwa eliphelele izimo zokusebenza endaweni ephephile emsebenzini - i ekahle lungafinyeleleki. Ikakhulukazi, akukho uthembeke ngokuphelele kulesi sici, izinqubo umsebenzi noma izinhlobo imishini yokukhiqiza.

izimo zokusebenza eziphephile - konke lokhu uyinganekwane yini noma cha?

ukuphendula umbuzo Okokuqala - yini ingozi? Leli gama lisho nesigcino zonke izenzakalo, izici, izinqubo kanye izinto kungathinta impilo yabantu ukuphila omubi. Kukhona inhlangano enjalo - ILO (International Labour Organisation). Ngokusho kwakhe, njalo ngonyaka kuleli zwe lethu ekukhiqizeni yokusebenza sifela imali abantu abangaba yizigidi ezimbili.

Faka kusigaba izinto futhi uyingozi zokukhiqiza zingase zishintshe. Ezweni lethu kuyisiko ukukhomba kubo, esiqinisekisa izindawo umsebenzi ku izimo zokusebenza. Kuthiwa ithonya lazo emzimbeni ahlukane, ngokuvumelana GOST elihambisana ngu ezicini eziningana:

• ngokomzimba;
• chemical;
• begazi;
• psychophysiological.

Lokho yindawo yokusebenza ephephile - yilezo lapho azikho noma zincishiswe izenzo wonke amaqembu ngenhla.

Yini kahle hle sisongelwa

Esokuqala kulezi (ngokomzimba) zihlanganisa konke okuhamba:

• kwemishini;
• izingxenye izitshalo imishini;
• izinto zokusetshenziswa;
• workpiece;
• izinto, okuyinto Ungahambisa e senqubo yokukhiqiza ukusebenza;
• design, ikhono ukubhubhisa noma igoqe rocks edalulwa.

Lokhu kungenziwa zibalwa futhi emoyeni isikhala zokusebenza nge high igesi ukungcoliswa noma uthuli, futhi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu noma eliphansi izinto kanye nomsebenzi evele, kanye emoyeni asanele noma kakhulu eliwu endaweni yokusebenza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlu izici ezingokomzimba kuhlanganisiwe eliphezulu kakhulu noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinga eliphansi izibalo vibration, umsindo, ultra- futhi infrasound, barometric ingcindezi, umswakama, ionization, futhi isibalo esikhulu ngokweqile of voltage ezifundeni kagesi nemisebe ionizing.

Futhi yini okunye kubi?

Kuyefana nasendleleni amazinga zikagesi anda ngezikhwepha emikhakheni ehlukahlukene - kazibuthe kanye kagesi - yokuntula ukukhanya yemvelo, noma ukungabi wako. Lokhu isici kungaba ukukhanya namandla kakhulu yokukhanya noma yezwakala, nika umehluko encishisiwe, ngokweqile eliphakeme lemisebe (seso futhi ultraviolet), kanye ngokweqile blestkost m. P.

Izingozi ezibhekwa imiphetho ebukhali, burrs futhi izinhlobo maholoholo etholakalayo Laphezu imishini, amathuluzi, umsebenzi izikhala, kanye nokukhishwa endaweni yomsebenzi ukuze ukuphakama eside ngaphezu komhlabathi.

Hhayi Mechanics kuphela

Elinye iqembu - izici eziyingozi amakhemikhali futhi eziyingozi - yilezo izinto zazo kahle abathintekayo nawe nganoma umzimba wethu. mphumela kungaba anobuthi, kuyacasula, niqaphelisa, mutagenic noma umdlavuza futhi kucindezela umsebenzi zokuzala. Ukungena emzimbeni, abangakwenza ngezindlela eziningi - ngokusebenzisa nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, isikhumba, umgudu wokuphefumula noma nge ipheshana wokugaya ukudla.

Ngaphansi begazi "ingozi" libhekisela kokubili uhlobo nezilwanyana ezincane pathogenic (amagciwane, isikhunta, lenyama, nokunye. P.), Kanye imikhiqizo izimpilo zabo siqu futhi vumelekile eziphilayo, it has zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane.

izici Psychophysiological zenzeka ngendlela ukuminyana engokoqobo (kungaba emile noma okuguqukayo) kanye Neuro-kwengqondo ukwakheka (wezwakalisa njengoba kungase kuqubule ngokwengqondo, ngokomzwelo "zingaphazamisi" noma monotony evamile yomsebenzi).

It uhlala ukuze ungeze ukuthi yindawo yokusebenza ephephile - yilezo lapho izimo ezifanayo bayakhishwa kusukela subgroups ezahlukene.

Ikhwalithi kanye nobungako

izici quantitative yomthelela we isici entweni kuyinto amathuba ayo kanye nobungako umonakalo odalwe kubo. ukuhlolwa quantitative kuhlanganisa nomqondo eyamukelekayo amagugu engozini, njengoba incazelo nokuvikeleka yokutholwa namazinga kazwelonke, kusho akukho izingozi amukelwe.

Futhi sikhuluma labo okuhlotshaniswa abangela umonakalo ekuphileni noma impilo zabantu, impahla noma yimuphi umuntu (kokubili okungokomzimba zomthetho, kamasipala kanye nesimo), kanye imvelo.

izimo zokusebenza Safe - Definition

Ngakho, ngaphansi nokuvikeleka umsebenzi ezimbonini iyisimo wonke umshikashika icubungula eyodwa lapho ingozi engamukeleki lokulimala zonke izici ezingenhla engekho noma omncane.

Igama elithi "izimo zokusebenza ephephile" kusho ngokunembile imigomo enjalo ukuchayeka of abasebenzi nezici eziyingozi ezilimazayo zokukhiqiza noma iqedwe ngaphansi kwazo ngokuphelele, noma has a level esingeqile omisiwe sebhithi ejwayelekile.

Kanjani thola akazange aphume ezingeni nengozi?

Ukuze ubone ukuthi mibandela kunesidingo esibanzi ukuhlolela ubungozi. Njengoba ulwazi kulolu cwaningo kusetshenziswe idatha lwezibalo ubunjalo kanye nokuvama zokubonisa izingozi kanye nemiphumela (izifo, ukulimala) e zokusebenza ezahlukene, ukukhiqizwa amayunithi, nokunye. D. Ngaphandle kwalokho, acabangele namazinga Occupational Ukuphepha Health, eyamukelwa ezingeni wombuso.

Ngayinye yomsebenzi wezomnotho izimo zokusebenza ephephile - labo ezihambisana ngokusemthethweni ukuthuthukisa izinkomba yokulimala, kubhekwa eyisisekelo.

ukubala kanjani idatha ku umkhuba? Kwakucatshangwa esiseduzane ukuze izinombolo langempela kokulimala kufanele ulinganise the imvamisa isihlobo yokulimala. Le nombolo etholwe efingqa amanani azo zonke lezi zimo, isikhathi esithile ukusebenza. isikhathi esinjalo mhlawumbe kube unyaka noma predetermined shicilelo amahora wokusebenza. Okwemicimbi kabani imvamisa kuba iyivelakancane isikhathi kulula kuthathe isikhathi eside - ngokwesibonelo, ilingana yeshumi.

Ukunikeza indawo ephephile ukusebenza - ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani

Ezweni lethu, kukhona nomqondo isici kobukhulu kanye nokuvama izingozi. Yiqiniso, ukukhiqizwa ngamunye eziqondile izimo ayo nemibandela zomsebenzi. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuqinisekisa izimo yokusebenza ephephile emsebenzini - ngempela inqubo ejwayelekile.

Ingqikithi ke - ekuhlonzeni izici eziyingozi ezilimazayo zokukhiqiza, ukuhlaziywa ubungozi nokuphatha lakamuva. Ngakho, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isici esibaluleke kunazo ukukhiqizwa, njengoba ukuphepha, libhekisela izinkinga lokubalulekile nzima kakhulu lobuchwepheshe, ezesayensi kanye yenhlangano kuhlanganisiwe njengengxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi yokuvikela zabasebenzi.