Inkolo esemthethweni e-Turkey

inkolo eTurkey main - Islam. AmaSulumane bazibheka njengabangaphansi engaphezu kuka-90% yesizwe sonkana. On endaweni state amathempeli angaba yizinkulungwane 80, ukuba khona njalo lapho zenzisa-Turks bakholelwa ukuthi umsebenzi wabo engcwele. Emigwaqweni kaningi ungakwazi ukuhlangana nabantu begqoke izingubo, lapho ungakwazi kalula ukwahlulela leyo mikhaya ikuyiphi inkolo.

Nokho, ayikho into enjalo ngokuthi 'inkolo esemthethweni Turkey "ngo-1928 ayikho. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, umgomo wombuso isehlane ethonyeni Islam, umthetho wezwe awusekelwe zezinkolelo zenkolo futhi unikeza inkululeko engokwenkolo.

Umlando Omfushane Islam

Islam umsuka phakathi Arabhu owayehlala Arabia ngonyaka 610. Kukholakala ukuthi lapho ingelosi uGabriyeli ifika the Prophet Muhammad nge ovela kuNkulunkulu. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ukuphila lo muntu kwakungu ngokuphelele ezinikele yokwanda vulamehlo wathola Allah.

Nakuba Muhammad ukuthi unesiphiwo lokukholisa, kwababusi abalandeli bakhe wakhula ngokushesha. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, nedlanzana ezimbalwa kubaJuda abase bekholiwe ngomsunguli waphezulu wakhuluma isiprofetho kubo, ngekubambisana nathishela washiya umuzi wase eMecca. Isizathu salokhu kwaba yobutha labo anikwamukelanga Islam.

Adluliselwe Medina, iqembu labo abanamathela izimfundiso Mohammed yaphenduka yomphakathi omkhulu zenkolo edolobheni. Ukuhlala ke amaqaba, Kholwa Juda esanda kubalwa amaSulumane ningabeki isikhubekiso phambi isinqumo esinzima: ukuguqulwa Islam noma ukufa.

Ngu kwaba sekupheleni kokuphila Muhammad wathatha inkolo entsha, uthi abaningi yeNhlonhlo Arabhiya. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, uMphrofethi wathi labo ungafisi ukuba abe Muslim, okufanele aphoqwe ukuba enze kanjalo. Ngenxa yalokho we olunegazi "ukuyaluza" Islam yinkolo oyinhloko zonke amazwe yale nhlonhlo, futhi bese sasakazekela imingcele yayo.

Okufanele ukwazi mayelana Islam?

On lokho ivelele inkolo ezivamile e-Turkey, ungakhuluma eziningi. Into esemqoka udinga ukwazi ngakho - ke 'wezinsika' emihlanu esemqoka ukholo. Lokho bawuhloniphe ihlukanisa amaSulumane kweqiniso.

1. Ukukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa (Allah) nezingelosi zakhe kanye nokubhekelelwa Muhammad zokugcina unikezwe ngabaprofethi bakhe.
2. Daily ukuhambisana umthandazo - emkhubeni ehlanganisa amazwi kusuka ngobunyoninco imithandazo eshiwo ngekhanda ezikhundleni ezithile, eyenziwa kahlanu ngelanga ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe.
3. A intela ekhokhwa izidingo zabampofu.
4. Ukuzila Ukudla engcwele nenyanga ka-Ramadan.
5. Pilgrimage naseMecca.

Unofficial insika wesithupha Islam ubhekwa isimiso umzabalazo wokulwa infidels.

Enqabelo Islam

AmaSulumane unothile Turkey hhayi kuphela, inkolo yamaSulumane okwakuyinsakavukela amazwe eNyakatho Afrika nase-Asia. Zonke abalandeli bayo united eminye imithetho, imithetho kanye enqabelo. Nokho, njengoba kunoma iyiphi enye inkolo, babe amaSulumane uqiniseka futhi labo kuphela bazibiza ezinjalo.

Inkolo ezivamile eTurkey kukhawulela abalandeli bayo ngomqondo zokuziphatha nezingokomoya. Ngokwesibonelo, amaSulumane abakwazi ukudla inyama yazo, isiphuzo utshwala gembula. Ngokusho imithetho ngobunyoninco abesifazane kumele uhambe lifihlakele. Akuvunyelwe zibonisa kukaNkulunkulu nabantu.

Turkey uye savela Muslim ngo isimo wokuziphilisa

Bokuhlukaniswa Islam inkolo isimo isimo Turkey kwenzeka ngo 1028. Isikweletu esingu salokhu kungokwalabo umongameli wokuqala, owayehola Turkish Republic, Kemal Ataturk. Bamukela kabusha yayihloselwe ethula ezweni amagugu European.

Ngakho, Turkey yaba izwe lokuqala Muslim sisodwa ngokuphelele emandleni inkolo. Ushintsho olunjalo ayikwazanga kodwa ezibangela izinxushunxushu emphakathini hhayi ukuyithukuthelisa ukuvela kwezindaba ukunyakaza Islamic. Eminyakeni yamuva, kakhulu ngcono ithonya lenkolo nezombangazwe zaleli zwe.

Imiphumela ukuqedwa inkolo isimo

Ngenxa ushintsho sombuso ngokutsho Ataturk, izakhamuzi zakhona zaziya ayibi mibi kangako ngenkolo yakhe neziqondiso Qur'an. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenzisa uphuzo oludakayo uyekile nalahlwa emphakathini, abaningi-Turks zithunqe. ukuthi anele kokusho imithandazo nje ezimbili esikhundleni kahlanu ngosuku.

abesifazane Turkish esikhundleni ngokuphepha kwesihenqo ku iduku ngokuhlanganyela ingubo elivamile laseYurophu, noma agqoke up ngokugcwele ngezindinganiso entshonalanga. Nokho, leli siko ukuze afeze yokusokwa abafana unendawo ebalulekile empilweni we Muslim labantu Turkey kuze kube manje. esiqinile njengoba mthetho adle inyama yengulube.

Njengoba ukumenyezelwa kwezindaba Republic Turkish got zonke kwesokudla ukuthuthukisa ezincane ngokukhululekile inkolo yezwe. Umthethosisekelo omusha akusho isimo yephula ilungelo yabo yokukhulekela.

Indlela yokubhekana amaSulumane?

Okugcwele libonisa izihambi yayo izivakashi ngokuvakashela Turkey. Inkolo idlala indima enkulu. AmaSulumane njalo zihlukaniswa sokuzithoba yabo kanye ngezilokotho. Yiqiniso, bona Bathembele ukusabela okufanayo kusukela izivakashi namazwe zayo ezinobungane.

Iyiphi inkolo eTurkey main futhi inquma izisekelo kanye wesithunywa sabantu yesimanje yezwe - inkinga ukuthi akufanele neze kushaywe indiva noma yimuphi umuntu uhlose ukuvakashela izwe ngenhloso yezokuvakasha. Njengoba isivakashi, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele ngamasiko endawo kanye nezimo zengqondo abantu, umuntu engaqondile wacasula ngazo.

Ngokwesibonelo, nokuhlonipha imibono sabantu Turkish kungaba ukuzibonakalisa ekuthwaleni endaweni yayo akuyona kakhulu ukwambulwa izingubo. I eduze maphakathi yezwe, kufanele zingathathi izinto kalula okwengeziwe ngale imininingwane ehilelekile. Ukuvakashela amathempeli avunyelwe kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa izivakashi kukhona indawo ekhethelwe emnyango isakhiwo, okungafanele akukuhle ukuya.

Ukungenela indawo yokukhulekela, owesifazane kufanele afake isikhafu ekhanda lakho futhi uqiniseke ukuthi izingalo nemilenze zambozwa izingubo. Lesi sakhiwo kungenziwa kuphela bahambe bengafake zicathulo. kangcono hhayi iqondiswe izivakashi mosque phakathi nomthandazo, kulapho kufanele ungazami ukuthatha isithombe izenzakalo. Islam ivimbela nokwenza imifanekiso zabantu. Nakuba kungezona zonke umphakathi wesimanje-Turkish abanamathela lo mthetho, phambi ukuze uthwebule ezinye zazo esithombeni, kuyasiza ukucela imvume.

The main ngamaholide enkolo: Ramadan

Turkey inkolo ogama ababambelele iningi labantu, kuhlanganise ukugujwa kokuthwasa amaholide ezintathu ezinkulu. Ramadan, indima okuthakazelisayo ngoJanuwari noFebhuwari kubhekwa ngenyanga zokuvakashela incwadi engcwele ngobunyoninco. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngokuvumelana iningi abaseTurkey, evala umnyango Hogo futhi linikeza - ePharadesi, abantu balahle namathonya amabi.

Ramadan - isikhathi sokuphenduka kanye nezenzo ezinhle. AmaSulumane akholelwa ukuthi izono ezidlule zithethelelwe kule nyanga kulula, futhi ukwephulwa ngobunyoninco, uzibophezele kule nkathi ongcwele, bajeziswe okukhulu. Ramadan lugujwa ngokuzila ukudla - ukudla, ukuphuza, ukubhema, futhi ube ukusondelana akuvunyelwe kuphela ngesikhathi sasemini.

The main ngamaholide enkolo: seker Bayram futhi Kurban Bayran

Enye ezibalulekile iholide Islamic, seker Bayram waphawula ngokushesha ngemva Ramadan, okungukuthi, kusukela ngo-February 9, izinsuku ezintathu. Igama layo yakhiwa amagama amabili Turkish elihunyushwe ngokuthi "Sugar Festival". Kulezi zinsuku, kulandele Ngokuvakasha izivakashi neziphuzo luningi.

Esesithathu ngamaholide ezibaluleke kugujwa e-Turkey, kuyinto Bayran Eid, olungena ngo-April. Luthatha izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, futhi uvame ukuhambisana olungcwele oluya eMecca ukuba. Nakuba iningi-Turks ukuhlonipha amakholwa afanele namasiko enkolo ngaphandle kokushiya emizini yabo.

Ayalidela Allah isilwane ekhuluphele ngokukhethekile, khona amathempeli, ulalele izintshumayelo nodumo kuNkulunkulu ngehubo. Kurban Bayran futhi kuhambisane ukuvakashelwa emathuneni ukuze kuhlonishwe inkumbulo abafileyo abathandekayo.

Sunni and Shia

Sunnis bakha 4/5 of wonke amaSulumane abaqhuba abahlala Turkey. Islam ahlukaniselwe amagatsha amabili kwenzeke ngenxa yezombusazwe. Imibono zihlukaniswe lapho kuphakama umbuzo yokukhetha mbusi wesikhathi esizayo. Nombono wokuthi kufanele kube umuntu womndeni ka Muhammad, bonke bavumelana. Kodwa eqinisweni, uhlobo lwe lapho kufanele basonta umbusi, imibono abuhlangananga.

Sunnis kanye Shiites akuzona amaqembu komunye nomunye ekusebenziseni zokukhulekela, okuyinto ukhuthaza inkolo main eTurkey. Abakwazi bakhuleke ndawonye ukwenza uhambo. Bobabili ngihloniphe ngobunyoninco sebenzisa 'wezinsika' emihlanu ukholo. Ukungqubuzana phakathi kwalezi zezinhlangano zenkolo ezingajwayelekile kakhulu, njengoba Shiites, siqaphela inombolo yabo encane, ngazo zonke izindlela zama ukuba sizigweme.

Okunye sezenkolo Turkish

Konke Turkey Inkolo Amaphesenti baveze kunzima, njengoba idatha etholakalayo awukulinganisela. UbuKristu, nobuJuda yezidizm share kuhlanganiswe ayibi ngaphezu kuka-3% wesibalo sabantu.

Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-300 imiphakathi yobuKristu, amalungu okuyinto 0.6% labantu isimo. Phakathi kwabo kukhona Orthodox, amaKatolika Amathrendi abahlukahlukene bamaProthestani. Ngokuyinhloko, ungazizwa ingcindezi noma ukucindezelwa amalungelo abo ngokwanele.

Omncane kakhulu njengoba amaphesenti inani amaJuda e-Turkey bakwazile ukwakha emasinagogeni ngu-40. Yezidizm, inkolo iyona Kurds e-Turkey, iyona eminingi okungenani. abameleli Iningi leli qembu yobuhlanga ohlala enyakatho lingamaSulumane Sunni.

ithonya eminyaka izimfundiso Muhammad kakhulu kuveziwe embikweni okhuthaza ukuziphatha kanye yokuphila sabantu ngaphansi kwegama Turkey. Inkolo, ngemva izinguquko kakade inethonya elinamandla enjalo ku ezinhlakeni ezahlukene ukuphila komuntu. Nokho, amasiko amaningi kanye nesimo sengcondvo lesibi eyenziwe amavesi we Qur'an, simi bazinza izingqondo zabo. Izwe ngokuthula ukuhlangana labo ngokuqinile ithobela zonke izinkolo, futhi labo abephula ngokuzinika udumo ngezindlela eziningi.