Inkinga lokubala ubuningi babantu eRussia: izimbangela nezindlela ukuyinqoba

Ngenxa yezinguquko emakethe kanye nezinguquko yoshintsho neminyaka yokugcina Kuye kwaba nezinguquko ezinkulu e izimo zokuphila labantu eRussia, okuyinto kwasithinta kakhulu ukuziphatha ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba, kuhlanganise nenzalo.

Ngakho, kunenkinga lokubala ubuningi babantu eRussia, ukuphoqelela umphumela othile ku lokube nawo ezingeni lekuphila sabantu, okuyinto uguqulwa kakhulu kule minyaka edlule.

Izinto eziyinhloko ekunciphiseni izinga lokuphila yilezi:

- ukwehla ngokushesha amazinga okuphila ingxenye labantu;

- ingxenye enkulu abampofu ngokwanele anyakaza sokunquma ubumpofu;

- esikalini abalulekile kwemisebenzi, kuhambisana yokungakhokhi inkokhelo;

- lapho kubhujiswa lesi sithombe nomphakathi.

Konke lokhu amaqiniso nomthelela enhlalakahleni sabantu. Izinkinga eRussia zaziphawuleka ngokungabi ukwehla zemvelo walandela ukumisa zokwenyuka kwenani labantu, okwaholela ekuncipheni kwenani yayo. Ngakho, ukwakheka waphawula imifanekiso ayizwakali lokufuduka kwabantu ngaphakathi kanye nabangaphandle.

Inkinga lokubala ubuningi babantu eRussia kuwumphumela isicelo "Ukwelapha ukushaqeka", okwaholela nokwehla engenayo yezakhamuzi, futhi uthemba ukubabuyisela esikhathini esiseduze eyishumi ongaphakeme. Ngakho, ngokusekelwe idatha zomlando, kuphela ngo-2002 imali yangempela sabantu yafinyelela amazinga 1997.

Isici esiyinhloko standard eyehla kabili zabantu izakhamuzi zaseRussia, uma kulinganiswa nokwenu 1991. Kuyinto ukunganeli iholo. Ngenxa ukunciphisa yayo enkulu, inkokhelo ayisekho imisebenzi:

- zokuzala (hhayi ukuhlinzeka ngisho kabusha okulula isakhamuzi angisebenzi);

- kwezomnotho (hhayi zishukumisa kwenyuswe umkhiqizo nekhwalithi umsebenzi);

- emphakathini.

Inkinga lokubala ubuningi babantu eRussia, lubonise yizinga eliphansi kakhulu sabantu umthengi. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa izibalo. Ngakho, izindleko isilinganiso akhawunti ukudla cishe isigamu izindleko ingqikithi imikhaya Russian. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kwamanye amazwe, lesi sibalo ingeqi 30%. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi yonke le yenzeka khona umnotho.

Inkinga lokubala ubuningi babantu eRussia ubonisa engokwemvelo labantu ukwehla ezaqala ngo 1992. Kulowo nyaka lokufa futhi okuzala Curves aphambana, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthola zimpawu zokuthuthuka abalulekile.

Yiqiniso, izinkinga Russia elimelela eshiya izibazi nesimo esifanayo nezinye izifundazwe. Ngokwesibonelo, emazweni amaningi isilinganiso lokuzalwa waphawula ukuncipha okukhulu esikhathini esizayo esiseduze kungaholela kancane kwenani labantu. Nokho, inkinga zendawo hhayi kuphela ukwehla labantu ukukhula rate kunqunywa emhlabeni, kanye nezinto ezifana izici zezulu ezifundeni, isimo imvelo, ezenhlalo nezimo zomnotho.