Inhliziyo ivuvukale: izimbangela, izimpawu, ukwelashwa kanye nemiphumela

Ngo umkhuba wami, odokotela zivamise nabantu isifo senhliziyo. Ngokuvamile kumayelana ezigulini esezikhulile noma eselikhulile. Kwezinye izimo yesifo senhliziyo atholakala phakathi labantu zokusebenza. Abayona ngaphandle futhi izinsana, izinto priobrotshie ngisho utero. Omunye izimpawu zalezi pathologies kuyinto inhliziyo ivuvukale. Lesi sici okujwayelekile izifo eziningi inhliziyo. Ukwanda kwe-imisipha yenhliziyo ngokuvamile ubonisa wamanje isifo eside ezaholela yokumelwa yinhliziyo.

Cardiomegaly - kuyini?

Encwadini olingene inhliziyo ngomuntu ngamunye. Bona kuxhomeke womuntu uhlobo umzimba, ubulili, ubudala. Kukholakala ukuthi umzimba ubuningi okulingana nenkundla onomfutho entendeni isibhakela. Noma kunjalo, kukhona imikhawulo, uhlukanisa evamile kusukela sokugembula. inhliziyo ivuvukale ngokuthi cardiomegaly. It kungatholakala njengoba behlolwa, futhi ngenxa ukuhlahlwa wezinsimbi. Ezimweni eziningi, kukhuphuke ventricle inhliziyo, mhlawumbe kwesokunxele. cardiomegaly kancane njalo kwenzeka ngenxa iminyango efanele. emzimbeni kwenzeka ngenxa hypertrophy ungqimba imisipha futhi ngenxa esivimba amanzi esisuka (dilatation). Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kuyaqabukela kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifushane. Cardiomegaly ngokuvamile kwandulelwe kwenkathi ende isifo esingelapheki.

Ukwandiswa izimbangela isifo senhliziyo

Cardiomegaly kungenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. It kuncike lesiguli ubudala, yofuzo, isisindo kanye nendlela yokuphila. Ngezinye izikhathi, inhliziyo ivuvukale ubhekwa kukho okuvamile. Ngakho cardiomegaly kufanele kube ngokulinganisela. Ezimweni ezinjalo zihlanganisa umsebenzi njalo ngokomzimba, ukukhulelwa, akuvamile usakhula. A nokwanda okuphawulekayo usayizi inhliziyo kulesi sigaba sabantu ubuye egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Ukunikeza izizathu cardiomegaly ezilandelayo:

1. izifo azalwa naso (CHD). Basuke kwakhiwa ngisho nalapho ngikhulelwe, kungaba letingemasayizi lahlukene. Ukuze ukukhubazeka ezinkulu noma kuhlanganiswe senhliziyo kwenzeka ngokushesha. Kulokhu, cardiomegaly kungaba ukuzibonakalisa ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila kwengane. Uma ukukhubazeka abangelutho, ukwanda enhliziyweni kwenzeka kancane kancane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi akwenzeki nhlobo.
2. Izifo ukuvuvukala. Lezi zihlanganisa myo-, endo- futhi pericarditis. Ngokuvamile, lezi zifo zenzeka lapho umuntu esemncane. Cardiomegaly laligujwa kuphela lokhu ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho isifo bubé. Futhi kuleli qembu ingase ihlanganise myopathy osuke usuvulekile.
3. Ngazuza inhliziyo yayo yayinezinkinga ezicini. Kwakheka lapho usukhulile. Ngokuvamile benjalo ngenxa rheumatism.
4. Okungalapheki isifo senhliziyo. Lezi zihlanganisa ischemia esivimba amanzi (ukuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo, angina), umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
5. Nesifo samaphaphu. Phakathi kwabo - isifuba somoya, COPD.
6. Pathology ezinye kwezitho izinhlelo. KweNdikimba inhliziyo kungenzeka igazi kakhulu, ukwehluleka kwezinso nesibindi, i-hyperthyroidism.
7. Umzimba Syndrome (ukukhuluphala, ngokuhlanganyela sikashukela).

Mshini yentuthuko cardiomegaly

pathogenesis Cardiomegaly incike imbangela. Ngokuvamile, kwesokunxele hypertrophy ventricular kwenzeka kubantu abanegciwane syndrome umzimba, yenhliziyo Umthambo isifo noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ngezinye-mpilo ongaphakeme ngokufaka imisipha yenhliziyo kuyehla ngaphezulu kokujwayelekile, futhi kancane kancane kwandisa ngosayizi. Cishe into efanayo kwenzekani nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Kulokhu, inhliziyo akanayo isikhathi ukumpompa igazi fast ngokwanele ngenxa yokucindezelwa yaso ephezulu, ngakho umzimba udinga umzamo owengeziwe. cardiomegaly ukuthuthukiswa mshini stenoses ezahlukene futhi ukwehluleka valve. Endabeni lezi zifo akuyona ngokuphelele igazi lingena ekamelweni olandelayo noma isitsha (aorta, Umthambo yamaphaphu) futhi abangele ngilulekela zenhliziyo. Lapho ukukhubazeka eside ekhona iyakhula i-ventricle futhi ATRIUM. Kwezinye izimo, kungavuka zonke hypertrophy isitho. Kwesokudla senhliziyo kwenzeka uma iphaphu pathologies, izifo hepatic.

Izimpawu inhliziyo ivuvukale

Izimpawu inhliziyo ivuvukale ungaboniswa ngezindlela ezingafani. Lapho kwesokunxele ventricular iziguli hypertrophy esekhala iphika. Neziqubu Ukuphelelwa zenzeka ngesikhathi umsebenzi, nokuphakamisa izinsimbi, ibanga kuyashesha futhi isikhathi eside. Ngo cardiomegaly ezinzima futhi iphika kungenzeka lonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye iziguli ukwethula Edematous syndrome. Ngokuvamile, uketshezi aqoqana yesithathu engezansi umlenze aphansi kusihlwa. Uma imbangela isifo senhliziyo ischemia, iziguli bakhathazekile ubuhlungu endaweni inhliziyo. Futhi, ukucinga indikimba yendaba emitholampilo incike imbangela cardiomegaly. Lapho zokugula yamaphaphu ukuze izimpawu ezibalwe ungeze ukukhwehlela, kokuziklinya. yokwehluleka kwesibindi elinesimo edema omkhulu (ascites, anasarca), ukuvuvukala ngemithambo entanyeni. Ngo abadala, abanale inhliziyo ivuvukale, umfutho ophakeme wegazi ngokuvamile waphawula.

Indlela ukuxilonga cardiomegaly?

Kuze phendla cardiomegaly, enganele umlando idatha. Lokhu kudinga palpation kanye eshaywayo umzimba. Ngesikhathi inhliziyo udokotela prostukivanii kuyacaca ukuthi lingakanani evamile noma ngalé kwemingcele yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqhuba-X-ray luhlolo kwesifuba. Lapho uhlaka cardiomegaly anda umzimba ezithombeni. Ukuze ubone ukuthi iziphi izingxenye hypertrophy waphawula, aqhube electrocardiogram. Ngalesi cwaningo zingatholakala futhi mayelana imbangela isifo (ischemia, pathologies kwamaphaphu). Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla olunembile kakhulu ubhekwa echocardiography (ultrasound inhliziyo). Kuvumela ukuchaza ukushuba we myocardium ekamelweni ngamunye, usayizi ingaphakathi, ukutholakala Ukuvuleka komlomo.

ukwelashwa inhliziyo ivuvukale

Ekukhombeni le uphawu iziguli ezibuza ngalokho yini okumele uyenze uma inhliziyo ukhamisile. Ukwelashwa kufanele okuqalwe kuphela ngemva luhlolo ephelele futhi ukucacisa izimbangela. Uma kudingekile, bonisa bronchodilators, antihypertensives, isisu. Kwezinye izimo, inhlanganisela yalezi izindlela. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sasiyini isizathu, kubalulekile ukuthatha imithi kuthinte okusithiyayo ephethwe yisifo senhliziyo. Lezi zihlanganisa "coronal" izidakamizwa "Propronalol", "captopril" nokunye .. Uma sobala inhliziyo yayo yayinezinkinga ezicini badinga ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa. Futhi, kukhonjiswe ngoba ischemia eziphikelelayo futhi ukwehluleka oyingozi kwegazi.

inhliziyo ivuvukale: nemiphumela isifo

Ngeshwa, ukuhluleka inhliziyo akuvamile sihamba ngokuphelele, njengoba isifo ezithuthukayo. Ngezinye ukwelashwa akwenele noma bantula imiphumela ingase ibe mibi. Uma isiguli ezinzima cardiomegaly njalo ziswela emoyeni, ngaleyo ndlela eziphatha zonke izinhlaka. Futhi, lesi sifo kungaholela isilethikusebenza, unhlangothi, thromboembolism, inhliziyo noma izitsha yamaphaphu.