Ingabe ukucindezela ukubhema kuyanda noma kunciphise kumuntu?

Ingabe ukubhema kuyanda noma kunciphise ukucindezelwa kwegazi? Lo mbuzo ubalulekile, futhi impendulo kuyo kunconywa ukwazi wonke umuntu othatha ugwayi ezandleni zakhe. Umthamo we-nicotine obulalayo kubhekwa ukubhema kwama-cigaretti angaba ngu-94. Phakathi kwabaholi beNigeria ngandlela-thile kwakukhona umncintiswano wenani eliphezulu lokubhema umuntu angabhema. Umnqobi wathenjiswa umklomelo wemali othakazelisayo. Abantu ababili banqobile ngenxa yocuba lika-60 ngalinye. Ngeshwa, abazange bathole umklomelo, njengoba bobabili bafa.

Yeka ukuthi ugwayi wawuhlonishwa kanjani ngaphambili

Umlutha wokuvotela i-Nicotine wuwumkhuba ovame kakhulu, ababhemayo abavame ukulimaza nabantu abakuzungezile. Ezikhathini zasendulo, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ugwayi unawo ophulukisayo kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba, futhi ukubhema kwentuthuko kusiza ukuxhumana nabonkulunkulu. Ukubhema kwakuyisiko esibalulekile emidlalweni yenkolo, kwakubhekwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yokuxoxisana kwezombangazwe nezombusazwe. Ukuhlonipha ugwayi ngokujulile, abantu babengakaze bacabange ngombuzo wokucindezela ukubhema ophakamisa noma ophansi.

UColumbus wathola iMelika ...

Emakhulwini eminyaka kamuva, lapho umhloli wamazwe waseSpain uChristopher Columbus ethola iMelika, ugwayi wawusakazeka emhlabeni kabanzi. Okokuqala wazamawa yizakhamuzi zaseSpain, khona-ke yiPutukezi nabo bonke abaseYurophu. Ekuqaleni, ukubhema kwakubhekwa kabi: Abantu baseYurophu, ababenomlutha kagwayi, basolwa ngokuhlanganyela noDeveli uqobo, eChile, abathandi begwayi babesongelwa ukukhishwa ngamatshe, eNgilandi ababhemayo babeholwa ngendwangu emigwaqweni yedolobha, ngaleyo ndlela bavelela ukuhleka usulu. E-Turkey, isigwebo sokufa sabekwa ukusabalalisa ugwayi nokubhema kwayo. E-Russia, ababhemayo babophulwa ngamakha, bahlelwa ukubetha, bathunyelwa eSiberia. "Ukukhanya okuluhlaza" kwababhemayo kwaqala ngo-1812 ngokubonakala kwamasifundisane okuqala okwakhiqiza ukubhema ugwayi.

Kungani umuntu ebhema?

Namuhla ukubhema kuwumkhuba wengxenye enkulu yabakhileyo emhlabeni. Omunye umusi, ngoba le nqubo iwayeka, inika injabulo. Ngakho-ke abanye baphazamiseka ekukhathazeleni nasezinkingeni zokukhathazeka. Kanti abanye bayabhema kuphela ngenxa yenkampani. Ngokombono wabo, kulula ukuxhumana nokusetha oxhumana nabo, futhi uma kungekho sihloko sengxoxo, ungakwazi nje ukuthuma. Kwabaningi babo, ukubhema sekuyisiko esiyimfuneko, ngaphandle kwalokho okungenakwenzeka ukulala, ukuzola noma, ngokuphambene, ujabule. Futhi akungabazeki ukuthi ababhemayo, abakhuthaza enye ingxenye yentuthu kagwayi, bacabange ngokubhema okwandisa noma kwehlisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi.

I-cigarette ixosha?

Eqinisweni, ugwayi awunikeli umuntu ukuphumula, awuqeda ukukhathazeka nokukhathala. Akusizi noma ukujabula, noma ukugxila. Umuntu obhemayo uxhomeke ku-nikotine, into engokwengqondo ye-psychotropic esebenza ngokukhohlisa emaminithini ambalwa okuqala, ibangela ukwehla emsebenzini wezingqamuzana zobuchopho, ukuqala kombuso wokuthula, ukuzola okuthile. Khona-ke kukhona ukujula okubukhali emisebenzini yobuchopho, izitsha ziyancipha, ukuqina kwazo kunciphisa.

Lokhu kubangela ukulimala okukhulu empilweni futhi kubangele izinqubo ezingalungile, ngezinye izikhathi ezingenakuguqulwa emzimbeni. Esikhathini esilandelayo, kunesifiso sokuphindaphinda izikhathi ezinokuhlangenwe nakho ezithokozile futhi uphinde ulahle ingqondo ngomusi wocuba. Kwenzekani ngalesi sikhathi nomzimba? Ingabe ukubhema kuyanda noma kuncishise ukucindezelwa komuntu?

Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ukucindezelwa kwegazi kuxhomeke kuphi. Lezi yizigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: ithoni yemikhumbi, ivolumu yegazi kanye ne-viscosity yayo. Kufanele futhi ucabangele isigqi senhliziyo. Yiziphi zezici ezithinta i-nicotine? Le alkaloid inomthelela omkhulu ekwenzeni izitsha: okwesikhashana (okwenzeka ngemva kokubhema ugwayi) nokude.

Kwenzekani kucindezelo?

Njengoba kukhona ama-receipt-release of receptors kuwo wonke igazi, ngokushesha ngemuva kokubhema, kunciphisa izitsha futhi, ngokufanayo, ukwanda komfutho. Kuyiphutha ukusho ukuthi ngemva kokubhema ugwayi, ukucindezela kunciphisa. Eqinisweni, ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhashana enhlalakahle ngemuva kokuthatha umthamo we-nicotine kungenxa yokwakhiwa kwe-endorphins (ama-hormone wenjabulo) nezinye izakhi ezisebenzayo njengempendulo enhle ekugculiseni isifiso esiphezulu. Kodwa nokho ukucindezela ukubhema kuphakamisa noma kunciphisa?

I-tonus yemithwalo yegazi, ngaphezu kwe-nicotine, ithinteka kakhulu yizingxenye ezitholakala ku-cigarettes. Ingozi kakhulu ingqondo, ihlanza imithwalo yegazi. Okusho ukuthi, lapho ugwaya ugwayi ovuthayo, umphumela ohlukile kwenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa (ukucindezela nokwandiswa kwemithambo yegazi), okwenza umonakalo omkhulu nakakhulu empilweni.

Ngaphambi kwezifo ezithathelwanayo?

Ukuzama ukuqonda umbuzo wokuthi ukucindezela ukucindezela kuphakamisa noma kunciphise, singaphetha ngokuthi landa. Ekuqaleni, lokhu kwenzeka esikhathini esifushane, ngoba umzimba ngokushesha ususa amandla umphumela okwenzeka ngemuva kokubhema ugwayi ngokusebenzisa amabutho okugcina. Kodwa ngogwayi ngamunye ukubhema umbhemi usondela ekuthuthukiseni isifo sofuba, okuyisici esibalulekile ekushayweni nasekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo. Amazwe anjalo abhekwa njengephuzu elibucayi, emva kwalokho umphumela obulalayo kungenzeka kakhulu.

Noma i-atherosclerosis?

Ukubhema kungenye yezimbangela eziyinhloko ze-atherosclerosis (izifo ezinama-vascular, lapho ama-plaque afaka ezindongeni zawo). Ukuhlangenwe nakho kokubhema okungaphezulu, izitsha ezikhungathekile kakhulu, ukunciphisa isibani segazi, kuphakamisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi okuphambene. Ukungabaza ngokuthi ukubhema kwanda noma kunciphisa ingcindezi akudingekile. Impendulo icacile: iphakamisa, futhi lokhu kubeka ingozi enkulu empilweni yabantu.

Ingabe ukucindezela ukubhema kuyanda noma kunciphise?

Uma ukubhema kuhlanganiswa ngendlela engalungile yokuphila, kunomthelela ophezulu wokumonakalisa emithanjeni yegazi edla i-myocardium - ungqimba oluphakathi kwesisindo senhliziyo, okuyingxenye enkulu yobuningi bayo. Ngenxa yalokho, isifo senhliziyo ischemic, futhi esikhathini esizayo - isifo senhliziyo.

Ingabe ukubhema kuyanda noma kunciphise ukucindezeleka? Imibhalo ebhaliswe emaphaketheni kagwayi imemeza, imishanguzo yemithetho evimbela ukukhangiswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi iyethulwa, ukuphakanyiswa kwempilo enempilo kuvela ngokukhululeka.

Ngeze, abanye ababhemayo bakholelwa ukuthi uma lesi sifo sesivele sikhona, ukuyeka ukubhema akuyona into ezwakalayo.

Isifo esivela kumkhuba onjalo omubi kuwubufakazi bokulimaza komzimba we-nicotine, isibonakaliso sesidingo sokubukeza isikhundla esibalulekile futhi sishukumisele ukuba uzisindise.