Indlela Yokwenza nezindlela ucwaningo lwesayensi

Indlela Yokwenza futhi izindlela zesayensi ucwaningo igxile ulwazi ngokoqobo umgomo. Kanjalo kujamele ukulandelana ethile zemisebenzi, amasu, isenzo. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ukuthi ziqukethe izinto ngaphansi cwaningo. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kuleli cala, indlela ukhonza hhayi ningi than isicelo mbono ezivamile, izimiso okuhloswe ngalo ukubhekana ethize isayensi nocwaningo imisebenzi.

Namuhla isayensi kufanele ngempela izindlela eziningi ucwaningo lwesayensi. Ukwahlukanisa izindlela ocwaningweni olwalwenziwe Kwenziwa ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene.

Indlela Yokwenza futhi izindlela ocwaningweni olwalwenziwe ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka amagatsha yesayensi: begazi, zezibalo, ezenhlalo, ezomnotho, ezempilo, wezomthetho, njl

Ngokuhambisana ezingeni lolwazi ukuhlukanisa izindlela theory, amazinga enokwehla metatheoretical.

Ukunikeza izindlela qualitative ambalwa lokucubungula yedatha etholakele, isib, isici, ukuhlanganisa, cluster ukuhlaziywa noma isethulo ngesimo emagrafu, emashadi, imidvwebo, ibha amagrafu, njll

Ukwahlukanisa izindlela ocwaningweni olwalwenziwe ngemvelo isinyathelo umcwaningi liqukethe amaqembu amane:

1) enokwehla ehlanganisa self-observation ukubhekwa; zokuhlola kanye psychodiagnostic equkethe ucwaningo, ukuhlola, interview, nomuntu ngokubuza imibuzo aphinde sociometry; izindlela praksimetricheskie - tsiklografiya, amawashi, incazelo professiograficheskoe nemisebenzi nokuhlola; lwezifundo, esekelwe ukuhlaziywa amaqiniso, ubufakazi, izenzakalo, izinsuku, futhi ukuphila komuntu sekulingisa indlela;

2) izindlela yenhlangano: eziyinkimbinkimbi, longitudinal, ngokuqhathanisa;
3) nezindlela Interpretive, ngokukhethekile, takhi zofuzo indlela;
4) izindlela sokuhlaziya qualitative ambalwa.

Nokho, indlela nezindlela ocwaningweni olwalwenziwe is ngokwesiko eyenziwa ngesisekelo ezingeni ulwazi lwesayensi - enokwehla noma theory. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokulandelana, ukwaba izindlela zocwaningo.

Indlela Yokwenza futhi izindlela ocwaningweni olwalwenziwe kuyinto encike ngqo kwi degree of generality futhi ububanzi. Ngokuhambisana yalezi zindlela ababonakali ngezikhundla:

1) zefilosofi (jikelele), okuyinto isinyathelo kunoma yisiphi isigaba yokufunda kuzo zonke wesayensi;

2) imisebenzi yesayensi elisetshenziswa yemvelo, abantu nesayensi lobuchwepheshe;

3) yangasese, esetshenziselwa wesayensi ucwaningo ezihlobene;

4) Special ezisebenzayo angomunye ulwazi lwesayensi.

Yiziphi izindlela ucwaningo lwesayensi in kwengqondo ngokukhethekile? Izindlela eziyinhloko zihlanganisa ucwaningo nalokho esikubonayo, futhi ongumsizi isikhundla ukuhlaziya imiphumela imisebenzi kanye nokukhulumisana. Indlela unqume ukuthi iziphi izindlela ucwaningo lwesayensi in the Psychology ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo? Isinqumo sithathwa ngamunye esimweni ngasinye. Konke kuncike isihloko kanye nezinhloso ze-cwaningo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi, njengoba umthetho, musa ukusebenzisa hhayi omunye indlela ethize, futhi izindlela eziningana ekuhlanganisweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamunye izindlela zokuvimbela futhi Okusizayo umphelelisi nomunye.

Ngaphansi kokuqondisa kusho indlela owakhiwa bezibona ngamabomu, ehlelekile futhi ngamabomu futhi ukuqopha ukuziphatha ukuthola iziphetho mayelana engqondo, izenzakalo subjective uyalandelwa.

Isilingo - kuhlukile ekuboneni ukuthi ikhiqizwa kohlaka umongo wadala ngokukhethekile, ucwaningo kumsebenzi kokungenela wakhe nge ukuxhaphaza esihleliwe izici variable kanye nokubhaliswa izinguquko ukuziphatha ngale ndaba.

Indlela lwemibuzo, ingxoxo indlela, elihlobene ne ukuqoqwa ubufakazi ngomlomo izifundo kanye ucwaningo lwabo okwalandela.