Indlela ukukhetha ikhamera lulwimi professional? izici ezibalulekile kukhethwa ikhamera lulwimi professional

Photo - a Ukuvivinya ezithakazelisa kakhulu, kusisiza wasithatha zikhathi ezithakazelisayo kunazo zonke ekuphileni futhi baveze ngokusebenzisa izithombe kwemizwa kanye nesimo somqondo. Ukuze bezithombe abaningi - ke kuwumsebenzi, kodwa abanye - wokuzilibazisa, kodwa noma kunjalo isithombe kuhlale omunye izinhlobo zobuciko. Futhi uma ukhetha ucishe sina ukubhekana izithombe digital ke kuqala udinga uqhubekele ukukhethwa afanelekile ikhamera. Ngenxa amakhamera professional iyabiza, futhi labo abayobe wahlanganyela amateur kokuthatha isithombe, umane akudingeki, le njongo ofanele kakhulu ikhamera lulwimi professional. Nokho, akuyona othize, kodwa kunalokho engacacile umqondo ezibanzi. Manje uyazi ukuthi lisho ukuthini nokuthi ukukhetha semi yekhamera.

I lulwimi professional ikhamera kuhlukile "Insipho"?

Leli qembu amakhamera yakhelwe abantu zinethuba elincane babe ejwayelekile "Insipho", kodwa ngubani abayi ukusebenzisa ikhamera izinjongo zezomnotho, okungukuthi ukusebenza kule studio.

Okokuqala, lokhu ikhamera is zihlukaniswa ikhono ukuzisethela ukuzwela ISO, okungukuthi, ezingeni nozwela matrix, amakhono ukulawula iris nokuchayeka, focus manual. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi amakhamera kungenziwa ngesandla ibhalansi elimhlophe. Njengakuwo wonke amakhamera lulwimi professional, ngokungafani ezivamile "Insipho", kungenzeka ukushintsha lens. Enye yezinto juqu anqume ukuthi imiphi ikhamera ukukhetha lulwimi, a ezihlukahlukene lens yanoma yimuphi umkhiqizo, oveza amakhamera. On ububanzi kanjani epaki yokukhanya e inkampani ethile nokuthi lokhu yokukhanya uyatholakala umthengi, futhi ingase ixhomeke endleleni kukhethwa ikhamera.

Iyini I-ISO, isivinini yesivalo futhi beso?

Uma ufuna ukuba aphishekele izithombe bese ungabi sibhekene imiqondo le, khona-ke nakanjani kudingeka wazi ukuthi iyini. ISO - lisezingeni elinjani ukuzwela ikhamera-matrix. Ayanda ukubaluleka, ukuzwela ephakeme, kodwa ngezinye nezinombolo ngomsindo ziyavela (Stock isithombe sebuningini Amaphikseli anemibala). Ngakho-ke kungcono uma kungenzeka ukugwema abawasebenzisayo izilungiselelo ISO emkhanyweni ophansi, uyamelana ukukhanya ongaphakeme ngu ayewukela exposure. Ngaphambi ukhetha ikhamera kanye semi final zokunquma ukuthi waba ini bayothenga mthandazo oyisibonelo, ngangokunokwenzeka ukubona izithombe ezithathwe kule imodeli ikhamera izilungiselelo ISO okusezingeni eliphezulu, lapho ekuhloleni izinga umsindo esithombeni.

Exposure - nesikhathi phakathi nalapho umphini phakathi lens futhi matrix ikhamera ivulekile. Lesi sikhathi sokuphumula kungenzeka kusuka amafraktjhini ambalwa yesibili imizuzwana embalwa. Izingcaphuno kusukela umthamo wokukhanya kuncike, okuzodingeka isikhathi sokuthi matrix. Kodwa ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kakhulu kungaholela izithombe esilufifi, ukuze ugweme lokhu, kuba efiselekayo ukusebenzisa tripod.

Imbobo - idivayisi lens ehlanganisa amacembe. Kuyinto ukuwuvula bese ufihle ngemuva. Lapho beso kuleli matrix uthola ukukhanya kwelanga okwengeziwe, ukuze ukwazi ukuletha ngokushesha isivinini yokucina. Futhi indlela evulekile diaphragm kuncike ukudepha kwenkundla (DOF). Uma diaphragm ivuliwe, le ukudepha kwenkundla buzoba buncane uma embozwe - ngaphezulu.

Izici DSLR

Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i "reflex" - ikhamera, idivayisi esibukweni esisetshenziselwa, ukuthi leli gama lisikisela. Itholakala phambi matrix i-engela degrees amane nanhlanu futhi ukhonza ukuqondisa kabusha isithombe kusukela lens ngqo kusitholi sokubonwayo, lapho ubheka. Lesi sithombe nabokhulumile, ngakho kukhona pentaprism, okuyinto kushintsha isithombe kubonakala kusukela SLR esibukweni design.

Kukhona "LayvVyu" Imodi SLR amakhamera, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba sibonise isithombe esikrinini ikhamera encane. Uma ungenalo uhlose ukusebenzisa kusitholi sokubonwayo optical, ngoba uthanda ukuthatha izithombe, ngokugxila esikrinini, esibukweni ikhamera ngeke ngawe ukwenza imisebenzi.

Ukukhiqizwa amakhamera ezifana bekwi amafemu amaningi, edume kakhulu kubo - kungcono "Canon" futhi "Nikon". Impendulo yombuzo anjani lulwimi lens reflex yekhamera ukukhetha kuzoncika amakhono sakho sezimali futhi bathanda nezinto azithandayo. Lapho ekhetha ikhamera uholwe kanjani ukhululekile usesandleni sakhe, kuze kufike kukhona elula imenyu bese inkinobho layout, nokunye. D. Futhi-ke, ikhwalithi izithombe. Ungenza ambalwa test isibhamu ezivela amakhamera ezahlukene esitolo, bese ubheka kahle isikrini sakho esikhulu, okuyinto engcono. On isibonisi okudidiyelwe ikhamera ukuhlola ikhwalithi izithombe kunzima ngempela.

amakhamera System

Uhlelo (noma, njengoba zibizwa kanjalo, mirrorless) amakhamera - ikhamera, lapho kungekho esibukweni pentaprism, ngokufanele, akukho kusitholi sokubonwayo optical. Kusukela elula "ihlumela amakhamera" zihlukaniswa phambi kwabo bonke amakhamera izilungiselelo manual, ikhono ukushintsha lens, elikhulu ubukhulu bomzimba matrix. Kuyinto kusukela kule kuncike nobukhulu nekhwalithi izithombe. I emikhulu matrix, kulapho eliphezulu izithombe ungathola emkhanyweni ophansi, kuyancipha Ngomsindo efanayo. Ngakho-ke, ngisho noma ukhethe "Insipho" kwasekuqaleni kufanele sinake ukuba isibalo megapixels, futhi ubukhulu bomzimba matrix noma kwi isici kwezitshalo. Nqampuna isici - value esibonisa indlela usayizi matrix esingaphansi usayizi Uhlaka esigcwele (35h24 mm). Ngokwesibonelo, isitshalo Isici 2 kusho ukuthi matrix elisetshenziswa ikhamera, izikhathi 2 lincane inani usayizi uzimele. Namuhla, amakhamera ne Uhlaka esigcwele-matrix ezingajwayelekile futhi professional, ngaphezu, zingabantu, Yiqiniso, lenani eliphakeme.

Uhlelo namanje amakhamera ngokuvamile isebenzisa matrix 17,3h13 usayizi mm, isb 3x4 amasentimitha. Nqampuna isici kulingana ezimbili. Ngaphansi evame ukusetshenziswa-matrix kwezitshalo isici 1.5, okusho ukuthi ilingana ku amakhamera SLR. Amakhamera matrices enjalo ngokuvamile ekhishwa 'Sony "- ingenye abakhiqizi ethandwa kakhulu kwekhamera mirrorless.

Kuphinde futhi kube abakhiqizi kunazo owaziwa amakhamera mirrorless kukhona "Olympus" futhi "Panasonic".

izindlu

Ngakho indlela ukukhetha ikhamera lulwimi professional, futhi ufuna ikhwalithi enhle, qiniseka ukuthi sinake izinga material plastic umzimba. Futhi, izindlu kungenzeka metal - kungcono ngisho. Qiniseka ukuhlola ngekhamera esitolo udinga cindezela zonke izinkinobho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kusebenza kahle futhi akusho ukucwila.

Ngakho indlela ukukhetha lulwimi professional ikhamera - umsebenzi wemfanelo, ungathola Izibuyekezo umsebenzisi mayelana lolutsite ikhamera oyithandayo (ngaphambi uyithenga).

Hlola-matrix ikhamera ngaphambi kokuyithenga

Manje kakade indlela ukukhetha semi ikhamera, futhi ungaya esitolo. Uma kakade ukhethe imodeli okuthandayo, ukuhlola izinga inhlangano yayo, kulindeleke ukuthi libambe nolunye uvivinyo encane - ukuze uhlole khona ikhamera-matrix ephukile hot pixels. Broken - labo Amaphikseli ukuthi kukhona inoperative futhi ungathathi ngamawala, baphendukele ekukhanyeni, kukhona iphuzu emhlophe. Zezıhlabane - futhi Amaphikseli onesici, okuyizinto njalo umbala ethile.

Ukuze ukuhlole isidingo ukuvala flash, uvale lens ikhamera bese wenze ambalwa isibhamu at ukuvezwa ezahlukene. Phakathi nale nqubo, ephansi ISO kulungiselelwa kufanele usethe, esiphezulu ukulingana kwesithombe futhi umsebenzi ekhansela umsindo icishiwe. Manje kudingeka sibone okungalé lezi zithombe esikrinini esikhulu.

Uma kukhona izithombe ngokuya ngemibala ehlukene - matrix womshado, ngoba kungukudla hot pixels kakhulu futhi efile. Bayoba okwamanje, ngaphandle kokukhetha, izithombe athumba yilo ikhamera, ezingemnandi ikakhulukazi uma besaba maphakathi. Uma isithombe kuyinto omnyama ngokuphelele, ungathatha ngokuphepha lesi senzakalo.