Indlela ukuhlwaya tento njengoba titfo tenkhulumo. Izimpawu sesenzo njengengxenye yokukhuluma

Verb - ke ingenye izingxenye ezibalulekile kakhulu inkulumo isiRashiya, ukutadisha okuyinto lwezifundo zesikole unikezwa isamba esikhulu isikhathi. Lokhu kuyaqondakala, ngoba isihloko empeleni ngempela ezisindayo. Lapho izingane isifundo sakhe sichaze nendlela yokuzigwema ukuze ukucacisa ukuma, ukubukeka ukubaluleka igama elithile e umusho, kanye nendlela ukuhlwaya tento njengoba titfo tenkhulumo. Russian Yiqiniso ulimi eqala ujwayele kulesi sigaba ngemva zonke izingxenye bokuzisholo. Futhi lokhu kwenziwa yini ngengozi, ngoba, ngokungafani nokubili kahle emabito, tiphawulo kanye netinombolo, lokuhlanganisa senzo efomini, okusho ukuthi izici morphological titfo tenkhulumo zihluke Ngamanye amazwi nemishwana.

Igama njengengxenye yenkulumo: isenzo

Definition of isenzo, bafaka izincwadi, iya okuthile okunjengokuthi: iyingxenye inkulumo ukuthi imibuzo, okubonisa isenzo, futhi ungaboniswa ku (ukugula), impahla (ngingiza), uphawu (mnyama) nangokumelene (nomona). I kokuqala isimo sesenzo, okuphendula umbuzo "esingakwenza" futhi "esingakwenza", ubizwa ngokuthi kwekusebentisa, noma ifomu kwekusebentisa, okungaba umusho ngu akhona yini amalungu alo.

Ngokwesibonelo: ukuqonda (isihloko) - kusho ukuzizwa; kube (isilandiso) imvula; Abangane bacelwe ukuba bacule ke (uchitshiyelwe); waya ukuhamba (isimo).

kwesigaba Sihloko, indaba mayelana nendlela ukuhlwaya tento njengoba titfo tenkhulumo, izingane ziqala ukufunda kakade ebangeni lesi-4, futhi eminyakeni elandelayo, sibuyele kuwo ngokuphindaphindiwe. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba weqele ngqo ukuhlaziywa isenzo kufanele ihlole indlela izimpawu zayo. Yilokhu Kuzoxoxwa.

izimpawu Permanent sesenzo

Omunye Isici esibalulekile salo ingxenye inkulumo ukuthi wonke amagama ahlobene kungaba izici unomphela unomphela hhayi, okuyinto isifundo kuyadingeka ukuze senze lokho tenkhulumo isenzo. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba Ngowenkolo ifomu. Uma inqubo noma isenzo esachazwa isenzo, eseqedile okwamanje, noma ibonisa ukuthi kuyoba anjalo - kungcono ukubukeka ephelele. Ngokwesibonelo: kwesokunxele, woza, bhala, ukufunda, bathi. Futhi uma izwi akusho okokugcina, kuba ifomu abangaphelele sesenzo. Ngokwesibonelo: I bukhoma ukudweba, ngokubhala.
• Umenziwa kanye ngadingi umenziwa. Umehluko lezi zici lwetakhi telulwimi ayatholakala uma usebenzisa isabizwana esisebuningini isenzo noma ibizo. Umenziwa tento ingasetshenziswa ngaphandle bondzaweni kuzingxenye nominative yokukhuluma umenziwa wesenzo, futhi uma kunqatshelwe - esimweni genitive. Futhi lapho amafomu ngadingi umenziwa ibhaxa khona isixhumanisi amazwi - imfuneko. Ngokwesibonelo: ifunda le ncwadi, angizange ufunde isihloko, ukwakha indlu, kumile esuka endlini, ukuzwelana nabanye, ukuba ahlenge isikhathi.
• Reflexivity. Chaza lesi sici ulula, njengoba umthetho, wonke amazwi lokhu ukuphela uthayiphe -S noma Xia. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi sici kubonisa ukuthi isenzo ngadingi umenziwa. Ngokwesibonelo: udadewethu wahleka, ziyoncibilika emanzini, unamathele ekudleni kwakho.
• Conjugation - lena esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu, okuyinto ehilelekile kumiswa emagama futhi ukushintsha isenzo inombolo futhi umuntu. Ukuze uhlole babuye bahlanganise isihloko ngokuhamba isikole isiRashiya unikezwa isikhathi esiningi, futhi ikhono kahle ukuhlonza conjugation sesenzo incike izinga yesipelingi. Nokho, wonke sihloko kungenziwa ebhaliwe kwelinye isifinyezo encane. Ngakho, i-conjugation lokuqala lihlanganisa zonke tento kanye eziyimpumelelo -esh, -em, Eks, -ete, YM, -yut, kanti eyesibili - eligcina -ish, -im, -um, -ite, yo, -yat. Ukuze sithole conjugation sesenzo ukushintshwa ngumuntu bese ulandela ushintsho ekugcineni.

Little noma zimpawu nesenzo

Izimpawu lezi zimpawu amanga egameni wabo, bona nayo ibalulekile kakhulu ukufunda indlela ukuqaqa tento njengoba titfo tenkhulumo. Lezi zihlanganisa izici nomthelela bheke:

• Ukuthambekela. Ukuma lesi sici kubonisa ukuhlobana isinyathelo ukuze ngesikhathi sangempela. Kukhona amafomu ezintathu semizwa: Indlela (isenzo senzeka khona manje), okunemibandela (senzo kuphela oyifunayo) kanye lesiphocako (isinyathelo kungenzeka lapho izenzakalo ezithile zenzeka).
• Isikhathi nosuku. Ngo isiRashiya kukhona tento lesengcile, okwamanje nokwesikhathi esizayo. Njengomthetho, kwencazelo yohlelo lokubhala sici nobunzima kuphakama, kanye ekutholweni okunzima noma ubunye.
• B. Njengazo zonke ingxenye emangalisayo yokukhuluma, tento ziyahlukahluka ngobulili, ngokuvumelana nezwi esichaza umuntu, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa isenzo.

Indlela ukuhlwaya tento njengoba titfo tenkhulumo

Lokho izici ezingenhla futhi kufanele zifakwe ukuhlaziya morphological sento, efana uhlelo kanje:

1. Cacisa igama titfo tenkhulumo.
2. Nquma ukuma kokuqala.
3. Cacisa wesici esihlala sikhona isenzo njengengxenye yenkulumo, ukubukeka, reflexivity, transitivity, lokuhlanganisa.
4. Khomba izimpawu ze-non-unomphela: ukuthambekela, isikhathi, umuntu, futhi ubulili (uma ikhona) kanye nenani.
5. Uqaqe umusho lapho isenzo isetshenziswa, futhi ukunquma umsebenzi wayo, okungukuthi ukuze ubonise ukuthi iyilungu.

Izibonelo yokwehlukanisa isenzo tenkhulumo njengendlela

Ukuhlanganisa impahla wafunda (izici morphological nezici isenzo) ikharikhulamu enikeziwe parses eziningi inikezwe tenkhulumo ngokuvumelana uhlelo oluchazwe ngenhla. With izingane reception enjalo bafundiswa ukuhlela ulwazi futhi uzisebenzise kahle, futhi futhi ukuphinda endaweni ukuhlaziywa eqondile zonke izimpawu ingxenye ethile yokukhuluma.

Njengoba isibonelo, cabanga umusho elandelayo: "Esibhakabhakeni ilanga likhanya bhá."

1. Khanyisa - Isenzo.
2. Ifomu kokuqala - bukhanye.
3. tento Imperfective, imali engeke ibuye ekhokhelwa, lezivakashi, elisetshenziswa conjugation yesibili.
4. Ilanga liyashisa - isenzo senzeka khona esikhathini sangempela, okusho ukuthi ifomu kuveza isenzo, esetshenziswa, ayiveli kumuntu wesithathu, futhi okungenabulili.
5. On - izaba esibhakabhakeni - esimweni ngokucacile - Eqinisweni kukhanya - isilandiso, ilanga - isihloko.

Ukuhlaziya indlela yokwakheka isenzo

Ayikho ezingabalulekile kangako sihloko: "Morphemic yokwehlukanisa amazwi". Kusho ukuthini lokhu futhi indlela yokwenza amazwi ukubunjwa? Isenzo, njengawo wonke amazwi, iyona main okuyingxenye, ngesisekelo okuyinto nezinye izinhlobo akhiwa. Kuyinto le ngxenye okungenasiphelo, okuyinto e isiqu kuyinto isikwele, ngokuthi base futhi kungumongo kwencazelo incazelo lucebe. Lapho yokwehlukanisa besikwele luchazwa ngegama elithi.

Emva kokukhishwa isisekelo Isijobelelo - morpheme, okuyinto ehilelekile bheke ifomu-kwetinhlavu kanye olulodwa-impande amazwi. Le ncwadi kuboniswa engela lwaphezulu sokudlondlobala.

Ukuze tento Indlela futhi okunemibandela lesengcile esishubile elinesimo zero isijobelelo noma -l-. Ngokwesibonelo: Ngafunda - ukufunda, eyenziwa - ayeyonikeza.

kwakhiwa ifomu kwekusebentisa is ngokwengeza -t- Isijobelelo futhi -ti-, kodwa lwezifundo zesikole, lezi morphemes ziphathwa njengoba isiqedile. Ngokwesibonelo: ubuthongo - ubuthongo bese igcinwa - ukulondolozwa.

Console - omunye izingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu igama, esimelela ekuqaleni futhi uhlanganyela kumiswa amafomu amasha izwi. Schematically kuboniswa nencwadi nabokhulumile G.

Umsuka - ingxenye esiyisibopho ayingqalasizinda, waphetha okushiwo lucebe futhi uhlanganisa zonke cognate amazwi ingxenye. Akukho ezimele iyunithi lucebe olulodwa, okwakuyoholela neze ube nalesi morpheme ngenkathi they are ukusetshenziswa ejwayelekile ngaphandle nezinye izakhi. Umsuka phezu incwadi ukhombise arc.

imithetho lokudlulisa Morphemic

Umbuzo ukuthi ukuhlwaya nesenzo ukubunjwa abafundi abaningi. Lokhu kungaba eziningi ukusho, kodwa kungcono ukukhombisa practice. Kodwa okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi tento kwekusebentisa futhi wesilisa ayiveli ukusetshenziswa lesengcile kanye okunemibandela esishubile, akupheli. Futhi lezi zenzo akudingeki isijobelelo.

Morphemic lokudlulisa tento, kanye Ngamanye amazwi, yenziwa ngokuvumelana isikimu ezilandelayo:

1. Ukunqunywa titfo tenkhulumo.
2. Ukuba Wedwa ukuqeda unencazelo ukuthi lichaza ukuthini.
3. Ukukhethwa kwamagama owodwa impande kuyo nokuzimisela impande.
4. Ukwabiwa ticalo netijobelelo.
5. Ukunqunywa ngesisekelo yokukhuluma, waphetha incazelo lucebe.

Yenza la mazwi sokuqanjwa

Ukuhlanganisa indaba okufanele adiliza amagama ambalwa ukubunjwa lesi sibonelo: ukuhlupheka - ifomu sokuqala ukuhlupheka. Lena ifomu abangaphelele sesenzo ophela Eks, okhombisa sikhathi samanje, umuntu wesithathu, ubunye. Ngesisekelo izwi - Strada - Isijobelelo - a -. amazwi Cognate: ukuhlupheka, ukuhlupheka, ukuhlupheka. Umsuka - Strahd engena esikhundleni kungenzeka yencwadi "d" ukuze "g". Leli gama linezincazelo kungekho Isiqalo.