Indaba kwenqwaba (isihlabathi, amatshe): ukwakhiwa nokudayiswa

Non-metallic ngobuningi izinto yizici ezibalulekile embonini yezokwakha. Sand, itshe ochotshoziwe esetshenziswa ekwakheni ngokhonkolo futhi wasisekela izakhiwo zikakhonkolo, izigqulo. Lezi izinto asetshenziselwa ukwelashwa phansi, ukuhlela, ukudweba imisebenzi. Ngo endleleni isakhiwo imfucumfucu isetshenziswa njengoba roadbed underlayment ungqimba. Ezinye izinhlobo amatshe asetshenziselwa ukucwebisa izindawo elakhelene.

Izinhlobo amatshe nesihlabathi

Zonke izinto zokwakha okuxekethile ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka nezimfuno eziningi:

• umsuka;
• physico-mechanical izakhiwo (ukuminyana, ukuqina, ukumelana kakhulu emanzini abandayo, abatholako);
• ukuma Usayizi okusanhlamvu;
• ezingeni imisebe, khona ukungcola organic wezinto ezingaphili.

Nature umsuka Gravel incike starting impahla. Hlukanisa imfucumfucu kusukela amatshe, imfucumfucu nsimbi, okuyinto ezenziwe ngezinto kabusha futhi Metallurgical yesibili etholwe kwasani ukwakhiwa imfucuza (ukhonkolo, izitini). izakhiwo Physico-mechanical imfucumfucu encike ngqo kwi impahla yomsuka wawo. Indaba ethandwa kakhulu, okuncike okusezingeni eliphezulu amandla rocks - amelana ukuhlanekezela nokubhujiswa ngesenzo lokukhanda. usayizi Grain amatshe ihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana: ukushiya (5 mm), eliphakathi (5-25 mm) nezinkulu (25-40 mm).

Sand umsuka zihlukaniswe zemvelo kanye yokufakelwa. Yemvelo impahla khulula onganqamukiyo ikhiqizwa ukuthuthukiswa esihlabathini noma isihlabathi futhi amatshe imali. Kuye nesenzakalo ukuhlukanisa kolwandle, emfuleni noma entabeni isihlabathi. Eyokuqala izinhlobo ezimbili kukhona okusanhlamvu oyindilinga xaxa futhi okuqukethwe okuncane of ukungcola njengoba kuqhathaniswa ne okubalulekile ngasezinkwalini misela. isihlabathi sehlukaniswe ezinkulu, aphakathi nendawo kanye yayincane zithutha.

Ukukhiqizwa isihlabathi yemvelo

Ukukhiqizwa ngezinto zemvelo okungezona metallic ngobuningi uhlanganisa izigaba eziningana:

• timbiwa;
• ukuqhutshwa kanye yokucwenga (uma kudingeka);
• USB.

Cishe zonke izinhlobo izinto ngobuningi kuthiwa misela by indlela ivulekile. Pit isihlabathi limbiwa ukumbiwa noma ogandaganda. Esikhathini ukukhiqizwa entabeni isihlabathi, ngenxa lemali enkulu ukungcola kanye granules yobukhulu ehlukile, idinga ukwengeza processing kanye okuphakelayo nokunonophala. Le nqubo liqukethe egeza kulandzelana nekuhlunga into. Ukuze kukhiqizwe ingxenyenamba kulencane asetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni yokwakha Izingxube esekelwe usimende, inhlabathi kungenzeka ukugaya ezengeziwe roller crusher. isihlabathi Yemvelo libhekisela izinto ezithandwa caking Kodwa ngesikhathi ngokuvamile ukukhiqizwa yayo isetshenziswa hopper kwenqwaba impahla - idivayisi ngesimo i mbhoshongo ufushanisiwe nabokhulumile ngokubamba futhi usinika particulate impahla.

River isihlabathi limbiwa Hydro indlela amadamu. Barge amaphampu wokubacindezela akhishwa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezivela phansi emfuleni wokubacindezela okwami yokulahla ngebhange. Amanzi agelezela emuva emfuleni, futhi isihlabathi uhlala kwenqwaba. Ngezinye obukhulu kakhulu phansi kwamanzi ngaphezu kwalokho wasebenzisa ebhakedeni ikheshi.

Ukukhiqizwa isihlabathi yokufakelwa

I ezindawo indawo imali isihlabathi zemvelo Ukuboshelwa, okungaholela nokuntuleka le nto kwezinye izifunda. Ukukhiqizwa isihlabathi yokufakelwa ivumela kakhulu ukuxazulula le nkinga ngokwenza ukuhlinzeka izidingo ezidingekayo. Artificial impahla particulate ezivezwa kwasani rocks kanzima kanye neminye imithombo impahla eluhlaza. Kuye umsuka ezibonakalayo lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo isihlabathi yokufakelwa:

• Nechobozekile. Asetshenziswa izingoma esidi zokuhlobisa. Ikhishwa zemabula angawethusi, diabase, le-basalt noma aminyene slags Metallurgical.
• isihlabathi Khanyisa, organic futhi wezinto ezingaphili. Indaba kwenqwaba is etholakala ilula, scoria, tuff, ezolimo kanye nokhuni imfucuza.
• Sands sedimentary - umphumela ukugaya namathempeli ngokhonkolo namatshe.
• Expanded ubumba isihlabathi etholwe rocks kwasani keramzite - thermally nangokuvikela impahla, a yamathebhu for ukhonkolo engasindi nodaka.
• isihlabathi ukungena nakwamanye amazwe kusuka slag.

ukukhiqizwa itshe luthuli

Izinto zokusetshenziswa ukwenziwa itshe ochotshoziwe akhiqizwa ngasezinkwalini opencast rocks ezahlukene. Kuye izici idiphozi; idwala misela ikhethwa wokuthuthukiswa kwesigubhu. Ukuze ikakhulukazi idwala onzima owenziwe blasting ukuthethwa kwecala. Imithombo pre-yamba ukukhokha nikubeke ezinhliziyweni zenu. Ukuqhuma edwaleni uqalisa izingcezu atholakale kucutshungulwe.

I ekhishwe impahla eluhlaza yanikezwa ukugaya owenziwa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba Crushers (roll, emhlathini Crushers, umthelela, Isigaxa). Ukukhethwa Technics yenziwa kuye uhlobo umkhiqizo wokugcina. Ngemva angawethusi, ukulungele imfucumfucu iza ekuhlungeni. Indlela Ukuhlolwa Sihlukaniswe saba amafraktjhini ngekwesayizi okusanhlamvu. Ukufakwa kuyinto sieves enkulu amaningi emigodini ye diameters ezahlukene. Ingxenyana encane kunazo zonke sihamba wonke amazinga zesikrini, bazinze sump. Inqubo ukuhlunga phezu ochotshoziwe itshe ingxenyenamba kungenzeka wageza ukuze akhiphe amanyela nobumba.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu amatshe amatshe

Kukhona iqembu kahle esikhulu lezi zinhlobo zezindwangu, kodwa phakathi kwabo kakhulu ziphoqa okulandelayo:

• Granite - imfucumfucu isikhathi eside kakhulu Lokudabuka magmatic. Kusekelwe - asebenza ngebhethri, mica futhi feldspar. Imibala ezivamile - obomvu, bomvana, ompunga. Ngenxa yomsuka wawo, kukhethwa le nto, ngokukhethekile kufanele banikwe izitifiketi radioactivity. Ngenxa Izakhiwo futhi mechanical, ifomu ethandwa kakhulu yemfucumfucu.
• Amatshe. Ngesisekelo le nto idwala amatshe. Khiqiza lolu hlobo imfucumfucu ngezindlela ezimbili - kwasani rocks (amatshe agayiwe) kanye ukuhlolwa emfuleni noma olwandle phansi (amatshe oyindilinga). On amandla egwadle lungaphezu phansi kunabaphostoli kodwa ushibhile emisebeni ongaphakeme ngemuva.
• Quartzite. Indaba kwenqwaba indlela okwakheke ngayo asebenza ngebhethri idwala. Amandla akuyona kunabayeni egwadle, kodwa emisebeni kancane ngemuva. Ngenxa yasekuqaleni isakhiwo futhi ekhangayo colorings ethandwa kakhulu ubuciko.
• Lime. Ikhishwa kwasani sedimentary amatshe. On amandla kunabayeni zonke ezinye izinhlobo zezinsimbi. Ngesisekelo dolomite nomcako. umehluko Evumayo - amanani aphansi.

Izindawo kwesicelo ngobuningi izinto

Ibanga kwezicelo materials non-metallic ngobuningi makhulu kakhulu, esehlanganise cishe zonke izigaba ukwakhiwa uphoqe okwanele kwezinye izinhlobo zomsebenzi:

• Ukulungiselela ngokhonkolo lemikhiqizo ezahlukene.
• Ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ngokhonkolo.
• ukwakhiwa Road.
• Iinsetjenziswa ojantshi, zezindiza.
• Landscaping.
• Imfuyo.
• Iinsetjenziswa ungqimba zokuzivikela ezindaweni umgwaqo ezineqhwa.

Ezokuthutha ngobuningi izinto

WezokuThutha izinto ngobuningi bazo (ibanga elide), umgwaqo kanye emfuleni zokuhamba. Ukuze izitimela ofanele kakhulu gondola izimoto, amaloli, alahle izimoto - izinqola evulekile Special osenyameni othomathikhi nge tipping. Ukuze zokuhamba yesihlabathi yokulahla owubhuqu amaloli Site kunazo. Ukuthunyelwa ngobuningi izinto ngasemfuleni izikebhe - ukuthuthwa inketho eshibhe, kodwa efanele kuphela uma i-close nemifula indawo. Esikhathini ukuthutha is hhayi Kunconywa endleleni eya endaweni kwezidingo ukuthulula lezi zinto nakwezinye izimoto ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa.

Ukugcinwa Kwazo Ngenjongo ukudayiswa

Ngemva isizinda kanye, uma kudingeka, isihlabathi amatshe kokucetshiswa in the ifomu ngalo ubona umthengi ethunyelwe ishede. Uhlobo ngalunye kanye nokusungulwa ayingxenye ye impahla ngobuningi agcinwe ngokwehlukana. Isitoreji izindawo kufanele ibe bushelelezi, akufanele ukuqoqa amanzi emvula. Uma kudingeka, kwenze ukuvikelwa okungeziwe ngaphansi komhlaba. Ebusika, izinto sisusiwe iqhwa.

Ukuthengisela non-metallic izinto kusukela kusitoreji avame ngomgwaqo. Okukhishiwe amabhizinisi ezinkulu ngemigqa legatsha yangasese. Ukuthunyelwa ephephile futhi elula zokwakha yokugcina isitoreji umthengi endaweni banayo imigwaqo elula. Ngokuvamile ihlelwe sohlangothi olulodwa indandatho traffic. Ukuze ukulayisha lula futhi ukuvimbela caking esetshenziswa USilo kwenqwaba izinto. Ukuze ukukhanyisa Artificial inikezwa ebusuku.