Imoto ezine-unhlangothi injini

Ehlanganisa injini amasilinda amane, zazo ogibele phezu crankcase futhi phezu kwekhanda avaliwe. Carter ugqoko phansi abethela. Ngo uMbhalo ikhanda valve asethwe - itheku futhi uphuma khona, umlomo wombhobho ngoba umjovo uphethiloli (Diesel) izinjini noma inhlansi ukuthungela (uphethroli). Ngaphakathi uhamba piston, ixhunyiwe ngokusebenzisa pin piston elekhanda engenhla induku yokuxhuma. Inhloko engezansi induku yokuxhuma imbozwe wesibeletho namajenali crankshaft main zazo ogibele amabombo. I piston e uMbhalo is uphawu izindandatho ekhethekile. Ekupheleni the crankshaft kuyinto ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza esinqunyiwe.

Ngokuthi eliphezulu iphuzu efile isikhundla elalihlala piston ekupheleni unhlangothi yayo phezulu, iphuzu phansi efile ubizwa ngokuthi isikhundla matasa ekupheleni travel phansi.

Isu lokungacunuli ibizwa ngokuthi ukuhamba piston komunye isikhungo efile kwenye. Lokufuduka kwakhiwa phezu kwalo uma itholwa ngezinye TDC, ekamelweni omlilo liyipharamitha. injini ukufuduka noma ivolumu ukufuduka - inani ezikhishwe piston uma usuka iphuzu efile. Umthamo uMbhalo - a inani egumbini amandla omlilo ne ukusebenza.

Kokucindezela isilinganiso kuyisici esibalulekile, okuyinto ichazwa isilinganiso ngokugcwele isilinda ivolumu ukuze umthamo isamba egumbini amandla omlilo. Modern olulodwa-cylinder has a isilinganiso zlib of mayelana 10. I single-cylinder ezine-unhlangothi injini has a zlib isilinganiso ephakeme, hhayi ngaphansi kuka-20.

Ezine-unhlangothi injini ekuqaleni lo mvimbo eyanele lapho valve engayitholi ivuleka, lapho i-piston iqala ezihambayo kusukela phezulu maphakathi efile. Ngo inqubo ezihambayo cleaner Kumiswa e uMbhalo bese ezine-unhlangothi injini uthola inhlanganisela air nophethiloli umusi, okuyinto evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-fuel noma fuel-air ingxube.

Ngemva piston BDC kuyokwenzeka, ngenxa ukujikeleza crankshaft, iqala ekhuphukela isikhungo phezulu ufile, okuyinto kubhekwa ekuqaleni unhlangothi kokucindezelwa. Lokhu uvala valve itheku, futhi kulo lonke umjikelezo, kokubili valve zivaliwe. Ingxube ezivuthayo ungaphakathi uMbhalo ngesikhathi displacement we piston ukuze TDC onomfutho, lokushisa nokucindezelwa landa. Kukhona seqiwe lapho kokucindezelwa piston TDC. Kodwa kusukela ngo-inqubo fuel omlilo kuthatha isikhathi esithile ukuze ingxube ezivuthayo ephakamayo kusengaphambili, ngaphambi piston ifinyelela TDC phezu unhlangothi kokucindezelwa. Ingxube ephakamayo i inhlansi kagesi okuyinto kuzuba phakathi electrode we ipulaki. Kusukela ngesikhathi okwaphuma ngaso inhlansi BTDC, i-engeli crank ngokuthi engela precession ukuthungela.

Ngo nabaningi amagesi amandla okudla ezikhishwe phakathi uphethiloli amandla omlilo, ngokucindezela phezu piston, okuyinto abangela injini ukwenza unhlangothi umjikelezo ezine ngesikhathi esilandelayo ezenzeka nge valve uvaliwe piston unhlangothi kusukela TDC ukuze BDC. Exhaust unhlangothi iqala ngemuva unhlangothi. Ivula, valve qeda kanye piston luphokophele TDC, displacing amagesi qeda emkhathini. Khona-ke, ngo-ukulandelana umjikelezo ofanayo iyaphindwa.