Imithetho handball. Handball - imithetho yalo mdlalo. Bangaki neengcezu e handball?

Uhlobo lwamanje lwe-handball lwavuka ngenxa yabalingisi baseDenmark ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-19-20. Wakhelwe ukuthi athathe lo mncintiswano ebusika. Umdlalo uhilela ukusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izingxenye zomzimba, ngaphandle kwemilenze, ngokugoba ibhola emgomweni womphikisi.

Imvelaphi ye-handball ayilungiswanga kahle, njengoba imidlalo efanayo ekhonjisiwe emavesini aphakathi kukaWalter von der Vogelweide.

Usuku olusemthethweni lokuzalwa komdlalo "kwi-handball" ngokuvamile lubhekwa ngo-1898. Uthisha wezemfundo esikoleni edolobheni laseDenmark u-Ordrup Holger Nielsen wethula umdlalo wamacembu omama umdlalo obizwa ngokuthi isibhamu lapho amaqembu ase-7 adlala khona enkundleni encane yokudlala, Umngane futhi uzama ukungena emgomeni womphikisi.

Izifundo zezinkathi zakamuva zibonisa ukuthi i-handball ivela ngisho nangaphambili. Ngo-1890, umdlalo weKhazen wathandwa kakhulu, okuhunyushwa ngokuthi "ukuphonsa, ukuphonsa", okungafani nemithetho ye-handball.

Ngo-1917, uMax Heiser wahlanganisana ne-handbold kanye ne-chazen, ekwakheni umdlalo omusha wabesifazane, obizwa ngokuthi "ibhola lesandla."

Ngo-1918, ukuthuthukiswa kwemifudlana emibili ephikisanayo yomdlalo kwaqala ukubonwa: empumalanga yeKhange yaseCzech, nasentshonalanga nasenyakatho - ibhola le-German.

Ukwakhiwa kwesandla njengemidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe ngo-1926 kwaholela ekusakazeni komdlalo kanye nokuvela kwamaqembu e-handball emazweni amaningi.

Izici zomdlalo

Handball iyinhlangano enhle kakhulu. Ngokungafani nebhola, lapho ungabona khona imigomo embalwa ezuzwe wonke umdlalo, kunokuhlaselwa okuqhubekayo ku-handball. Kodwa lokhu akusiyo basketball, ngoba ibhola liphonswa emgomweni, hhayi emgqeni. Umsebenzi kuloluhlobo lomdlalo uyanzima ngokulingana okwenyuka komgomo kanye nosayizi owenziwe webhola.

Ngo-1914, uDkt. E.F. Maly wakha imithetho ecacile futhi ecacile yokudlala i-handball, kamuva iningi labo lalisetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kwemigomo yemigomo yamazwe omhlaba yalo mdlalo. Singasho ukuthi yi-handball yaseRashiya eyinhlobo yokuqala ephelele yale geyimu emhlabeni.

Lolu hlobo lomncintiswano lusekelwe eqenjini. Imincintiswano igcinwe ngaphakathi endlini, emhlabathini ovulekile, futhi kukhona umbono webala lolomdlalo.

Imibandela yemincintiswano

Ubukhulu bendawo kufanele bube ngu-20 * 40m, nesango - 2 * 3 m. Umdlalo usebenzisa ibhola lobubanzi obuncane, futhi isayizi nesisindo sawo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi abesifazane noma abesilisa abadlali, kanye nesikhathi sabo.

Zingaki izikhathi ku-handball? Umdlalo wonke uhlukaniswe ama-halves amabili emizuzu engu-30, ngokuphazamiseka kwemizuzu engu-10. Umgomo womcimbi ukuphonsa inombolo enkulu yebhola emgomeni weqembu eliphikisayo, futhi awukwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle komugqa obeka isikhala phambi komgomo. Umdlalo uqala ngokuphonsa kunoma iyiphi indlela ukusuka enkabeni yenkantolo. Zonke izenzo zamathimba okudlala zihlolwe ngabahluleli ababili.

Njengendlela yokuvimbela impilo, okungukuthi, isakhiwo sezemidlalo, umdlalo we-handball utholakala kalula futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ngokuphathelene nebhola, ibhola basketball ne-volleyball, iphumelela kakhulu, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezithile ezingaziwa kakhulu. Loluhlobo lwemidlalo lungenziwa nanoma ubani.

Kuphephile futhi kunenkululeko yentando yeningi kunabanye abaningi, njengoba akudingi amakhono akhethekile okuthola ibhola noma idatha yomzimba. Ukugwema ukuhlukunyezwa ekuhlaselweni nasekuvikeleni, okusho ukuthi, ukulwa nempi, i-handball kulula kakhulu ukuzivumelanisa namaqembu ezempilo yabantu abadala nabantu asebekhulile amazinga ahlukene empilo kanye nezingane, amaqembu omusha wokuqina komzimba jikelele . Othisha abaningi basebenzisa uhlelo lokukhipha ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba ezikoleni eziphakathi esikoleni.

Lolu hlobo lwemidlalo luyinto elula ngoba lungenziwa noma kuphi: ogwini, echibini, endaweni yokuzivocavoca, emgwaqweni, usebenzisa noma yiliphi ibhola kanye nemishini encane.

Handball: imithetho yomdlalo

1. Ukuqala komdlalo. Ekuqaleni komdlalo, ufaka ibhola phakathi nensimu. Umhlanganyeli othola i-pitch kumele abe sebanga elingamamitha amathathu. Ukuthunyelwa okunjalo kungenziwa phakathi komncintiswano ngemuva komgomo owanikwa noma ekuqaleni kwesiqingatha esilandelayo.

Amalungu weqembu avunyelwe ukuthinta ibhola nganoma yiziphi izingxenye zomzimba, ngaphandle kwemilenze, isibalo se-handball sivunyelwe, futhi insimu ingasuswa ngokukhululekile, ihola ibhola iphinde idlulise ibhola. Umlingani uvunyelwe ukuphonsa ibhola kuphela uma engaphezu kwamamitha amathathu kude naye.

3. Lo mdlalo unemithetho embalwa elula kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokudlula noma ukuphonsa ibhola emgomweni womphikisi, umhlanganyeli ngamunye unelungelo lokuligcina imizuzwana emithathu kuphela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo nebhola esesandleni, ungenza izinyathelo ezingu-3, ungasaphinde, khona-ke uzodlulisela komunye umuntu.

4. Yini umgcini wegoli angayenza lapho edlala i-handball?

• Ukuze uvikele indawo yesango, ungathinta ibhola nanoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, kuhlanganise nemilenze.
• Phonsa ibhola ngaphakathi kwendawo yomgomo.
• Yiya enkundleni yokudlala futhi uhlanganyele ngokuqondile empini ibhola, usebenzisa imithetho jikelele yesandla.

5. Yini umgcini wezinyawo angenakuyenza?

• Ukuveza umphikisi engozini, ukuvikela indawo yakho.
• Shiya umugqa womgomo nebhola.
• Thinta ibhola ngaphandle komugqa kuze kube yilapho omunye umdlali ethinta.
• Buyisela ibhola emuva esangweni.
• Dlulisa umugqa ovimbela umgcini wezinhloso, ngenkathi umphikisi, eqhuba ukuphonswa kwamamitha angu-7, akazange afake ibhola.

6. Ibhola ibhekwa nini?

• Lapho egoqa ngaphesheya komkhakha wensimu ngesiphambeko somunye wabahlanganyeli, kulokhu, ithimba eliphikisayo lifaka ibhola emdlalweni kusukela ekudluleleni kwangaphambili komngcele wensimu.
• Uma ibhola liwela umugqa womgomo ngokusebenzisa iphutha lomgcini wezinyawo noma umhlaseli, kulokhu umgcini wezinyawo ufaka isinyathelo.
• Uma kwenzeka ibhola lithinta ugwadule, umphenyi udonse ibhola eliphikisanayo ngokuliphonsa emoyeni.

7. Ukuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngesikhathi segeyimu, abaqeqeshi bamaqembu womabili, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bangaki ukuhamba kwesandla, bangathatha isikhathi esisodwa ngomzuzu owodwa. Ijaji lingamisa isikhathi futhi umemezele ukuhamba kwesikhathi ezimweni eziningana:

• Ukungafaneleka nokuqoshwa kokususwa emdlalweni amaminithi amabili.
• Inhloso yokuphonswa kwamamitha ayisikhombisa.
• Ukuphulwa kwemithetho yokufaka esikhundleni noma ukuhoxiswa kwisayithi somdlali owengeziwe.
• Uma abahluleli kudingeka baxoxe.

8. Ngabe abahlanganyeli bayithatha indawo bani? Ku-handball, abadlali bangashintshwa izikhathi ezingenamkhawulo. Ilungu lethimba elifaka indawo lingangena emkhakheni kuphela emva kokuba umdlali we-handball esikhundleni esishiye. Ukudlulela kwabahlanganyeli kwenziwa kuphela ngensimu yokufaka esikhundleni. Imithetho efanayo iyalandelwa uma ishintsha abadlali.

9. Uma kwenzeka ukwephulwa komthetho, ukususwa kwemizuzu emibili kumdlalo kunikezwe. Uma imithetho ye-handball iphulwa ngabathile abadlali abaningana, khona-ke kuphela owokuqala kubo ojeziswa ngokususwa, futhi umdlalo uqhubeka ngemuva kokukhishwa kwamahhala kwethimba eliphikisayo.

10. Uma umdlali owengeziwe engena emkhakheni noma engenelela empini yokulwa endaweni yokufaka indawo, uhlawuliswa imizuzu emibili, futhi iqembu ngalesi sikhathi liyaqhubeka nokuhlanganyela ekubunjisweni okunciphile. Ukuphikisana kuyaqhubeka ngemuva kokuncintisana kweqembu lokudlala mahhala.

11. Passive game. Ithimba elihola ibhola kumele liholele endaweni yokuhlaselwa bese liphonsa esangweni lesitha. Uma ukudluliselwa kwebhola kusuka endaweni evikelekile kuya endaweni yokuhlasela kubambezelekile, khona-ke kubhekwa njengemidlalo engavamile. Ithimba lihlawuliswa ngokukhululeka okuvela endaweni lapho ibhola lalisesikhathini sokumiswa komdlalo. Ukuphonsa kwamahhala kwenziwa yithimba eliphikisayo. Ukuphatha okunjalo kungenziwa yithimba ngenhloso yokwelula isikhathi se-handball futhi ungavumeli abaphikisi ukuthi badlale ibhola. Uma ijaji liye laqaphela umzamo omncane wokuqhuba amaqhinga, ngoba ekuqaleni uxwayisa eqenjini. Uma le ndlela iqhubeka, ukuphonswa kwamahhala kunikezwa ngokumelene nabadlali abambe ibhola.

Imithetho ye-Handball ivumela:

• Ukuze uvimbele futhi uthathe ibhola, sebenzisa izandla zakho.
• Sebenzisa isundu elivulekile ukuze unqobe ibhola esandleni somphikisi.
• Khusela isidumbu somphikisi, noma ngabe unebhola.
• Ukuvimbela izenzo zabaphikisi, thinta izandla zakhe phambili.

E-handball ayivunyelwe:

• Gcoba ibhola ezandleni zomphikisi.
• Ukuvimbela noma ukuphikisa umphikisi ngezinyawo nangezandla zakhe.
• Yenza noma yisiphi isenzo esingokwenyama: ukugxuma kumphikisi, ukuhlambalaza, ukuphoqa, ukubamba, ukubamba ibhande noma noma yisiphi isenzo esingasongela.

Ngokuya ngobukhulu bokuphulwa ngalunye kulolu hlobo lokuncintisana, njenge-handball, imithetho yegeyimu ivumela ukuba kuqala isixwayiso, bese kukhishwa iminithi emibili, imitha eliyisikhombisa noma ukuphonsa mahhala noma ngisho nokungafanelekile.

Izinyathelo zesigwebo zisetshenziswa ngezinga lokunyuka. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umhlanganyeli ehlukumeza abanye, ubabeka engozini kungakhathaliseki ukuphumula noma isikhathi somdlalo, angakwazi ukuvunyelwa ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.

Ukuphonswa kwamamitha angu-7 kungabelwa ekucatshangweni kwephula okukhulu, okungaqondile ngqo noma okubangele ngokuqondile ukumisa okulandelayo komncintiswano. Lokhu kuphonswa kwenziwa kusukela ebangeni lamamitha ayisikhombisa kusuka endaweni yesango, kulokhu, abathintekayo abanalo ilungelo lokuphazamisa nganoma iyiphi indlela nomdlali, beyithatha ibhola. Umgcini wamanje ngalesi sikhathi akanelungelo lokuya ngaphesheya kwendawo yesango le-4-meter ngaphesheya komugqa ocacisiwe.

Ukuhlaselwa esangweni

Abahluleli bazoshaya umgomo uma ibhola liye lafinyelela ngokuphelele ububanzi bomugqa wamagoli, uma nje imithetho efanele yomdlali ilandelwa. Ngalokhu konke lokhu kubheka eduze ijaji, ngubani osegameni lomgomo. Uma konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, uzobonisa ukuthi umgomo ulandelwe.

Umgomo utholakale ngisho noma ilungu leqembu elivikelayo livumela ukungalungi ngesikhathi kushaya ibhola.

I-hit ayibalwa uma umgcini wesikhathi noma ijaji ephazamisa umdlalo kuze kube yilapho ibhola liwela ngokuphelele umugqa womgomo.

Umgomo ungadluliselwa eqenjini labaphikisi uma umncintiswana engozini ehlasela umgomo wakhe, ngaphandle kwesikhashana, ikhodi ibulawa ukuphonsa umgcini wegoli.

Izicathulo ezifanelekayo ze-handball

Kulo mdlalo kunengqondo ukusebenzisa ama-sneakers. Banikeza ukunamathela okuqinile endaweni ephansi. Inzuzo yabo eyengeziwe ilula ekuhambeni nasekugijimeni, eyenziwe ukuguquguquka okuhle kokumuncwa okuwukuphela komuntu nokwethuka. Emakethe yanamuhla kunezinketho eziningi ezifanele kulezi zimingcele. Umdlali ngamunye manje angakhetha imodeli efanelekayo.

Yiziphi izindawo okufanele ifomu le-handball libe nalo?

Imithetho yomdlalo inquma izidingo ze-handball. Phakathi nomdlalo wonke, ubude obuphelele behora elingu-1 nemizuzu engu-10, amaqembu aphikisanayo azama ukushaya imigomo eminingi ngangokunokwenzeka emgomweni. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ikhanda, izinqulu, izandla, umzimba namadolo, kanti omunye umhlanganyeli akumelwe abambe ibhola iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-3 noma asebenze naye ngezinyathelo ezingaphezu kwezingu-3.

Ngomdlalo onjalo osebenzayo, ifomu le-handball kufanele likuvumele ukuthi uhambe ungaphenduliwe, ube namandla namandla. Ikati ngalinye lomhlanganyeli lihlanganisa i-T-shirt kanye namashothikhathi, ngokuvamile anemibala ehlukene. Lapho ukhetha ifomu lezemidlalo, kubalulekile ukuba unake yonke imininingwane: ikhwalithi yendwangu, ukugqoka, ukusikeka, isitayela, umthunzi, njll.

Isigqoko sezinqola sihluke kwizingubo zabahlanganyeli emkhakheni ngoba kuvaliwe, lokhu kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ubuhlungu bokuthi ibhekwe ibhola. Emva kwakho konke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kaningi kangakanani esandleni se-handball, ukuqeqeshwa kuthatha isikhathi eside. Ngesikhathi segeyimu, ukuxhumana okuwehla nokuvala phakathi kwabahlanganyeli kungenzeka. Ukwakha izingubo ezinjalo, izindwangu ezikhethekile zokugqoka zinezakhiwo eziqinile futhi eziqinile.

Ngomzabalazo wezobuchwepheshe, njengoba umthetho, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezimbili zokugqoka: ukuqeqesha nokudlala. Bahluke ekubunjweni kwendwangu nesitayela.

Izindwangu eziqukethe amaphesenti amakhulu amafayili okotini zinomoya ongcono kakhulu futhi zihlinzeke ngenduduzo enkulu emasokisini, kodwa zilahlekelwa yifomu yazo yasekuqaleni ngokushesha futhi zilula. Ukufaka esikhundleni sekotini kwaqala ukufika kwezingcingo zokwenza izinto ezingasheshe zisuse umswakama owedlulele, gcina umumo futhi usule ngokushesha, ngeke zivele zihlanjululwe futhi ziqiniswe, futhi ukuzinakekela zilula.

Handball

Yonke imithetho ibhola lebhola le-handball lidalwe kusuka kwento yokwenza izinto ngesisekelo se-polyurethane noma esikhwameni semvelo. Ubuso bayo kufanele babe nezinto zokulwa nesilayidi. Ngaphansi kwalo ungqimba lwe-foam, okuhlinzeka ukuthobeka kwebhola. Njengomthetho, kufanele kube okunamandla kulokhu okuthinta ukuze kukhuliswe ukuthunjwa kwalo. Phakathi nomdlalo, abathintekayo abaningi basebenzisa i-handball mastic, inikeza ukuxhumana okungenzeka okukhulu phakathi kwesundu nebhola.

Ama-ball ukuncintisana ama-beach ayenziwa nge-rabri ye-foam enobuso obushelelezi nabomile. Ngokuvamile bangatholakala emibala ekhanyayo.

Amakhulu amakhulu amabhola for handball:

• Ibhola elinombuthano wama-50-52 cm linesisindo sika 290-330 g. Ukusetshenziswa kwegeyimu - kumaqembu amantombazane nabafana iminyaka engu-8-14.
• Ibhola elinesisindo esingama-54-56 cm sinesisindo sika 325-375 g. Lisetshenziselwa amaqembu abesifazane besifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-14 ubudala kanye namathimba amadoda emva kweminyaka engu-16.
• Ibhola, eliguqulelwe ukudlala amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engu-16 ubudala, linomjikelezo wama-58-60 cm futhi lilinganisa u-425-475 g.

Indalo nokuthuthukiswa kwe-handball ebhishi

Umdlalo uvela kuma-90 ekhulu lekhulu lama-20. I-handball yasebhangi ngokoqobo yathandwa futhi yazuza abayithandayo nabathandayo.

Ukuthandwa kwakhe kwakungenxa yezici eziningana:

• Amaphuzu angeziwe ebhola elihle kakhulu kumgomo womphikisi.
• Imithetho engahambisani nayo.
• Umdlalo omuhle.

Ngokuphathelene nesibhakabhaka se-handball sasendulo kunezici eziningana ezihlukile, ngakho kubonakala njengezemidlalo ezizimele.

Ibhola le-handball laseRussia laqala ukuthuthukisa ngamandla aphelele ekuqaleni kwawo-2000. Kulo mdlalo kuphakeme kunabo bonke abadlali bamaNtaliyane, kodwa ngobuchwepheshe nokuthandwa, basuke bephansi kunabameleli bamazwe alandelayo:

• I-Russia.
• Ukraine.
• I-Belarus.
• ESpain.
• I-Holland.
• Greece.

Imithetho yokudlala yemidlalo nemishini edingekayo yomdlalo

Imithetho ethuthukayo yalolu hlobo lomdlalo ingxoxo ehlukile. Bafakwe yiwo wonke amaNtaliyane afanayo nomqondo we-beachballball.

Ngokwezimo, ithimba ngalinye linabantu abangu-8, ababili babo abagcini bezinhloso. Emkhakheni wokudlala kumele ube ngabadlali abangu-4, omunye wabo ngumgcini wegoli. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amalungu omabili amaqembu kufanele agqoke ngendlela ehlukile futhi ahambe ngezinyawo. Ungakwazi ukugqoka amasokisi noma ukubopha izinyawo zakho.

Umgomo uthola kuphela uma ibhola liwela ngokuphelele umugqa wendalo, futhi uma ukuphonswa kwabulawa kahle futhi kuhle, amaphuzu amabili ahlonishwa ngawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba umgomo wanezela amaphuzu amabili, uma kwenziwa kude namamitha angu-6, noma uma ebulawa ngumgcini wezinyawo. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nangokwehlukana okukhulu emiphumeleni yamaqembu, kuhlale kunokwenzeka ukuvumelanisa i-akhawunti.

Ubukhulu bendawo kufanele bube ngamamitha angu-27 ubude, ubude obuyi-12 m ububanzi obubanzi, okulingana no-3 m ubude no-2 m ubude.

Ukuze umdlalo esetshenziswa ibhola enesisindo 350 g / 55 cm selilonke abesilisa inketho lula abesifazane - 300 g / 50 cm.

imincintiswano

Ibhishi handball okwamanje elibamba imincintiswano eminingi, Championships European futhi izwe. Imidlalo ebanjwa amaqembu amadoda kanye yabesifazane uhlobo exubile. Kule minyaka embalwa kuye kwaba usizo olukhulu eyandayo imincintiswano zezingane e beach handball.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi lolwandle handball ongene izwe ezingeni phezulu ngoba 2000. Ngenxa yalokho zomhlaba ubuqhawe lokuqala eRussia, Ukraine kanye Belarus bakwazi iningi imiklomelo imincintiswano zabo bobubili ubulili.

Namuhla, Handball akuyona esikhundleni futhi limatasa ekuthuthukiseni eRussia. Kulabo abafuna ukwakha yesikole yesifunda, ethimbeni kwabadlali bethu esikhathini esizayo kungaba kalula ukunqoba isihloko.