Imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwezinto ngolimi olulula. theory ka-Einstein ye kwezinto

SRT, Toe - ngaphansi kwale nema efihla cishe zonke ajwayelekile elithi "inkolelo-mbono wokuhlobana kwezinto". Ngamagama alula, ungakwazi ukuchaza konke, ngisho kusho ubuhlakani, ngakho ungalilahli ithemba uma ungakhumbuli physics esikoleni esiphakeme, ngoba empeleni lula kunalokho kubonakala.

nucleation theory

Asiqale course "Awetiyori ye-Relativity for Dummies." U-Albert Einstein enyathelisa incwadi yakhe ngo-1905, futhi yavusa elikhulu resonance phakathi kwezazi. Lo mbono cishe ngokuphelele ihlanganisa izikhala eziningi nokushintshashintsha ku physics kwekhulu elidlule, kodwa futhi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, waphenduka umbono space kanye nesikhathi. Ngo eziningi Einstein ababephila ngesikhathi ukwamukelwa kwakunzima ukukukholelwa, kodwa ucwaningo nocwaningo kufakazela amagama usosayensi omkhulu kuphela.

theory ka-Einstein ye kwezinto ngolimi olulula wachaza ukuthi lapho abantu balwa eminyaka. It kungenziwa ngokuthi isisekelo sakho konke physics zanamuhla. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba siqhubeka ukukhuluma ngale ndlela ngemfundiso yokuziphendukela kwezinto, kubalulekile ukucacisa imigomo. Ngiqinisekile abaningi ukufunda sihloko isayensi ethandwa, sibhekene nema ezimbili: SRT futhi GRT. Empeleni, izinto ezimbi eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Okokuqala - lokhu theory okhethekile wokuhlobana kwezinto, kanye nezinye imele "inkolelo-mbono evamile wokuhlobana kwezinto."

Cishe nje eziyinkimbinkimbi

STO - ingaphezu imfundiso yokuziphendukela ubudala, kamuva elaba ingxenye theory jikelele wokuhlobana kwezinto. Kungaba kubhekwe izinqubo kuphela ngokomzimba ngoba izinto ezinyakazayo ngesilinganiso esifanayo. Imfundiso jikelele angachaza kwenzakalani nge izinto kuyashesha, futhi uchaze ukuthi kungani kukhona izinhlayiya Graviton namandla adonsela phansi.

Uma ufuna ukuchaza ezinyakazayo kanye nemithetho Mechanics, kanye nobuhlobo space kanye nesikhathi njengoba sisondela ijubane lokukhanya - kungenza imfundiso yokuziphendukela okhethekile wokuhlobana kwezinto. Ngamagama alula zingachazwa kanje: isibonelo, abangani Ngokuzayo okuniké mkhathi ezikwazi ukundiza ngesivinini. On the ekhaleni we isibhamu mkhathi kuwufanele, uyakwazi izinhlayiyana eziningi zokukhanya ukudubula konke kuza phambili.

Lapho shot yenzelwa, isihlobo umkhumbi ukuze izinhlayiya ukuhambisa nge velocity yokukhanya, kodwa ingqapheli ngokunengqondo umile has ukubona isamba ngesivinini ezimbili (izinhlayiyana eziningi zokukhanya ngokwabo futhi umkhumbi). Kodwa lutho kanje. Obuka uzobona izinhlayiyana eziningi zokukhanya, ezihambayo ngesivinini 300,000 km / s, uma ijubane umkhumbi wawususukile zero.

Into wukuthi kungakhathaliseki ngesivinini esingakanani ezihambayo into, ijubane lokukhanya ngaye khona ubukhulu bayo njalo.

Lesi sitatimende kuyinto esemqoka yesiteleka okucatshangwayo ezifana ukuhlanekezela kanye deceleration sikhathi, kuncike mass Isivinini into. Yilesi isisekelo izindaba eziningi yesayensi amafilimu kanye uchungechunge TV.

Theory Jikelele ye-Relativity

Ngamagama alula zingachazwa futhi voluminous more kwezinto jikelele. Ukuze uqale acabangele yokuthi isikhala zethu ezine-ntathu. Isikhathi nendawo ehlangana "isifundo" ngokuthi "isikhala-time continuum." Kulesi isikhala, kukhona ezine Ukudidiyela izimbazo: x, y, z kanye t.

Kodwa abantu ngeke kuthathwe ngqo Ubukhulu ezine, kanye nabantu yezinto flat abahlala emhlabeni mgudumbili, asikwazanga ukumbheka. Empeleni, umhlaba wethu kuphela kwelivi isikhala ezine-ntathu.

Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi, ngokuvumelana kwezinto jikelele, umzimba ayishintshi ngesikhathi ezinyakazayo. Objects emhlabeni ezine-ntathu empeleni into efanayo njalo, futhi uma ushayela ushintsho kuphela projection zabo, okuyinto siyaqonda njengoba isikhathi ukuhlanekezela, zincishiswe noma ukwanda ngobukhulu nokunye.

Linga ikheshi

Theory wokuhlobana kwezinto ngolimi olulula ungakwazi ukutshela nge umcabango experiment kancane. Zicabange ikheshi. Idokodo likaDavide eyayibekwe iragela phambili, futhi sibone ukuthi esimweni weightlessness. Kwenzekeni? Izizathu ingase ibe ezimbili: noma ikheshi kungaba emkhathini noma ukuwa khulula bedle adonsela phansi kule planethi. Into ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ukuthi awukwazi ukuthola imbangela yezimpawu weightlessness, uma ungakwazi ukubheka ngaphandle lift gumbi, okungukuthi, izinqubo ezimbili zibukeka zifana.

Mhlawumbe wachitha efanayo ukucabanga sokuhlola, u-Albert Einstein wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi uma izimo ezimbili kukhona izakhamuzi zaseBosnia zifana kusuka komunye nomunye, kusho ukuthi eqinisweni umzimba ngaphansi kwethonya adonsela phansi akuyona kuyashesha, kuba ngisho ukunyakaza ukuthi uzimisele ngaphansi kwethonya umzimba omkhulu (kuleli cala, kule planethi ). Ngakho, ukuhamba yashesha - lena kuphela kwelivi motion iyunifomu emkhathini ngakuthathu.

isifundo

Esinye isibonelo esihle ku "Ukuhlobana Theory ngoba Dummies." Yena akunembile, kodwa ilula kakhulu futhi ezibukwayo. Uma indwangu welulela ukubeka iyiphi into, it yakha a "kuka", "uphondo". Zonke umzimba ezincane ziyophoqeleka ukuba phendulela trajectory ngokusho ugobile esisha isikhala, futhi uma umzimba amandla ashukunyiswa, ke ngokuvamile ngeke bakwazi ukumelana le uphondo. Nokho, kusukela iphuzu Ngenxa into yokuhamba, trajectory umugqa eqondile, ungazizwa ukugoba isikhala.

Gravity is "zehliswa ezikhundleni"

Njengoba sekunama-kwezinto jikelele, amandla adonsela phansi akuseyona amandla futhi manje aneliseke isikhundla phetho elula yokuthi ugobile space kanye nesikhathi. GRT kungase kubonakale kumnandi, kodwa inguqulo ukusebenza futhi baqinisekisa ngokukwenza.

Kuningi ezibonakala Amazing ezweni lethu ungakwazi ukuchaza imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwezinto. Ngamagama alula lezi zinto ngokuthi imiphumela wokuhlobana kwezinto jikelele. Ngokwesibonelo, imisebe yokukhanya, endiza ibangana izidumbu omkhulu, kukhona banana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto eziningi isikhala esijulile afihliwe komunye nomunye, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi imisebe yokukhanya bend emhlabeni nezinye izindikimba, amehlo ethu (noma kunalokho, amehlo isibonakude) ziyatholakala, izinto ezibonakala ongabonakali. Konke okufanayo, ukubheka ngokusebenzisa izindonga.

Kukhula amandla adonsela phansi, ukugeleza kancane phezu isikhathi into. Lokhu akusebenzi nje kuphela imizimba omkhulu ezifana neutron izinkanyezi noma izimbobo omnyama. Umthelela isikhathi Ukuvuleka komlomo kungabonakala nasemkhakheni ngisho emhlabeni. Ngokwesibonelo, amadivayisi satellite navigation ifakwe iwashi eqondile athomu. Ziyakwazi emzileni iplanethi, futhi ngenkathi lapho kuboniswe ngophawu kancane ngokushesha. Hundredths of a lesibili ngosuku kamuva ozokhula figure, okunikela abafika kwabangu-10 km nephutha kulesi sibalo umzila emhlabeni. Bala iphutha siwuvumele kube imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwezinto.

Ngamagama alula ungaboniswa njengoba: kwezinto jikelele oluyisisekelo ubuchwepheshe eziningi zanamuhla, sibonga Einstein, singayeka kalula ukuthola ezinkampani endaweni pizza emakhazeni nomtapo wezincwadi.