Icala zokuphatha

Umqondo "icala zokuphatha" kuvamile umkhuba umthetho. Mayelana nencazelo eyisisekelo yegama leli gama ungaphakathi umthwalo emacaleni athize, okuyinto aqala ukuhlasela nalokho udweshu emphakathini, amalungelo nenkululeko yezakhamizi, nokuningi.

icala Administrative libhekene nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo. Okokuqala, kungenxa ezimweni eziningi 'idla yodwa, okusho kwephula izithakazelo isimo, isakhamuzi noma iqembu labantu. Okwesibili, lapho protivopraven: benza okuhloswe ngaso ukuhlukumeza yamazinga (engahle hhayi kuphela nezokuphatha). Futhi kule icala libhekene wecala (ie isinyathelo izimisele ngamabomu noma ngokusebenzisa ukunganaki), okuyinto yayivame enkantolo.

Esikhathini izincwadi zomthetho uchaza ukuthi kumila umthwalo zokuphatha kungaba izinhlobo ezimbili: zokulawula kanye oluyiqiniso. Kulo mBhalo - ke siphelile ephelele ngalo kungenzeka isijeziso isicelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, base kungenzeka umthetho, okulandelayo esebenza umthwalo wokuphatha.

Ungabona isibonelo esibonisa lolu hlobo ukuhlukumeza. abafundi ababili bewela emgwaqweni ukukhanya green. Nokho, lapho sebeseduze phakathi komgwaqo, kuhlanganise obomvu, futhi esikhundleni sokulinda, banquma ukuwela okusele. Umshayeli imoto kokuqhubekela ngisheshe ukwedlula isikhundla kule ndaba, ngemva kokuba braked, yena waba kuyiswe kwindlela okuphambene, ngase ibhasi. Izimoto ishayisane, kodwa akekho owalimala. Kulokhu, abenza lesi sigameko wenza okuyicala zokuphatha (kuphula umthetho we imithetho yomgwaqo futhi ukushayela ngesivinini ngokweqile), ngakho-ke, kumele bajeza ke. Futhi e ukwephulwa zibala ukuvela endaweni yomphakathi esimweni kakhulu ukudakwa, ukweba izinto ezincane (kufika ku $ ayizinkulungwane), ukuziphatha ngokungafanele, ukulwa, nokunye. D. Ngokuvamile ngesimo Ziyisijeziso wakhipha esihle, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuba bokuhlukaniswa inkululeko isikhathi esifushane ( izinsuku akukho kuka 15).

Umthwalo wemfanelo lolu hlobo inikezwa eRussia iminyaka 16. Kubantu abasha abaye icala zokuphatha, ukusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo ezishiwo ngu ilungiselelo umsebenzi okhethekile ezindabeni engamahlongandlebe. Nokho, uma umuntu ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 izimisele ukweba izinto ezincane kwempahla yomphakathi, ngaphandle ngokungalidli yokugcwalisa nezidingo amaphoyisa, abephula imithetho yomgwaqo nokunye. N. He waklonyeliswa isigwebo nsuku jikelele.

Ngakho, ngo-isibonelo ngenhla, intsha (abahamba ngezinyawo) baye isexwayiso, futhi umshayeli wahlawuliswa e inani amaholo. Kuleso simo, uma kamuva uthola ukuthi wayesesokhalweni isimo zokudakwa, ukuze kungashiwo isicelo izinyathelo ezibophayo kakhulu (isib, nokuswela kwamalungelo isikhathi eside). Endabeni ukuxhashazwa (izimpi, uthuka abanye ezindaweni zomphakathi, nokunye. D.) Lowo ocasule kungenziwa Kuboshwe kuze kufike izinsuku ezingu-15. Kulokhu, lo muntu ababoshiwe kafushane, futhi kungenzeka ukuyisebenzisa umsebenzi ngokomzimba ngaphandle amaholo. Ngokuvamile lokhu isilinganiso isetshenziswa ukumamatheka, uma ieala zokuphatha uzibophezele ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Ngakho, ukunqunywa inhlawulo, nokuswela kwamalungelo, isixwayiso, abathethise - indlela ekujezisweni, injongo okuyinto ukuvimbela amacala okwalandela, kanye nemfundo lomuntu yokuthi bahlonipha umthetho nokuhleleka. Okwamanje kushintshiwe iziqondiso eziningi, ikakhulukazi mayelana imithetho yomgwaqo emgwaqeni, ukuthi izinyathelo kokuqina isicelo ephule. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi zibhekane nemiphumela yezenzo zazo, njalo isakhamuzi.