Art. 31 LC RF: Amalungelo nemisebenzi ye izakhamuzi, abahlala ndawonye nomnikazi lingelakhe egumbini lokuphumula

Ngenxa yobuciko. 31 LC RF ihlinzeka Ukuqonda ngokucacile zonke amalungelo kungenzeka, imisebenzi, imisebenzi kanye nezinye izici sokuhlala of inqwaba abantu endaweni ethile ephilayo. Ngokujwayelekile, kubonakala nje usetha ithuba lomthetho ukuxoxisana kanye kusombulula tinchabano tabo ngokwanele, kodwa kungaba aye enkantolo, lapho, ngemva kokucabangisisa izonqunywa okulungile noma okungalungile, uma kunesidingo. Ngokuvamile, ngemva ezinjalo eziphilayo okwengeziwe ndawonye kuba okungenani ungakhululekile Nokho, mhlawumbe, nokuningi kweqiniso ngokuya ngomthetho. Ezimweni eziningi, yakhetha le ndlela kakade labo izimo lapho akunakwenzeka ukuxazulula inkinga bebodwa ngoba ngenxa yezizathu eziningana isehlukaniso, ezifana, ukushayisana sina kwezinhloso zenzuzo, izinkinga zemali, nokunye okunjalo, akusho ezivuna ohlangothini elilodwa noma ezinye.

Yikuphi ilawulwa Article 31 RF LC

Art. 31 Ezezindlu Ikhodi ulawula ubudlelwane eziphakama phakathi umnikazi ngqo izakhiwo, kanye nabo bonke abantu abahlala khona. Futhi kumayelana kokubili amalungu omndeni kanye nezinye abaqashile ezingaba khona. Sinenkosi yemfanelo bebodwa, amalungelo kanye namathuba ukuthi kumelwe kucaciswe ngokwehlukile.

Isivumelwano kungaba yiluphi uhlobo etholakalayo, kuze ngomlomo, kodwa uma ngokuvamile kubalulekile kubantu abaseduze, nabantu abangakholwa eyisakhamuzi Kunconywa ukungena esivumelwaneni ehlukile, lapho uhlu konke engakwenza, noma ukwenze, zonke izidingo, izimo kanye nokunye okufana nalokho, izakhi. Kwezinye izimo, kuyasiza ngempumelelo ukuxazulula umbango esivuna iziqashi, kodwa ngokuvamile ngaphansi Art. 31 LCD enkantolo Russian umkhuba kangangokuthi amalungelo namanje ingumnikazi.

Noma kunjalo, ukuliqonda eningiliziwe ubudlelwane, ukwabelana nethonya elihle ekuphileni futhi kungavimbela eziningi nezimo ezingajabulisi ezingase kakhulu ukulimaza kokubili ubudlelwane futhi ukuphila kwabo bonke abantu abahlala kule egumbini elilodwa.

Into 1. Ubani obhekwa njengesikhonzi ilungu lomndeni

P. 1 Art. 31 LCD RF uchaza umbuthano lwabantu angasebenza emndenini umnikazi. Esikhathini esizayo, lokhu kuqonda ziyohamba kahle izici kwalo mthetho. Ngakho, kusobala ukuthi amalungu omndeni abhekwa umngane womshado noma umngane womshado nezingane nabazali yomnikazi. Ngokwesibonelo, ingane Engxenyeni yesibili kusukela kwenye umshado isivele kulolu hlu asisebenzi, kanye unina noyise.

Nokho, noma yimuphi izihlobo nezinye izakhamuzi, ngandlela-thile ezihlobene umnikazi nezinye (kokubili eduze futhi engangeneki), kungaba kubhekwe njengengxenye yomkhaya omkhulu, uma umnikazi uyavuma kule futhi ekuqaleni ababengaphansi kwemibuso yakwamanye amazwe enabo ekamelweni ngaphansi kwalesi isimo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma oshade naye umama ngokuvumelana h. 1 tbsp. 31 Ezezindlu Ikhodi, ayikwazi kufakwe zithako. Nokho, uma uhlala endlini umnikazi nge kwemvume yakhe, kungase futhi kubhekwe njengomunye wezinye amalungu omndeni.

Qaphela ukuthi okufanayo kungenziwa mayelana bangaphandle ngokuphelele ezifana okuhamba phambili kwe-abangane, esisebenza nabo, nobuntu efanayo, kodwa umnikazi kufanele kube ncamashi uqinisekile wabo, lezi izakhamuzi kufanele ajabulele ithemba okukhulu nokunye. Kungenjalo, ungase ube izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, impikiswano noma zibe yingozi, futhi lapho kufanele kugwenywe ngokusebenzisa ulwazi st.1-31 RF LCD.

Into 2. nemalungelo kanye netibopho amalungu omndeni

Lesi sigaba nje kokuthi kwakuyoba umphumela lowo odlule, ngoba likhuluma ngalokho anga noma angeke kwenze kube ilungu lomndeni. Ngakho, ngokuhambisana neNgxenye. 2 tbsp. 31 Ezezindlu Ikhodi, ngokwakhona, banabo imisebenzi efanayo kanye namalungelo abase-umnikazi ungakwazi ukujabulela konke-ke uyawuthanda, kuncike ukulondolozwa kwezindlu kanye ukungabikho amanye amalungiselelo.

Lokho, isibonelo, izingane yomnikazi abe yikho konke okufanayo njengoba naye enza. Kulokhu, ngokushesha wabonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ephetha izivumelwano ezengeziwe, okuyinto kungase kushintshwe izici eziningi umniningwane wokuphila kwansuku zonke. Isibonelo elula angabhekwa isivumelwano ngamazwi phakathi abashadayo, okuyinto unomthwalo ukuhlanza indlu, futhi yena egeza izitsha. Yebo, ezingavamile ezifana iqinile ngokuvumelana nemithetho ephepheni, kodwa ngisho ingxoxo elula mayelana zinkantolo ukuba ngempela ngokwanele.

Kukhona ezinye izinketho eyinkimbinkimbi ubudlelwano kukhona, lapho abantu ngokusemthethweni njengoba amalungu omkhaya othile, cishe izihambi komunye nomunye, kungcono art. 31 LC RF futhi inikeza. Sekuvele kukhona kungase kube imithetho mayelana nokusebenzisa ekhishini, izindlu zangasese, kuvinjelwe ngokuvakashela ikamelo lomuntu ngaphandle sokuba khona kwakhe, njalo njalo. Lapho isimo esinjengalesi izinkontileka kwakha luhlaka in ifomu ephepheni akukhona okungavamile ukuba likhithike, njengoba ngamunye uzizwa unelungelo ukuvikela amalungelo abo (ukubalekela imithwalo yemfanelo yokuba khumbula ezingavamile).

Isigaba 3. namalungelo nezibopho amalungu omndeni ekhubazekile

Le ngxenye umlayo kawusiwo ngomusa omkhulu. essence yayo itholakala iqiniso ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amandla umuntu, okuyinto ingxenye yomkhaya, namanje unamalungelo efanayo kanye nezibopho njengoba phi nye. Ngokuvamile, isinqumo esifanele, kodwa inqobo kweyunithi ezanele emphakathini. Uma amalungelo zonke kulungile futhi kufaneleka ke nazi ezinye imisebenzi, ngokomlando h. 3 tbsp. 31 Ezezindlu Ikhodi, ukuze kwenziwe, kungaba nje ezingafinyeleleki umuntu ehlatshwa. Njengomthetho, akekho ayidingi umuntu okhubazekile ukuthi uyothatha isinyathelo ukuze ngendlela efanayo njengoba umuntu enempilo, kodwa inkantolo sikhathi akazange inendima ekhethekile.

Ngokuvamile, umkhuba ezithile ziyabhekelelwa, kodwa ke eziningi evela kumnikazi kuncike ngokuqondile. Isibonelo salokhu kungaba kubhekwe njengomunye wezinye abazali, okuyinto ngenxa Esegugile nje akakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wesikole ethize noma okungenani ukukwenza kaningi njengoba kudingeka. umnikazi Jwayelekile ngokuqonda basabela inkinga kanye iqiniso lokuthi konke lokhu kuyodingeka ukukwenza. Kodwa abanye abanikazi kungenzeka, ebhekisela umthetho, ukwenza umuntu ehlatshwa enze yonke imisebenzi, kungakhathaliseki angakwenza noma cha.

P. 3 tbsp. 31 Ezezindlu Ikhodi futhi ayavuma ukwenza izivumelwano ezengeziwe ku ukusatshalaliswa wonke amathuba izakhamuzi. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu abakhubazekile bayakwazi ukuzenzela ngaphezulu umsebenzi wukuthi ikhona, kanti bonke abanye izokwabiwa ngokulinganayo phakathi nawo wonke umkhaya wakubo. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana Umkhulu okufanayo nangezizwe njalo ukugeza izitsha, kodwa ngeke neze abathintekayo ekuhlanzeni igumbi.

Isigaba 4. Amalungelo ngemva kokwehlukana

Lona wakhuluma kakhulu mayelana ingxenye yomthetho, ngoba ulawula ubudlelwano phakathi kwala maqembu, okuyinto ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ayekile abe nomkhaya. Isibonelo elula - a owakwakhe isehlukaniso. Esimweni esinjalo, ngokuvumelana abathi. 4 tbsp. 31 Ezezindlu Ikhodi, umuntu ongeyona ingxenye eside ye-nucleus ye umphakathi, kodwa ahlezi khona izindlu efanayo nalo lonke umndeni, ngemcondvo, kufanele axoshwe. Kodwa kukhona okuningi ukubhuka.

Ngakho, kokuba kungokuvumelana, ngokuvamile - ngokubhala, umuntu angaqhubeka ukuhlala kule ndlu njengakuqala. Lena ngempela ezingavamile, ngoba iningi labangane bomshado wangaphambili akazange ukuzwana kahle kakhulu nomunye, sizama okungenani ezimweni ukusungula ukuphila okwengeziwe.

Kunoma yikuphi, uma ungakakwenzi kakade ilungu lomkhaya akakwazi (kwezezimali noma kwezinye) ukuthenga efulethini ehlukile noma ezinye yokuhlala, singadinga ngisho isinqumo senkantolo ukuthi akazange axoshwe. Lokhu amahora. 4 tbsp. 31 Ezezindlu Ikhodi futhi uyakucabangela. Ngokuvamile it has a ubuqiniso ezithile futhi akukwazi nanini. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi ngesikhathi esithile, umuntu ngeke akwazi ukuthola ithuba ukuthenga impahla noma uyisuse ukusetshenziswa njengoba engokwemvelo esizayo. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni lapho umnikazi we impahla uba naye ngenye indlela umthetho ingase yabelwe yesondlo, lapho owawushade naye ukuba abe buthakathaka ubophekile ukuba zithole ahlukene ephilayo ndawo, ukuze Engxenyeni yesibili Yayintininiza khona. Nokho, akubona ubulungisa ngokuya ukubekezelelana, kuyiqiniso elaziwayo.

Ngokuvamile, imfuneko ukusebenza h. 4 Art ezinjalo. 31 LCD RF kwenzeka ezimweni lapho, kanye umuntu axoshwe, izingane uhlale. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso ingakhokhelwa nabesifazane esivuna amadoda, uma wahamba lutho, kanye nenzalo yabo evamile, kodwa akuvamile kakhulu, okuyinto cishe ingekho umkhuba.

Into 5. Lapho isikhathi esabelwe siphelelwe yisikhathi

Lokhu isigaba uchaza isimo lapho umuntu okukhulunywa ngazo esigabeni esandulele, angeke ngibe nelungelo ukusebenzisa izakhiwo. Ngakho, isimo elula kakhulu futhi ecacile lapho isikhathi njengezakhamuzi zesikhashana yisikhathi.

Ngokwesibonelo, akukho isakhamuzi omunye isinqumo senkantolo bavunyelwe ukuba baphile efulethini elilodwa, lapho ngaphambili, unyaka wonke. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, le ndoda kwakudingeka ukuthola impahla yakhe siqu noma kungaba ukuqasha. ezingu-12 sesiphelile, futhi kumelwe uhambe. Akakho okhathalela lapho. Kukhona ukubhuka. Angaba ngokuzimela ukuxoxisana nomnikazi impahla namagama lapho kuyoba elinye ithuba uhlale kuwo, nihlale khona. Lowo muntu angase abe ukukhokhela ilungelo lokusebenzisa efulethini, ukwenza izinhlobo ezithile zomsebenzi esenana wayemgcine isimo umhlali, kanye nokunye.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili, lapho ilungelo ukusebenzisa zokuhlala inqanyulwa kwesikhathi. Omunye ukunyamalala izithiyo, ababe ngesikhathi isisekelo sokuthethelelwa enkantolo. Lokho art. 31 LCD RF isho ukuthi kunezinkanyezi eziningi ezinye izimo ngenxa lapho umuntu umane akakwazi ukuhamba ekhaya. Ngokwesibonelo, e ngokuhlukaniswa, ukuziphatha impi ezweni lakubo, nokunye. Okuwukuphela kwento ephelele ukumisa impahla kwesokudla umnikazi. Isibonelo elula - efulethini esithengiswa ngayo. Kungakhathaliseki nezinye nezinye izimo, zonke ahlezi khona-ke, ngenxa yanoma yisiphi isizathu, kudingeka ukuthi uphume phakathi kosuku oluthile olubekiwe isikhathi ifreyimu umnikazi omusha.

Into 6. izivumelwano phakathi amalungu zangaphambili umndeni

Le nto ingenye ezimbili emfushane kulesi sihloko. Ngokusho Art. 31 Ezezindlu Ikhodi, icala umthetho kusikisela ukuthi isimo owayeyilungu lomkhaya akufanele neze kwenze umuntu ezithinta amalungelo nezibopho zayo. Leyo akuyona ukuphoqa umuntu ukuba enze ezinye izinhlobo zomsebenzi sisebenza ngenxa esifanele efulethini, ngaphandle kwesimo lapho kuvunyelwana phakathi kumnikazi eyisakhamuzi isivumelwano esiseceleni, futhi kuyingxenye imithetho lokuhlala. Zonke lezi zici elicacisiwe izigaba kusukela 2 nd ukuba 4 th sihloko yomthetho kuchazwe.

Ngokwesibonelo, ngeke ukwazi ukuphoqa umuntu ukugeza izitsha, bazihlabela nabo uqobo lwabo, futhi umnikazi, ngoba nje uhlala lapha. Kodwa uma uyavuma ukuthi izitsha ngempela kuyoba ngokuphelele kunembeza wakhe, futhi ukubuya umnikazi uyohlale ukugeza phansi, ngoba kakade libukeka into win win ukuthi kwamukelekile. Noma kunjalo, zingase zibe khona ezinye izinhlobo amalungiselelo lapho umuntu oyedwa ayeyokwenza ngokuphelele yonke imisebenzi yekhaya, kodwa ngeke akhokhe irenti noma ukuthola noma iyiphi nezinye izinhlobo izinzuzo impendulo phezu abanye abaqashi behlupha.

Into 7. Okunye izivumelwano

Lesi yisihloko sesibili iphuzu short, okuyinto iningi ingxenye ukukhathazeka yokwahluka nge izindlu esikhiphekayo. Uveza yokuthi ukuhambisana isivumelwano eyimpoqo phakathi kumnikazi eyisakhamuzi yesivumelwano kuzo zonke izindawo zawo. Ngakho, uma sithatha njengoba ngesisekelo inkontileka kanye incwadi yomthetho, eyisakhamuzi ubophekile ukuba enze kuphela lezo zenzo ukuthi zichazwe izivumelwano, futhi kuphela labo amalungelo nayo eyenziwe.

Inketho esivame kakhulu ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele zonke izinzuzo ngaphandle ezithile, ezifana okungezona khona umnikazi egumbini, akunakwenzeka ukuba afeze umsebenzi wokulungisa ezinjenge yokwehluleka nokunye. Lokho konke ayidingeki ukuhlala ukhululekile, kodwa kungase kudingeke ezimweni ezingavamile. Futhi, is kunakwe izifiso iziqashi kwi reimbursable isisekelo.

Ngokwesibonelo, angakwazi ngokuzimela ukuthola elilodwa noma kwenye inqubo (ukuze kube lula - microwave), ezizosetshenziswa ngakuye, kanye nabo bonke abanye abakhe. In ukubuya, ukuphila kwakhe uyakulahlekelwa zingancishiswa imali, umuntu ushwele noma yimiphi imisebenzi nokunye. Lapha it is konke isekelwe ngokuphelele amalungiselelo akhona, okuyinto Kunconywa ukuxoxa okwengeziwe esigabeni eyinhloko izingxoxo.

umnikazi

Art. 30, 31-LCD RF futhi nokulawula amathuba yomnikazi kanye emagcekeni ejele. Ikakhulukazi, eminingi yayo ebhalwe esihlokweni 30 th. Kafushane, umnikazi unelungelo ukuphila endlini, ukugxilisa abanye bakhe, kodwa enesibopho acabangele timfuno omakhelwane (hhayi ukwenza umsindo, lokungangcolisi, nokunye) ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi ukukhokhela izinsiza namasevisi, nokunye okunjalo. Ngokwengxenye enkulu kungcono izimfuno ezinengqondo, uthi okungazange kube khona yoyedwa eyanele, ngoba sonke sifuna ukuphila ukuze omakhelwane ungagxambukeli, futhi konke kwakwenziwa ngesikhathi. Kodwa, ngeshwa, beziphatha sengathi ngaphandle kubo akekho omunye uhlala ezimweni eziningi ezinye izakhamuzi endlini. Esimweni esinjalo kungase kudingeke ngisho ukubiza amaphoyisa, nakuba ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ukuba umane ucele ke kufanele iziphathe kanjani.

Imiphumela

Kufinyeta bonke ngenhla, singaphetha ngokuthi ezimweni eziningi, ukuze ukwakha ubuhlobo ukhululekile phakathi kwabantu ezahlukene, ngokwanele nje ukuphetha sivumelwano ezithile ngokubhala noma ngomlomo. Ngokuqonda wonke umthwalo zombili lokhu kwanele kujwayeleke ukuphila. Kungenjalo-ke kuyadingeka ukuba ukusebenzisa inkantolo, okuyinto, sicabangisisa ngazo zonke izici kunjalo, ngeke benze isinqumo esifanele, sibophezela zonke izinhlangothi ezithintekayo ukuba impi.

Lena isimo iyivelakancane uma ungenawo acabangele inqubo ekuhlakazekeni komshado, okusho ukuthi okunye izingxabano. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kube kubhekwe futhi aqondwe abahlala abantu yokuhlala efanayo. Abaningi batusa ukuba ngisho ubudlelwano kusengaphambili ukuba silungiselele futhi ngemvume Okusizayo izinkontileka nenzuzo, okuyinto sizofakwa kuzo zonke izici zokuphila kwansuku zonke. Kungase kubonakale kungavamile noma engamukeleki, kodwa empeleni, yize inqubo hhayi mnandi kakhulu nasengqondweni, okuyixazululayo eziningi izingxabano ezingase zibe ngaphambi kokuba uqale, ngokugcina iyunithi umphakathi.