Amanzi olwandle anezinga elingaguquguquki kungeyona isitshalo: ukusebenza

Sonke siyazi ukuthi umuntu ngezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu liqukethe amanzi. Futhi uma kungekho ukudla umzimba wethu angaphila cishe inyanga ke ngaphandle kwamanzi, kakhulu, kuphela ngesonto (ngezinye izikhathi ingasaphathwa). Umuntu udinga usuku ngalunye ukuze kudle anele angenasawoti sigweme izinkinga zempilo. Amanzi olwandle anezinga elingaguquguquki kungeyona isitshalo futhi lo mshini osebenza ngayo - ezingaphezu kuka isihloko langempela.

yokuhlanza zezimboni

Ukwanda asebenzayo sabantu ngqo abathintekayo ngenani nemithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile emhlabeni. Ngenxa yalokho, kwaba khona ukungathembeki, esibatshela abantu bamfuna ngezindlela ezahlukene okwenza amanzi okuphuza "ngesandla". Isixazululo kuphela kwaba ikhono desalinate amanzi olwandle okunosawoti akuyona ahlanzekile.

Umthombo wamanzi kungeyona baba Oceans. Sea umshini ohlanza amanzi izinyathelo ziziningi, ngenxa okuyinto ketshezi sikhululwe amanani ngokweqile nosawoti ezahlukene. Iza ukusiza ukusetshenziswa imishini ephambili.

Ukusetshenziswa kungeyona lamanzi olwandle ongaphumelela uwulethe isimo ukuphuza. Kungeyona is owenziwa ngezinga ezimbonini ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Eziningi zalezi zindlela zisekelwe ukusetshenziswa jikelele ukufaka amandla khudlwana. Lawa izihlungi ezikhethekile kanye Distillers. Cabangela izinhlobo ezinkulu kungeyona e omningi.

Izindlela bebutha

Ezweni lethu, sisungule amasu ambalwa ezikuvumela ukuguqula amanzi ulwandle lwaba ukugeleza. Omunye wabo - ukusetshenziswa reagents zamakhemikhali. Le ndlela kuhilela ukusetshenziswa ekhethekile amakhemikhali izingoma ngoba kungeyona uketshezi. Ngo contact ngamanzi anosawoti kukhona ukuphendula, okwaphumela zingaxazululeki ifomu chemical compounds.

Ngemva kokuphothulwa ukusabela uhlala kuphela ukususa ziyazika okuholela ngu filtration. Le ndlela ingasetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, futhi kuyaqabukela kube osetshenziselwa umkhakha kungeyona.

Le ndlela has a nemibi ngokwanele abalulekile. Okokuqala, ngokuba ukuqaliswa ukukhishwa kukasawoti emanzini kudingeka isamba esikhulu amakhemikhali, futhi okwesibili, inqubo ithatha isikhathi eside futhi, okwesithathu, akuyona ezishibhile.

reverse Osmosis indlela

Sekuyisikhathi eside Le ndlela wabonakalisa ethandwa, kulezizinsuku kabanzi embonini. Usebenzisa yokuhlanza olukhethekile ulwelwesi. Zenziwa asendabeni lulwimi permeable. Ngokwesibonelo, polyamide, noma i-cellulose.

Liquid nge nosawoti ngokweqile is badabula ulwelwesi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile. Ngenxa yalokho, izinhlayiya uketshezi udlule igridi ezincane kabani ebusweni kuthiwa imali izinhlayiya emikhulu amanyela ahlukahlukene. Ngenxa le ndlela, nizitholele ngempela semali amanzi desalinated.

Isimiso ezisebenza ka kungeyona lamanzi olwandle

Amanzi olwandle anezinga elingaguquguquki kungeyona isitshalo - idivayisi elikuvumela ukuba ususe ketshezi ziyoncibilika usawoti kuso. Ngemva ukudlula inqubo enjalo etholwe manzi ahlanzekile. Ingasetshenziselwa hhayi kuphela empilweni yansuku zonke, kodwa futhi njengoba amanzi okuhle ukuphuza.

Design izici idivayisi elula futhi kunengqondo ukusebenzisa. Kodwa fresh akusho ahlanzekile. Phela, kuwo ngandlela thile, yezingxenye ezahlukene kuyagcinwa. Ukusebenzisa kwabo kuncike ngqo kwabantu amanzi okuholela. Ngokwesibonelo, izitsha zasolwandle ezidinga izinhlobo ezahlukene amanzi:

• ukuphuza - futhi bawaphuze kuphela;
• amanzi inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu futhi ugeze emphemeni;
• amanzi umusi ugesi, kungenjalo ibizwa ngokuthi izakhi;
• amanzi izinjongo lobuchwepheshe (ezazisetshenziswa njengomhlatshelo uketshezi ukupholisa for izinjini);
• amanzi distilled.

Ngoba bonke laba izinhlobo zisebenzisa kungeyona ezahlukene zasolwandle lamanzi olwandle.
Zonke izindlela zingena ngaphansi kwezigaba ezimbili:

1. Ziphuzo zazihluzwa - kungeyona isitshalo, esisebenza ngezinga isimiso ziphuzo zazihluzwa heats futhi vaporizes le namanzi olwandle. Khona-ke, umusi "babanjwa" futhi kulethwa izinga lokushisa oyifunayo.
2. Filtration - ukuhlanekezela Osmosis isimiso. Salt amanzi desalted ngaphandle ushintsho esimweni esisodwa kuya kwesinye.

Umsebenzi wakhe isekelwe "Ukuqondanisa" amanyela siphela. Kakhulu izingcindezi okusezingeni eliphezulu ivumela kokubili "Cindezela" okungadingekile izinhlayiya nosawoti.

Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo

kungeyona lamanzi olwandle enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ungaphakathi Hadera (Israyeli). Ngu isikali yayo, lolu phiko cishe okusikhumbuza lonke isitshalo. Minyaka yonke ke desalinates mayelana amathathu ezintathu bhiliyoni zamalitha amanzi asolwandle.

Ihlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu umthamo isamba izidingo wezwe. Njengoba sazi, Israyeli inkinga yokungabi ukuphuza uketshezi. Lokhu kungeyona lamanzi olwandle imisebenzi, like iningi kungeyona ngu Osmosis reverse, okuyinto ngaphansi kwethonya amanzi oLwandle iMedithera akuyona ngaphansi ukufudumeza ukwelashwa.

kungeyona Solar lamanzi olwandle

Muva nje, izitolo uzoba Distillers esiyingqayizivele, uxhumana amandla elanga. Ngaphakathi idivayisi ligcwele amanzi olwandle, eyatholakala kusukela ukushisa kwelanga is ibe umusi uba ezindongeni umzimba futhi luhlala phansi owamukelayo.

Umklamo ivaliwe ngokuphelele, kungase udale Isivuvu iphinde ivimbele yephunga desalter ngaphandle. Ngakho, ngenxa yalokho, amanzi ahlanzekile agcinwe isikhathi eside. Ekupheleni le nqubo, umane uyasikrufulula ipulaki and sokukhipha amanzi iphathwa emgodleni.

Umshini kungeyona lamanzi olwandle

Lolu hlobo lwe-stills asetshenziswe Navy. Yena isebenzisa ukushisa kuya okusamanzi okungaphathwa epholisa main nasizayo diesel. amanzi Pure sishisiswe mayelana ayisithupha degrees Celsius ihlinzekwa ngokusebenzisa itheku ipayipi Ukushisa ibhethri. Ngesikhathi izinga lokushisa lamanzi esidayisa Sehlile cishe engamashumi ayisihlanu nanhlanu degrees Celsius.

I Distiller cleaner ivumela ihora ukuze uthole mayelana eziyisishiyagalombili amalitha amanzi distilled. Lolu hlobo Distiller uzisibekele cishe zonke izidingo amanzi ahlanzekile ngaphandle nezindleko uphethiloli kanye nokugcinwa amandla. Idivayisi kuyazenzakela. Njengoba izinga lokushisa ukuhwamuka uphansi ngokwanele, vodoopresnitel ongasebenza ngaphandle ukwelashwa eziyisithupha kuya nambili izinyanga.

Ekulondolozeni

kudivayisi Isondlo kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngesonto, njalo ngenyanga noma kanye ikota.

Kanye ngesonto, ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle zedivayisi liyadingeka. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ukusebenza efanele lwezimpawu futha valve kuyaqabukela esetshenziswa. Ukuphungula gapping futhi zonke izinhlobo ukuvuza emalungeni. Kanye ngenyanga, phezu scan masonto onke ukuhlanza amanzi asolwandle anezikhala isihlungi edingekayo yokwenza, kanye gcoba amabombo futha. Kanye ikota, Ngahlola imitha Kwenziwa esikhundleni yimpandla phezu amapayipi kanye amaphampu le brine. Isula izimbobo spray annular evaporator amashubhu kufakwe packings e amaphampu.

ukulungiswa

Inqubo ukulungisa ukuba sifeze umsebenzi wokuhlanza Heater amanzi usawoti evaporator-epholisayo nge crimping eyalandela podvaltsovkoy amashubhu engaphelele.

Kufanele kube evulekile uketshezi heater izihlungi okucacile amapayipi ngokwabo imfucumfucu ehlukahlukene kusukela tube futhi ukugqwala kwakhiwa. Futhi uqaqe imitha ngenjongo ukuhlanzwa kusuka ukungcola nokugqwala. Uma amabombo futha sezigugile, kufanele esikhundleni. nokuhlanzwa ephakeme Kunconywa ukuthi kobuso izindlu zihlangana namanzi olwandle.

Kungeyona asolwandle ukuze yezikebhe

Ukuba khona ulwandle uhlelo amanzi kungeyona ebhodini lapho kuqhamuka isikebhe esincane - ke ukhululekile futhi ephephile. Hand kungeyona lamanzi olwandle ungagcina isabelomali ngenxa yokuntuleka isidingo replenishment amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile.

Ngokwesilinganiso, ihora isitshalo kungeyona eyenzelwe imikhumbi encane, icubungula amakhulu amalitha amanzi usawoti, turning kube ngamanzi acwebileyo ukuphuza.

Abanye onobuhle abe kungeyona yacht elawulwa kude umsebenzi, okuyinto kusiza kakhulu kokulawula inqubo. Lezi amayunithi Site ukusetshenziswa ku ngomkhumbi motor-yezikebhe. Izingxenye kungeyona umkhumbi, ngokuqondile nabo amanzi olwandle, abenziwe izinto ngaphandle ukugqwala okubhekiswe. umklamo yangaphandle uvame ezenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali.

Idivaysi ephathekayo ngoba umshini ohlanza amanzi

Muva nje, abasebenzi ucwaningo yamemezela idivayisi entsha yokuqala, elakhelwe ukwehlukana amanzi olwandle okuphuza kanye usawoti. share kungeyona wengonyama usebenza ngaphansi Osmosis reverse, usithathela ngempela ugesi omningi. I yokuntula le ndlela Ungahlanganisa kungeyona nokungasebenzi imiqulu ezincane.

Entsha okusungulile - a kungeyona ephathekayo lamanzi olwandle esekelwe nokwehlukana ubuchwepheshe ion okuhlushwa. isiteshi Nanosized egcwele uketshezi, ixhunywe i kagesi, okuyinto kudala ensimini kagesi. Ngenxa yalesi amanzi lihlukaniswa ukusakaza ezimbili ngokulinganisa. Ngo omunye wabo awe usawoti ion, nakwezinye ukugeleza amanzi ahlanzekile fresh.

Abadali uhlela asenze sicabange idivayisi entsha ukuthi uzobe inikwa amandla yi amandla ane-alikhali amabhethri. Kuhlelwe kungeyona izinga - mayelana nanhlanu amalitha ngehora. Ukusungulwa alithembisayo uquqaba ekufikeni iminyaka emibili.

Indlela yokwenza kungeyona lamanzi olwandle ngezandla zakhe?

Amanzi angenziwa okumsulwa futhi ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa kwamadivaysi ezimbonini. Yenza desalinator mathupha ngeke kube nzima. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga imbiza ngesivalo ezikubambayo.

Le ndlela ka kungeyona yamanzi esekelwe zonke mkhuba komzimba ngokushesha esaziwa - ukufingqa. Thela amanzi asolwandle pan, uvale lid kanye thumba. Ukuvaleleka ngaphansi cap par - condensate okumsulwa. Zonke ukungcola amanzi zinzima, ngakho ezinza phansi ebhodweni, futhi izinhlayiya ka H ₂ O kuthiwa wafingqa in a ububi ngentukuthelo.

Le ndlela ivumela ukuba desalinate ketshezi inala ukulahleka kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, umklamo kufanele kube kancane ngcono. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza esivalweni sawo pan imbobo encane, ufaka tube nezimo (ipayipi), amboze isivalo pan. Enye ekupheleni hose ukuba ephuzwini elilandelayo pan (noma umthamo) futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ikhava phezulu ithawula ofakwe. Lokhu kuzosiza abantu abashadile bahlale eshubile.

Beka amanzi olwandle phezu komlilo kanye thumba. Silindele eside ngakho kuze kube yilapho yonke amanzi "ngizoya" kolunye epanini. Lokhu kuyokwenziwa desalinated amanzi okuphuza. Zonke nosawoti, kanye ukungcola ahlukahlukene bahlale ebhodweni efanayo. Nakhu elula, enziwe sakhe izandla emanzini asolwandle kungeyona isitshalo uyoveza amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile.

Enye indlela desalinate amanzi anosawoti - ke nje iqhwa. Iqiniso lokuthi kwezinga-qhwa lamanzi olwandle futhi fresh ukuhluka. Ukuze lokushisa umnkantsha kasawoti edingekayo lingaphansi kunalokhu ngoba okokuqandisa fresh. Ekugcineni kokuthola iqhwa amanzi, okungase kube kuhle efanelekayo ukuphuza desalinated.

Amanzi olwandle anezinga elingaguquguquki kungeyona isitshalo - into, yebo, uma kunesidingo, kodwa kuphela isikali ezimbonini. Izindlu Ungakwazi ukuguqula amanzi ulwandle lwaba ukuphuza amanzi ngosizo amasu alula, nobani sahlangana namuhla. Ngakho manje awukwazi ukhathazeke ukuthi lokuntuleka eziphuthumayo yamanzi angakhula abe inkinga engathí sina.