I isiqondiso inqubomgomo angaphandle, u-Alexander 1 (kafushane). Foreign Politika Aleksandra 1

Kafushane angaphandle Politika Aleksandra 1 yaziwa abaningi. Yiqiniso, ngoba lena Emperor of Russia, owake wakwazi ukunqoba Napoleon. Nokho, abaningi bakhetha ukuhlala, engazi malini lo muntu esilethe lizwe. Ukuhileleka kwakhe unamakhono futhi ngobuqili, unendaba ezweni labo singasebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokufinyelela isibonelo wesimanje ezombusazwe Russian kweqiniso.

Esesithathu sokusebenzisana anti-French

Eyisimanga revolution naseFrance ngasekupheleni kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili kwaba isitha iminyaka ecishe ibe wonke umuntu. ISilo wesaba ukuthi ukutheleleka Republican azizange zivakashele kubo ekhaya, futhi ngenxa yalokho ngokumelene nombuso-mthengisi izimpi eziningi.

uyise ka-Alexander, uPawulu, uye wahlanganyela coalitions ezimbili zokuqala ngokumelene France ngempumelelo. Nokho, indodana yakhe Isiqalo indlela kunqubomgomo bakwamanye amazwe nge ukwehluleka grand.

Ngesikhathi Napoleon bephikelela ngaqina emzimbeni futhi waphenduka ezweni labo libe umbuso onamandla, eqoqwe eyesithathu sokusebenzisana anti-French yeRussia, England nase-Austria. Wayengasebenzi izinhlelo ukunikeza neCorsican igcwaliseke.

Ngeshwa, Austrians, naphezu ukwesekwa yebutho Russian ngokushesha baqala ukudlala. Hhayi ngifuna ekufuneni Kutuzov enganikanga impi ewumnqamula-juqu, u-Alexander 1 wahlangana ibutho Napoleon at Austerlitz, lokho kwaqeda noma nge enqobile kombusi French kanye nokuqiniswa IFrance Ibe senkosikazi bezikhali emhlabeni.

Kafushane, angaphandle Politika Aleksandra 1 Ngemva kwalesi sehlakalo washintsha kakhulu.

izitha Union

Hlakaniphile Alexander 1 isaha e Bonaparte into abazange bakuqaphele eziningi - ukungabi kulo muntu kwawona umcabango wokushiswa ukulahlekelwa. Kwakusobala manje ukuthi neCorsican oluvuthayo ukoma kwamehlo ukunqoba ukunqoba. Kuyadingeka ukuba ulinde.

I isiqondiso inqubomgomo angaphandle Alexander 1 ishintshile kakhulu. Waphula off ubudlelwane Great Britain, futhi wahlangana nawo Napoleon esikebheni phakathi komfula ngasedolobheni Tilsit.

Kwakubonakala sengathi isivumelwano waphetha lapho qamba Russian Empire nezimo ezimbi kakhulu ukuba khona (ukuqashelwa kwabo bonke ukunqoba kuka Bonaparte, ukwenqaba eziningana izifunda yanqoba Turkey). Kodwa eqinisweni, kwaba inzuzo engaphezu kuka-ukuthula. Ingahle ibizwe okungenani ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili isivumelwano esinjalo.

1. Alexander 1 kwadingeka ithuba ukugxila Inqubomgomo yasekhaya, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi kudingeka khona kwakhe.
2. Eqinisweni, isivumelwano esifanayo wanika Russia isandla khulula ukunqanda futhi konke kuhlobene engxenyeni esempumalanga yezwe. Uma konke kwahamba ngokohlelo, izwe lingakabikho ukuhlala amabili ayizikhondlakhondla zezikhali - uMbuso Western nge Napoleon ukuholwa East - Alexander 1.

It elihlukile zezombusazwe kanye ukuqonda yayiyini yasekhaya Politika Aleksandra 1 (kafushane, ngokuba ukuqonda izenzakalo ezalandela).

Ipholisi

indodana IBhodi uPawulu 1 phakade washintsha Russia. Yini ehlanganise entsha yasekhaya Politika Aleksandra 1? Lokhu kungase ngokufingqiwe ezindaweni ezine eziyinhloko.

1. umbusi wokuqala Russian banquma ukuxoxa ngale ndaba ka ukuqedwa serfdom - yezinsika wesistimu zomthetho Russian. Waze ngaphambilini ukulungiswa amaphrojekthi ezintathu. Nokho, akekho kubo ekhuliswe ekuphileni. Kodwa iqiniso esebenza le timu ikhombisa izinguquko ezinkulu izindinganiso zokuziphatha zaleli zwe.
2. kabusha ngokujulile amandla yayiqhutshelwa. Lokhu izinguquko okhathalelayo uMkhandlu WoMbuso, oluqinisayo yakhe yokugcina njengoba umeluleki oyinhloko kuKesari. Kwathiwa amalungelo amaningi, bese usetha isethi eyodwa izibopho ngenxa iSigele.
3. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, yebo, izinguquko ezikhonzayo, okwadala zezinkonzo eziyisishiyagalombili. emakhanda awo kufanele abike nombusi ukuthwala wonke umthwalo umkhakha yakhe nokubusa.
4. kabusha Ezemfundo, lapho lizinga lekufundza nekubhala zitholakala, ngisho ungqimba olungaphansi impela sabantu. izikole Primary baba khulula, futhi isigaba sabaphathi lesikhungo "phakathi-ephakeme" zemfundo ekugcineni baba usebenza ngokugcwele.

Ukuhlolwa kwenqubomgomo yasekhaya Alexandra 1 angakunika inhloso kuphela ngesisekelo ukubona ukuthi kuzokwenzekani. Njengoba zonke yezinguquko yakhe iye yafeza indima juqu.

Call Bonaparte

Kuyini impi ye-1812 ubudala, uyazi cishe wonke umuntu. Ngokuvamile, lapho kuchazwa kafushane angaphandle Politika Aleksandra 1, ku wakhe kuphela futhi wayeka. Thina kuphela ukusho amaqiniso ayisisekelo kwalo mcimbi.

Ngakho, kuqale nge kuhlasela ekhohlisayo ngokusisiza-French e-Russia. Kwaba ngempela ezingalindelekile, ngoba ngaphambi kwalokhu, njengoba sekuphawuliwe, French usayine isivumelwano lesi sikhundla esinemali. Isizathu ayehlasela kwaba ukwenqaba eRussia basekela nokuvinjelwa eBrithani. Bonaparte zabheka lokhu njengesenzo ukungathembeki komuntu oshade naye kanye nokuntuleka nokubambisana.

Kwenzekani ngemva, kubalulekile ukuba igama iphutha enkulu kombusi French. Phela, akazi ukuthi u-Alexander 1 neRussia ngeke nje give up, bangaki uthi ngaphambili. ithalente Strategic Kutuzov, ngubani manje walalela umbusi waseRussia, wanqoba amacebo sikaNapoleon.

Maduze nje amabutho Russian babe Paris.

nezinye impi

Angicabangi ukuthi iFrance kuphela ayengasekela kubo angaphandle Politika Aleksandra 1. Kafushane kuwufanele ukukhumbula ezinye yokunqoba kwakhe.

Enye impumelelo ka-Alexander 1 - it is a ukungqubuzana phakathi Russian futhi abaseSweden, owaphenduka ukunqotshwa okuphelele lakamuva. Siyabonga isibindi unobuqili Alexander 1, okuyinto ngaphambilini ukuze uthumele amabutho yonkana Gulf eqandisiwe of Bothnia, ngaphansi koMbuso Russian kwakukhona insimu yonke Finland. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Sweden, ngesikhathi kuphela umdlali enkulu yaseYurophu, okuyinto uzama ukuhlala kude ingxabano, France, England, kwadingeka ukuba duba UK.

Alexander 1 iye yasiza ngempumelelo lapho kulwiwa namaSerbia e yokufuna ukuzibusa futhi uqede umkhankaso Russian-Turkish, okuyinto eye yaba omunye izigaba ebaluleke kakhulu nesimo eside phakathi ngempumelelo yoMbuso WaseTurkey neRussia. Futhi-ke, umuntu akakwazi ukhohlwe nempi namaPheresiya, u-Alexander wenze ngokugcwele 1 umdlali Asian.

Imiphumela

Lona angaphandle Politika Aleksandra 1 (Summary).

umbusi Russian lebhalwe isimo eziningi izindawo: Transnistria (phakathi nempi nge Turkey), Dagestan futhi Azerbaijan (ngenxa ngxabano namaPheresiya), Finland (sibonga ukumasha Sweden). It Ngokuphawulekayo wavusa ukuthembeka global Russia futhi wenza umhlaba wonkhe ekugcineni nibhekane ngokugcwele ezweni lenkaba yawo.

Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zichazele angaphandle Politika Aleksandra 1 akuyona kokusuka, impumelelo wakhe oyinhloko ukunqoba Napoleon. Kwazi bani ukuthi kwakuyoba emhlabeni manje, uma Russia babaziwa kanjalo ngaleso yanqotshwa.