I-German igama incazelo kanye nemvelaphi. amagama Iduna nensikazi German

Emazweni European, kanye nazo zonke ezinye emhlabeni, ungubani komuntu amakhulu eminyaka ngegama layo. Isibonelo kakhulu iNdodana kaNkulunkulu, uJesu, ogama lokuzalwa yaqanjwa ngokuthi u-Emmanuel, futhi wabiza uJoshuwa. Isidingo ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabantu ezahlukene elinegama elifanayo yafuna anezele ochazayo. Ngakho uMsindisi waqala ukubiza uJesu waseNazaretha.

Lapho amaJalimane ithole igama

amagama German uvele ngendlela efanayo njengoba kwamanye amazwe. Imfundo yazo phakathi abalimi komhlaba ahlukahlukene waqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngekhulu XIX, kusuke kuyisikhathi sokuthandaza uqondane kwaqedwa ukwakhiwa isimo. Kumiswa eJalimane obumbene safuna definition oqinile ka ngubani ongubani.

Nokho, kakade ekhulwini XII ensimini ka okwamanje iFederal Republic of Germany kwakukhona ukwazi, bese ngokokuqala kwakukhona amagama German. Njengoba kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, igama nendawo ukuhlonza alisetshenziswa. Kodwa kokuzalwa kwengane yakho ikunika, njengoba umthetho, amagama amabili. Bheka noma yimuphi umuntu ngokungeza elisho okuqondene phansi. amagama Female German akahlukile eyabantu, nje phambi kwabo wasebenzisa Isiqalo "Frau".

Izinhlobo izibongo German

imisuka neziLimi amagama German zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu. Kumiswa kuqala futhi ezivame kakhulu ngegama, ikakhulukazi besilisa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lesi sabelo isisindo lwamagama senzeka kunalokho emifushane (ngomqondo zomlando) isikhathi, futhi ukubonakaliswa iyiphi imaginations eyinkimbinkimbi umane Besingakafiki isikhathi.

Izibongo ezenzeka kusukela amagama

Indlela elula wabo - labo, ukudalwa okuyinto isikhathi eside ukuba philosophize, kodwa nje benza igama umnikazi wakhe wokuqala. Ngokuthi umlimi ezinye Walter, ukuthi ngayithola inzalo yakhe lelo gama. Futsi Ivanov, Petrov futhi Sidorov, nendabuko yabo iyefana waseJalimane uJohannes Petersen noma eJalimane. Ngokuya isizinda somlando, amagama anjalo ethandwa German kukuncane, ngaphandle ukuthi amadlozi lasendulo lalibizwa ngokuthi Peters.

Umsebenzi njengoba morphological isisekelo nesibongo

Eziningana amagama German bungavami, ukhuluma ngani sokusebenzisana zochwepheshe ngowokuqala womnikazi wayo, kungashiwo umsunguli. Kodwa ukuhlukahluka leli qembu ubanzi kakhulu. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke egameni lakhe - Muller, it is elihunyushwe ngokuthi "Miller". uzakwabo English - Miller, kanti eRussia futhi e-Ukraine kuba Miller, Millers noma Melnichenko.

Wezingoma odumile uRichard Wagner ungase ucabange ukuthi abanye wawoyise wahlanganyela zokuthutha wezimpahla ku inqola zabo, amadlozi Umxoxi Hoffman wayala ukuba umkhaya egcekeni lakwakhe, futhi ukhokho kwaba wopiyano Richter ijaji. Schneider futhi shredders ekuhlanganiseni kanye, Singer ayethanda ukuhlabelela. Kukhona amanye amagama besilisa ezithakazelisayo-German. Uhlu kuqhubeka Fischer (umdobi), Becker (nombhaki), Bauer (ongumlimi), Weber (womeluki), Zimmermann (umbazi), Schmidt (smith) kanye nabanye abaningi.

Kwake kwaba phakathi nempi Gauleiter Koch, lowo iqhume abashokobezi ngomshoshaphansi. Uma lihunyushwa, igama lakhe elisho ukuthi "ukupheka." Yebo, yena ukwenziwa iphalishi ...

Amagama kokubili incazelo ngokomzimba futhi uhlamvu

Amanye amadoda futhi mhlawumbe abesifazane amagama German usukele izici ukubukeka noma uhlamvu womnikazi yabo yokuqala. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "Lange" lihunyushwa ngokuthi "eside", futhi kungenziwa bazitshela ukuthi umsunguli yasekuqaleni libhekene ukukhula okusezingeni eliphezulu, okuyiwona wathola isidlaliso. Klein (ezincane) - okuphambene yayo ngokuthé ngqo. Krause kusho "abacaphuni", lokhu ezikhangayo sici izinwele iyiphi Frau, owayehlala ambalwa eminyaka edlule, kungenziwa ngofuzo. Fuchs okhokho kungenzeka yini kube zobuqili njengoba impungushe. Okhokho Weiss Brown kanye Schwartz babe ngokulandelana Blonde, Brown noma brunettes. Hartman kuhluke impilo enhle namandla.

umsuka lenqaba izibongo German

emazweni German empumalanga ziye Umncele njalo uthi Slavic, futhi lokhu wadala izimo Ukungena mutual kwamasiko. Owaziwa amagama German ziphethe "-Sinomsuka", "Owesifazane" "wokuHlinzekwa", "ek", "-Ke" noma "-ski" banendabuko evelele Russian noma Polish.

Sekuyisikhathi eside Lutzow, Distergof, O Lusifa, Modrow, Jahnke, Radecki nabanye abaningi sekuyinsakavukela, nesabelo ingqikithi eyodwa nanhlanu yengqikithi yemikhaya German. EJalimane, ziqondakala owabo.

Kuyefana nasendleleni ekupheleni "-er", lisuselwa elithi "Yar", okusho ukuthi kule isiSlavonic Esidala amalungelo olimi. Painter, teslyar, abadobi nombhaki - izibonelo ezisobala Ezimweni ezinjalo.

Phakathi Germanization amagama amaningi afanayo umane zihunyushelwe German ngokukhetha impande ezifanele noma ushintshwa ngomunye ekupheleni le "-er" futhi manje lutho ukhumbuza ngemvelaphi lenqaba nemicengezi yalo (Smolar - Smoler, Sokolov - Sokol - Falk).

Ingemuva-kwezicebi

Kukhona umkhaya limnandi isiJalimane, ehlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili: ". Dolobhana" eziyisisekelo futhi aduduze, ngokuvamile "isizinda" noma Ziqukethe Imininingwane hhayi kuphela mayelana nezici eziyingqayizivele ingaphandle, kodwa futhi izenzakalo owaziwa zomlando, okuyinto Sasiba, ngezinye izikhathi asebenzayo, imicengezi yalezi izidlaliso. Ngakho-ke, inzalo uyaziqhenya labo amagama, futhi ngokuvamile khumbula oyise, uma ufuna ukugcizelela gentility yabo. Walther von der Vogelvayd - kuzwakala! Noma lokhu Rihthoffen ingemuva, umshayeli "Red Baron".

Nokho, hhayi kuphela inkazimulo yangaphambili yokuba imbangela yezinkinga ezifana ekulotshweni. Umsuka igama German kungenzeka prosaic okuningi, futhi ukhulume endaweni lapho umuntu ezalwa. Yini, isibonelo, kusho Dietrich von Bern? Konke ecacile: inhloko-dolobha waseSwitzerland, wafika okhokho bakhe.

Igama German abantu Russian

AmaJalimane abahlala eRussia kusukela ngaphambi uPeter Omkhulu, ukuyohlala kanye imigqa yobuhlanga lonke omakhelwane, ngokuthi "Sloboda". Kodwa-ke bayibiza ngokuthi bonke abantu baseYurophu, kodwa lapho kwabaningi-umbusi wezinguquko abafuduki abasuka emazweni zamaJalimane kakhulu wakhuthaza. Inqubo kwashesha phakathi nokubusa uCatherine Omkhulu.

bamakoloni German bazinza iVolga (Saratov futhi Tsaritsinskaya sifundazwe), kanye Novorossiya. Inani elikhulu amaLuthela kamuva bamukela ubuKristu yamukeleke, kodwa amagama German ngihlalé. Iningi lazo ziyefana nalezo ezigugile kwabokufika ayefike Empire Russian ngesikhathi XVI-XVIII eminyaka, ngaphandle kwalawo ezimweni lapho onobhala, onobhala, beyogcwalisa amafomu, amaphutha kanobhala kanye namaphutha kuvumelekile.

Isibongo, bekulokhu Jewish

Rubinstein, Hofmann, Ayzenschtayn, Weisberg, Rosenthal nezinye amagama amaningi izakhamuzi Russian Empire, iSoviet Union kanye namazwe post-Soviet, abantu abaningi ngephutha sikholelwe abangamaJuda. Lena akuyona ngakho. Nokho, likhona iqiniso kulesi sitatimende.

Iqiniso lokuthi iRussia kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu XVII, isibe izwe lapho wonke umuntu okhaliphile abazikhandlayo engamtholi indawo yakhe empilweni. umsebenzi Enough nhlobo, ijubane yashesha yokwakhiwa idolobha elisha, ikakhulukazi okusha Russia, wabophula kusukela ngokuvukela uMbuso WaseTurkey. It wabonakala ebalazweni Mykolaiv, Ovidiopol, Kherson, yebo, iparele eningizimu yeRussia - Odessa.

Abafokazi eza ezweni, kanye bamazwe abo abafisa ukuthuthukisa umhlaba omusha aye zadala isimo esihle kakhulu kwezomnotho kanye uzinzo kwezombusazwe, kusekelwa amabutho umholi zesifunda, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lesi simo ngeke siqhubeke isikhathi eside.

Okwamanje Lyustdorf (isigodi Gay) yaba enye yezindawo nedlelo Odessa, bese yayiyikoloni isiJalimane, okuyinto ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu abakhileyo ukuthi ezolimo, ikakhulukazi viticulture. Beer lapha ubuye akwazi ukupheka.

AmaJuda zaziwa ibhizinisi acumen, umthambo commercial futhi izikebhe zabo amakhono, futhi akazange ahlale qakala call of the Russian uMbusikazi uCatherine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela eJalimane lafika abaculi, abadwebi kanye nezinye abaculi lokhu ubuzwe. Amagama iningi lawo lalingabantu German bakhuluma Yiddish, okuyinto empeleni yayo ingenye ezilimini German.

Ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona "Kuphuma ka Settlement", ukuba akusho, kodwa akulona enkulu ngokwanele kanye Okubi ezingxenyeni ezikude zombuso. Ngaphezu woLwandle Olumnyama, amaJuda oyikhethile ezingxenyeni eziningi zamanje Kyïv esifundeni eBessarabia nabanye evundile, ukwakha ezincane edolobheni-idolobha. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi indawo Esikhunjeni Esiphaphathekile ka Settlement kwaba saziso kuphela lawo maJuda abahlala bethembekile enkolweni yobuJuda. Ukwamukela-Orthodox, wonke umuntu angakwazi axazulule noma iyiphi ingxenye zwe elikhulukazi.

Ngakho, kwafika abathwali amagama German steel esuka eJalimane bezizwe ezimbili.

amagama UKwenza iZinto ngeNdlela eNgakajayeleki German

Ngaphezu kwalezi amaqembu amagama German ethathwe imisebenzi, izinwele umbala, izici Ingaphandle, kunesinye, ezingavamile kodwa emangalisayo. Futhi axoxa ngezimfanelo ekhazimulayo uhlamvu, nedumela elihle futhi kumnandi, okuyinto okhokho babantu abadumile, ebizwa ngaleli gama. Isibonelo Alisa Freyndlih, ngokwanele kuqinisekisa idumela wawoyise. "Good", "friendly" - elihunyushwe ngokuthi lokhu nesibongo German.

Noma Neumann. "Lo muntu omusha" - akunjalo enhle? Yeka ukuthi inkulu kangakanani injabulo zonke abanye suku, futhi yena, freshness eseyintsha!

Noma Wirtz kwezomnotho. Noma Luther nangengqondo okumsulwa nenhliziyo evulekile. Noma Young - abasha, kungakhathaliseki inani leminyaka wahlala.

Zinjalo amagama ezithakazelisayo isiJalimane, uhlu okuyinto engapheli!