I-Bird golden plover: incazelo nesithombe

I-plover yegolide ayikwazi ukuziqhayisa ngomsila omude okhanyayo noma amapulangwe angama-fairy exotic. Kodwa le nyoni ehambayo ilindeleke futhi ithande emazweni amaningi enesimo sezulu esibi. Ngakho, isibonelo, e-Iceland kukholelwa ukuthi kuletha amaphiko entwasahlobo. Lapho kubuya amakamu e-rozhans egolide, ukushisa kuhlangana ndawonye.

Incazelo emfushane

I-plover yegolide iyinyoni ngokuya kwe-Charadriiformes. Le nqola ihlanganisa imindeni eminingi, ehlanganiswe ngegama elithi Rzhankovye, kanti i-genus Rzhanok ihlanganisa okungenani izinhlobo ezingu-4. Ngokuqondile, i-golden plover golden, kuyi-Latin Pluvialis apricaria, ihlukaniswa njenge-subspecies eseningizimu.

I-plover yegolide ayibonakali ngobukhulu obukhulu kakhulu. Ubude bomzimba wakhe ngokuvamile abudluli ku-29 cm. Isisindo esiphezulu esingasikhalwa ngu-220 g. Amaphiko enyoni ahluka kusuka ku-65 kuya ku-76 cm. I-plover yegolide ibheka kancane. Inyoni inenhloko encane eyindilinga, umzimba omkhulu futhi inamathela emilenzeni emincane.

Umbala

Umbala wenyoni uhluka kulo lonke impilo. Uhlangothi olungenhla (ikhanda, intamo, emuva kanye nengxenye yomsila) luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nge-inclusive golden inclusions. Lezi ziqu zisiza i-plover yegolide ihlangene ngokuphelele nemvelo ejikelezayo, ifihla ezitheni. Esikhathini sokukhula, abesilisa babonakala behlobisa izinpaphe ezimnyama ezinqunywe ibhande elimhlophe elimhlophe. Indawo emnyama ingaqala emphinjeni, ngaphansi komlomo ngokwawo, futhi udlulise lonke isisu kuze kube umsila. Imibala ehlukeneyo ihlukanisa abesilisa futhi iheha abesifazane. Insikazi, njengendoda, nayo inezimpumputhe ezimnyama esiswini. Kodwa akusilo mnandi futhi kumnyama, ngakho-ke akubonakali kangaka.

Umbala womshado ubanjwe abesilisa cishe kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Kancane kancane, kusasa, esikhundleni sokuthi "ebusika" ipeni. Esikhathini sokuthumba (kusukela maphakathi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJuni), kukhona i-frontron ebomvu enhle, futhi ngaphambi kokuhamba (ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba), izinguquko zokugqoka ziphelile ngokuphelele.

I-plover encane yegolide inemibala ehlukile kancane. Izidleke zesisu zimbozwe ngempaphe emhlophe. Futhi ngemuva kukhona i-grey-igolide, enezimpawu ezimhlophe ezimhlophe. Ukukhula kwentsha kunombala ophuzi obomvu wesisu nesisu ngezilinganiso ezincane ezimnyama. Iphoyisa elimnyama alitholakali emadodaneni abasha.

Umbala omdala we-golden plover uthenge ngonyaka. Ngalesi sikhathi, kusukela ezihlotsheni ezincane, abasha bahlukaniswa kuphela ngesimo sezindiza nezinyathelo zokuhamba. Ezinyoni ezindala, le nsizi ibuyiselwe kabusha.

Enyoni, isithombe esenziwa ngendiza, umehluko wemibala phakathi kwezingxenye ezingenhla nezingezansi kwephiko kubonakala ngokucacile. E-plover yegolide egqokeni le-nuptial, futhi ngombala wasebusika ingxenye engezansi kwephiko ihlanzekile, enezimpaphe ezibomvu ekugcineni.

Ukusakaza

Ama-plovers ase-Golden akhetha izindawo ezivulekile ezivulekile, izintaba zezintaba, i-desert or tundra. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa yiNyakatho Yurophu. Izinyoni zasebusika eziBritish Isles nasezintabeni zaseNtshonalanga naseSouth Yurophu. Empeleni livela ezindaweni zase-Iceland nase-Great Britain, enkabeni yeSiberia. EYurophu Ephakathi, le nyoni yaphela yaphela.

Ngokuvamile, izinyoni ezisuka emndenini waseRzhanok zibhekwa ngokucophelela emasosheni aseWatt ogwini. Lezi zingxenye zomhlaba zigcwele izikhukhula ngesikhathi samanzi, futhi ngemva kokuba umfula obanzi udla ukudla okuningi.

Yini abayidlayo

Ukudla kwalolu hlobo lwezinyoni kuhluka kakhulu. Emenyu enkulu, izinambuzane, izibungu nezinkukhu. Lokhu kutholakala kungatholakala ngobuningi emhlabathini. I-golden plover iningi kakhulu idla amabhungane, izimpungushe ezahlukene , izinhluzane nezinsipho. Kungenziwa ukwesekwa yizinhlobo ezincane zezinkumbi. Ukuphumula ngokuphumula ngesikhathi sokufuduka, i-plover yegolide idla ama-mollusks nama-crustaceans. Ukudla kwemifino ekudleni kukhona futhi, kodwa ngobuncane. Lezi zingaba imbewu, izitshalo ezihlaza kanye nezitshalo zama-berries.

Indlela yokuphila

Ama-golden plovers ngokuvamile ahlala emakoloni, afaka abamele izinhlobo zabo kuphela, kodwa nabanye. Kungaba ukugubha noma izinkinobho. Ezindaweni zokuhlala kuzo izilwane zibuyela ekuphakameni kweqhwa. Isidleke senyoni sihlelwe ekudonsweni komhlaba. Ngokuvamile bahlakulela izikhukhula ezinamanzi (hummocks) noma izintaba zamapayipi. Izindawo zikhetha okungezona ezonakalisiwe, gwema eduze kwehlathi kanye nezindawo zamanzi anamanzi. Kodwa-ke, umhlaba owomile kakhulu onemibala emifino yegolide ayithandi. Ama-plovers amaningi abuyela endaweni yendawo yokuhlala yonyaka odlule. Isikhathi sokubunjwa kanye nokwakheka kabili kuyisentwasahlobo.

Izinkukhu zigeleza phakathi nosuku ukudoba, kodwa uma ukudla kuncane, ama-plovers egolide angabuka kusihlwa.

Ukuhamba kwezintambo ze-rozhanki zegolide ezendaweni zabo zomhlaba kuqhuma kusukela ngoMashi kuya kwesigcawu sesibili ka-Ephreli. Ekwindla, izinyoni ziya ezindaweni ezifudumele ngoSepthemba - Novemba.

Iyini izwi le-plover legolide?

Yiqiniso, i-plover yegolide ayinakho ukuncintisana ne-nightingale, kodwa ingoma yakhe igcwele charm eyinqaba. Ingoma yesilisa ibizwa ngokuthi i-tamping. Uphakama phezulu emoyeni futhi ugijima, ngokuphakamisa amaphiko akhe ngokulinganayo. Ingoma eshadile njalo iqukethe ama-couplets-izingxenye ezimbili. Engxenyeni yokuqala owesilisa ukhiqiza imicu ehlukene yama-disyllabic. Ingxenye enhle futhi engathandeki, ephindaphindiwe kaningi izikhathi ezincane. Ingxenye yesibili yesenzo ishesha kakhulu, futhi izingoma ezikulo zizwakala ngaphandle kwezikhala.

Uma le nyoni ikhathazeka esidlekeni, ikhwelo lithola inkulumo ecasulayo. Kulesi simo, imisindo i-monosyllabic, iningi futhi iyingqayizivele. With the same monosyllabic izingoma zegolide golden plovers echo ephaketheni.

Ukukhiqiza

I-southern plover yegolide iqala isidleke eminyakeni engu-1-2. Izinyoni eziningi ezineminyaka engama-200 zonke izitshalo zehlobo zihamba kusukela ezindaweni ngezindawo. Ngemva kokukhetha indawo ngaphansi kwesidleke, izinyoni zazihlanganisa ngendwangu ebanzi yezitshalo. Insikazi ibeka amaqanda amane, isikhathi esingaba phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-2-4. Ukuphakama kwamaqanda kungama-52 mm, umbala wabo unombala obomvu. Kulesi simo, izindawo ezimnyama zitholakala eduze nendawo eqondile yeqanda.

Ukuhlala phezu kokubeka i-rzhanok yomndeni kuzofinyelela ezinsukwini ezingu-30. Abesilisa nabesifazane benza lokhu futhi. Khona-ke kukhona amatshwele, okususelwa ezinsukwini zokuqala aqala ukubonisa ukuzimela. Izinyoni ezincane, izithombe ezibangelwa ukuqhuma komzwelo, empeleni, zingakwazi ukuthola ukudla kwazo ngokushesha. Abazali bawadinga kakhulu ukuze bavikele kuzo izidumbu. Kumele ngithi izindiza zegolide ziyizinyoni ezinesibindi! Ngokuzidla bahola izilwane ezidla izilwane ezivela esidlekeni ngezinkukhu, zizenza sengathi zimele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qiniseka ukuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwabo nesidlali lihlala lincane ukuze lingalahlekelwa inzalo futhi lingabuyeli esidlekeni.

Inani nezinyathelo zokuphepha

Isibalo sabantu baseNingizimu Afrika esiphezulu se-plover eRussia asidluli ama-pair amabili ayizinkulungwane ezimbili. Ngenkathi yesigubhu kanye nekwindla, insimu yezwe lethu iwela abantu abangaba ngu-500. Ukunciphisa inani le-plover yegolide kubangelwa ukudubula nokunyamalala kwezindawo zokuhlala.

Njengoba indawo ye-plover yegolide ilinganiselwe, futhi inombolo iyancipha, le nyoni ihlelwe ku-Red Data Book yaseRussia.