I-basal cell nomdlavuza wesikhumba ungahlosile: Izimpawu, Ihlahlubo, Ukwelashwa

Eminyakeni yamuva, umdlavuza ngokuvamile baba mbangela eyinhloko okusezingeni eliphezulu lokufa phakathi kwabantu. Umdlavuza amaseli kungathinta ngokuphelele yimuphi izicubu emzimbeni womuntu, okubangela ezihlukahlukene izinqubo sokugembula. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe kuyini basal cell yomdlavuza wesikhumba, sibangelwa yini futhi kungaba Angelashwa yalesi sifo.

Kuyini lokhu hlobo lomdlavuza

Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza ubizwa nangokuthi-basal cell carcinoma. Ngokuvamile sibangelwa ebusweni, entanyeni noma ikhala. It ukhetha ukuba alishaye labantu besilisa engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala. It waphawula ukuthi abameleli emncintiswaneni Mongoloid kanye Negro ongachayekile kule hlobo lomdlavuza.

Igama elithi "-basal cell carcinoma" livela iqiniso lokuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza aqale ukuthuthuka kwazo kusukela ungqimba basal zesikhumba, esemgwaqweni lishonile kunesikhumba kakhulu.

Izimbangela lomdlavuza wesikhumba

Ngaleso sikhathi samanje ke ongakabi ixazululwe ngokugcwele inkinga ka histogenesis (isethi izinqubo okuholela ukwakheka) lesi sifo. Abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi basal umdlavuza cell isikhumba ikhulela EPITHELIAL amaseli pluripotent. Ukwehlukanisa kungenzeka bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene. Nazi ezinye izizathu okuyinto, ngokusho kongoti kakhulu, kungase kumkhathaze kakhulu ekuthuthukeni kwale zokugula:

• yofuzo.
• Ukukhubazeka kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
• ukuchayeka sangaphandle izici ezingezinhle.
• Development ngaphansi kwesimo keratosis actinic, radiodermatita, lupus, psoriasis.

Basal cell carcinoma kwesikhumba (isithombe ikubonise) kwenzeka kaningi epidermis futhi izinwele follicle. Ukhula kancane futhi kuyaqabukela metastasizes. Abanye odokotela cabanga Bazalii ungathandi umdlavuza noma izimila kungavamile ukuba ingozi, kanye nokukhula isimila nge mestnodestruktivnym.

Kaningi ngaphansi kwethonya carcinogens eqinile, njengokuthi-X-ray, i-basal cell umdlavuza wesikhumba liphenduka Karz.

provocateurs ka-basal cell carcinoma

engcupheni lesi sifo ziningi:

1. Okusemqoka kakhulu kuyinto ngemisebe provocateur ultraviolet.
2. ubulili besilisa. It waphawula ukuthi abameleli bakhe basengozini kakhulu lesi sifo.
3. Ukuba khona isikhumba ukukhanya. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abantu abanesikhumba ebumnyameni akazi yilesi sifo.
4. Ukuthambekela isikhumba ukuthola yilanga.
5. Sebenza ilanga evulekile isikhathi eside. Njengoba esondela yenkabazwe ka ukuvama kwale inyuka isifo. Ngokuvamile ukuthuthukisa-basal cell carcinoma kwesikhumba noma entanyeni.
6. A lokuhlushwa enkulu arsenic emanzini okuphuza. Labo babe ukusebenza le nto, basengozini.
7. Polycyclic inhlaka elimnandi nazo zingase zibangele ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo. Zingase eziqukethwe amalahle itiyela, oluthambile, abamnyama.
8. ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside immunosuppressants.
9. Ezinye ngofuzo izifo, ezifana albino futhi xeroderma pigmentosum.
10. izilonda Okungalapheki.
11. ukusha Thermal.
12. Ionizing emisebeni.

Futhi wathola ukuthi ukuzichaya elangeni (elangeni) ebuntwaneni kamuva kungaholela ukuthi uzosungula carcinoma hepatocellular.

Ukwahlukaniswa-basal cell carcinoma

Uma sicabangela Histology, lokhu zokugula libhekwa njengoba umdlavuza undifferentiated futhi umahluko. Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa:

• basalts okuqinile;
• sombala;
• morfeapodobnuyu;
• ebusweni.

Umahluko nanulsu ku:

• keratoticheskuyu basalts;
• fibrosis;
• adenoidnuju.

Ngokusho ngezigaba international, kukhona okulandelayo okukhethwa kukho zomdlavuza wesikhumba:

1. Solid-basal cell carcinoma. Leli fomu kwenzeka kaningi kakhulu futhi imele imicu namaseli, okuyinto zitholakala ubumbene. amaseli Basaloid ngesikhathi esifanayo akudingeki imingcele ecacile, maphakathi, zingaba amathuluzi nezinguquko esiwohlozayo kanye izimbotshana fibrosis.
2. Esikhunjeni-basal cell carcinoma kwesikhumba (isithombe ungabona-ke esihlokweni) libhekene lesikhumba ehlasela umzimba ngenxa melanin okuqukethwe.
3. Ngokuvamile umdlavuza okukha phezulu yakha foci amaningi. Ukushiyeka zingaba khona ngemva kokuphela ukwelashwa isibanda imingcele.
4. Sklerodermopodobny libhekene ukuthuthukiswa okunamandla ezicutshini, okuyinto, njengoba abangu esishunyekiwe zingu amaseli basal EPITHELIAL. Abakwazi zingene ngaphakathi ekujuleni, phansi izicubu ongama.
5. isimila esibulalayo esikhula ne kwamangqamuzana yezindlala, obizwa nangokuthi adenoid. Kuyinto ovelele hhayi kuphela khona izindawo ezinkulu, kodwa emincane imicu EPITHELIAL, okuyinto aqukethe imigqa eziningana amaseli ukwakha alveolar noma ijabulise isakhiwo.
6. Basal cell carcinoma of isikhumba esihlathini sokunene nge tsiloidnoy kwamangqamuzana. Libhekene ngokuba izilonda cornified nge izindawo sizungezwe amaseli efana prickly.
7. Umdlavuza ne kwamangqamuzana sebaceous akuvamile.
8. uhlobo Fibroepithelial - uhlobo ezingavamile kakhulu-basal cell carcinoma. Ngokuvamile kwasakazwa esifundeni lumbar futhi sacrum. Emtholampilo zingase zifane fibropapillomu.

Izinhlobo-basal cell carcinoma esibukweni uhlobo

Kukhona Ukwahlukaniswa lesi sifo futhi uhlobo ukubonisa. Kukhona izinhlobo ezilandelayo ke:

1. Nodular-basal cell carcinoma, isilonda peptic. Cabangela lokhu basal umdlavuza cell isikhumba. esigabeni sokuqala (isithombe kufakazela) engeyokuqala libhekene ukubukeka phezu zamabhodlela, ezisemagumbini emlonyeni. Skin emhlabeni pink noma umbala obomvu nge matte noma ngaphezulu ecwebezelayo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile lona ifindo iguqulwe ibe isilonda nge touch okunamafutha. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kubonakala phezu grid semithambo, izilonda embozwe uqweqwe, futhi uphawu emaphethelweni kwakhiwa. Kancane kancane zasondela isilonda iqala opha futhi zikhule zibe izingqimba ezijulile esikhumbeni, kodwa musa yakha metastases.
2. Uma maphakathi isilonda zarubtsovyvaetsya, futhi emaphethelweni ukukhula uyaqhubeka, sikhuluma atrophic cicatricial-basal cell carcinoma.
3. Perforating-basal cell carcinoma eba avame ezindaweni eminingi evame wadalula ukulimala. okufana kakhulu ifomu nodular-izilonda emathunjini, kodwa eba izinga elingaphezulu kakhulu kwaleli.
4. Warty oluthile lomdlavuza ngokubukeka kwabo ufana ukholifulawa.
5. uhlobo nodular - kuyinto qhuzwana olulodwa esakheka phezulu futhi kuphuma ngaphezu kwamanzi kwesikhumba.

Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye izonqunywa ukuma uhlobo sesifo, kwenza udokotela izocacisa ukuthi ukwelapha basal. Mayelana yimuphi zokuzelapha Yiqiniso, asikwazi indiva.

symptomatology lesi sifo

Kaningi, uma kukhona-basal cell carcinoma kwesikhumba, esigabeni sokuqala (isithombe ubufakazi) senzeka ngokuphelele kungekho zimpawu zokugula. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungase kube ukopha.

Iziguli ingase ikhononde ukuthi isikhumba wabonakala isilonda ezincane, okuyinto kancane kwandisa ngobukhulu, kodwa ngokuphelele kobuhlungu, ngezinye izikhathi ukuluma.

Basal cell carcinoma ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo incike ukuma isimila nendlala okuthiwa i indawo yayo. Okuvame kakhulu iyona nodular-basal cell carcinoma. Kuyinto inhlangano hemispherical nge bushelelezi kwamanzi pink umbala maphakathi okuyinto ikhefu elincane. Node sikhula kancane kancane futhi sifana pearl.

Lapho umdlavuza ebusweni ukuma livela-plaque kanye imiphetho ebukhali, bese sibe ephakanyiswe onqenqemeni ceraceous shiny. Ubukhulu bayo kungase kube kusuka 1 kuya ku-30 mm. Ukhula kancane kakhulu.

Uma-basal cell carcinoma yefomu isikhumba isibanda, kubukeka sengathi i-flat isibanda lemicu empunga elinamathela othini-pink, kancane Kuhlehliswe esikhunjeni. Emaphethelweni bayavuswa futhi esibenyezelayo umthunzi. Emngceleni kukhona ukuguguleka imfundo imbozwe uqweqwe pink ansundu. Ngalesi oluthile lomdlavuza zikhona izikhathi lapho ubuswa nezibazi nokuguguleka kwenhlabathi okuncane kakhulu noma akukho.

Izilonda uhlobo-basal cell carcinoma libhekene ukubhujiswa kwezicubu ezithambile namathambo, okuyinto zitholakala eduze yesimila. Izilonda kuthiwa irregularly okwenyanga, phansi zabo embozwe uqweqwe umbala grey-black, ngokuvamile ephakanyiswe, lokungawo futsi navuswa emaphethelweni.

By the way, lihlangabezana futhi basal umdlavuza cell isikhumba in namakati (multiple okuyinhloko). On umzimba sesilwane ngesikhathi esifanayo ungabona eningi basaliomas, ngaphandle kukhona okuthile engqondweni abonisa ukuziphatha okungalungile, ngaphandle ekuthuthukiseni zokugula lwamathambo. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza libhekene ukukhula kancane, lo we lesion ukujula ingozi lokubuya kwesifo kuzoncika lingakanani, indawo, iseli izici, isimo amasosha omzimba.

Kubantu, ingozi enkulu, i-basal cell umdlavuza wesikhumba. Ukwelashwa kuleli cala ukuba kunalokho nzima. Pathology ngokuvamile yenziwe yaba yasendaweni ebusweni, isikhumba ezizungeze amehlo nekhala.

Skleropodobnaya ifomu basalioma futhi kungaba yingozi kakhulu abantu. Kodwa esikhunjeni basal umdlavuza cell isikhumba has a Izibikezelo evumayo. Leli fomu yokwelashwa ihambelana kahle.

Ngingayithola kanjani ukuxilonga izifo

Ukuze wenze i-ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe, ngezinye izikhathi abanolwazi ukubheka nesineke. ukubonakaliswa Clinical lokhu uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza ngempela alandisa ngokushushiswa nangobunzima zokuxilonga musa kuphakama. Uma uyikha phezulu le, avame udokotela kuthola eyodwa noma amaningi foci mikroerozy okuyinto enamathela phezulu kalula ikhasi detachable.

Iziguli kaningi kakhulu uma ithola izinkinga selashwe udokotela wesikhumba, kodwa ukwelashwa kulesi simo Kumelwe ibhekane oncologist. Uma sihlaziya le skarifikat smear nge izindawo erosive, kuba pheze 100% we amacala esetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa uphethwe.

Uma ukuhlolwa cytological futhi histological kubangele kokungabaza, isiguli ukwenza biopsy ka-lymph.

Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa sitholakele basal lupus, i-melanoma, psoriasis noma keratosis. Phela ukuhlolwa uma uphethwe kuqinisekisiwe, udokotela ukhetha indlela yokuyelapha ngokuqinile ngamunye. Kulesi isifo akukho ukuphathwa ngokulingana zonke iziguli ngayo.

ukwelashwa zokugula

Emva uphethwe ukuqinisekisile of "basal cell abanomdlavuza wesikhumba", ukwelashwa kufanele uqale masinyane. Ezisetshenziswa kakhulu izindlela zokubhekana nale zokugula:

• electrocoagulation futhi curettage;
• cryotherapy;
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe;
• Moz indlela esakhiwa ngo excising izimila nge microscopy intraoperative ka eqandisiwe tincetu ovundlile bakwazi ukunquma inani ukusebenza esasizofika ngokushesha.

Kukhethwa indlela yokwelapha kuxhomeke ngokuphelele indawo isimila, lingakanani, izici isimo samanje wonke umzimba wesiguli. Dermatologists ngokuvamile babekhetha ekuqaleni ukwelashwa ukusebenzisa electrocoagulation. Kodwa kumelwe kukhunjulwe ukuthi le ndlela yokwelashwa siyasebenza uma kukhona izimila ezincane, futhi zitholakala ezindaweni ze-non-enobungozi.

Uma ufuna luhlolo histological, ke yakhetha indlela excision. It is avame ukusetshenziswa khona izimila nge Yiqiniso okubulalayo nokuhlala ibekwe ezindaweni eziyingozi, ezifana ebusweni noma ikhanda. Nge kungenzeka ukuthola umphumela omuhle yezimonyo.

ukwelashwa ngemisebe ebukhoneni-basal cell carcinoma kuyaqabukela esetshenziswa, kodwa uma ukuhlinzwa akunakwenzeka, khona-ke nje Irreplaceable. Odokotela uyavuma ukuthi kuyaphumelela. Ngaphandle ukuchayeka Awukwazi ukwenza, futhi ngezinga eliphezulu umdlavuza. Kufanele uqaphele ukwelashwa ngemisebe ezigulini abasebasha njengawodadewenu ingozi enkulu yokuba dermatitis ngemisebe olubangelwa kanye izimila ebulalayo.

Uma sicabangela indlela Mosa, it ikuvumela ukuba alondoloze inyama ephilile. Le ndlela iphumelela e izimila yansukuzonke, usayizi esikhulu futhi izindawo eziyingozi. Uma kufanele excision leso, futhi yakhetha indlela yokwelapha.

Uma isimila esinomdlavuza esikhumbeni kwakhiwa muva nje, Kungcono ukusebenzisa eduze-focus yokwelapha-X-ray. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu it is kuhlangene ukuhlinzwa.

Yande inqubo isimila cryoablation, isb kususwe nge liquid nitrogen. Le nqubo ithatha isikhathi esincane futhi ngokuphelele kobuhlungu isiguli. Kukhona Nokho, omunye ethile: yalokho omuhle ingatholakala kuphela uma isimila itholakala ungazenzisisi futhi akuphazamisi izingqimba ezijulile isikhumba.

Lapho indawo-basal cell carcinoma ebusweni ngokuvamile ziphendukela kususwe nge laser. Kuphephile futhi ngaphandle kobuhlungu, ngemva kokungenela, ngokuvamile yesikhathi esifushane ukuvuselelwa kanye nomphumela omuhle yezimonyo.

Uma kukhona-basal cell carcinoma yohlobo ebusweni, ebekiwe nezokusigcoba ukwelashwa ukhilimu "Fluorouracil". Okusanda kwenziwa ucwaningo ku ukuphumelela kwalesi imijovo yezidakamizwa phakathi lesion. Uma umdlavuza kuyinto esikhumbeni kubonakala okokuqala futhi sinendawo encane, ukusetshenziswa interferon imijovo.

ukuphathwa Steel ka-basal cell carcinoma

ukususwa Steel ka-basal cell carcinoma efanele esigabeni sokuqala ukwelashwa. Futhi uma kukhona kuwo, noma ukuthuthukiswa isimila kwenzeka endaweni sesibazi. Phakathi ukusebenza isimila isusiwe, kodwa le ndlela yokwelashwa kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa uma kukhona izilonda ebusweni.

Ukusebenza wenziwa ngaphansi izinzwa wendawo, isimila sisuswa komngcele amaseli beyimiqemane nokwethenjelwa ngisho kancane ebathinta.

Imiphumela basal cell nomdlavuza wesikhumba ungahlosile

Izinhlobo imininingwane ngomdlavuza wesikhumba, kukhona eziningana, futhi kuye le nkambo futhi Izibikezelo of pathologies ingase futhi ibe khona ehlukile. Uma sikhuluma ngemiphumela-basal cell carcinoma, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele ukuthi isimila ngokuvamile has a ilungiselelo compact, lingena ngaphakathi futhi kuyaqabukela kuthinta-lymph.

Kodwa uma ugijima kuyindlela yomdlavuza ikhanda nentamo, inqubo nolokubhujiswa izicubu lezi zitho umzimba uqala. Lungafinyelela ngisho emathanjeni, ezicubwini.

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba, i kakhulu cosmetically kabi kancane kuhambisane nesivinini sokufunda komfundi. Kepha, kuhlanganise isinyathelo ezishisayo zingase ukunqotshwa ukuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela wakho okwelaphayo uncoma ukuhlinzwa, ungesabi, siyaphoqeleka ukuvumelana. Naphezu kungamboza ububi bayo, uhlobo echazwe lomdlavuza wesikhumba ukunika iziguli ithuba alulame ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima ngendlela exakile.

izinyathelo

Labo abaye bake babhekana ne basal umdlavuza cell isikhumba, kufanele kuthathwe ngokukhulu ukucophelela zokuvimbela kokushelela. Ngemva ukwelashwa,-basal cell carcinoma kumele athobele zonke izincomo udokotela:

• Ngesikhathi umsebenzi solar, ukuthi, ehlobo, kuyadingeka ukuze kukhawulwe ukuchayeka emgwaqeni amahora 11 futhi kuze kube 17. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-emisebeni ultraviolet kuyinto ezinodlame kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba sigweme imiphumela yayo. Uma kukhona isidingo ukuphuma, kubalulekile ukuba zisebenze isikhumba ekhethekile lo muthi nokusetshenziswa izigqoko izibuko.
• Ngaphandle umsoco ofanele kuyinto kungenakwenzeka ukulondoloza isimiso sakho sokuzivikela ezingeni elifanele. Kuyadingeka ukuba anciphise inani amaprotheni isilwane, kungenzeka ukuba esikhundleni isitshalo, isibonelo amantongomane, okusanhlamvu.
• Ukudla kufanele kube kakhulu imifino bese izithelo.
• Uma AMANXEBA isikhumba usumdala, kubalulekile ukuba sithathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuba ukulimala kwabo.
• Zonke izilonda kanye nezilonda esikhumbeni kufanele belashwa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi. Uma ithambekele ukuphulukisa kahle, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho.
• Uma umsebenzi wakho uhlanganisa contact ngamafutha, kumelwe uqaphele ikakhulukazi njalo yokuyithola.

Umdlavuza yanoma iluphi kanye nohlobo iyisifo yingozi. Kungcono ukungavumeli ukuthuthukiswa yayo, kodwa ayikho emandleni ethu njalo. Uma ngisho lokhu kwenzeka, akufanele bayeke futhi ulungiselela babi. Namuhla ezokwelapha ziye zathuthuka kahle kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kunezindlela Nezimangaliso izimo ezinzima ngendlela exakile.

Ngokucophelela ngempilo yakho, bese zonke kuyoba kahle.