Hemosiderosis yamaphaphu: Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa

Hemosiderosis yamaphaphu - isifo esiyingozi kakhulu. Kwenzeka lapho mass kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu nabo izicubu yamaphaphu womuntu. Lapho lokhu kuqhubeka isikhathi eside ukuthuthukiswa hemosiderin sombala equkethe yensimbi.

Kuyini hemosiderosis?

Ukuxilonga Nokho lesi sifo kungenzeka kuphela ngesisekelo-X-ray, zikhona izimpawu eziningi khona layo kungenziwa bazitshela. izimpawu zayo isiguli gemosiderkoz emaphashini - unokukhwehlela okubi, Hawking kuze kube igazi, iphika, ukopha emaphashini. Kungase kube umkhuhlane futhi tachycardia.

Ngesisekelo-X-ray yamaphaphu dokotela ongasenza ukuxilongwa eziqondile. nezinye izifundo nazo olwenziwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isiguli uhlushwa lesi sifo. Kuyinto ukuhlolwa isikhwehlela, igazi amakhemikhali nokusebenzelana kwawo, ezimweni ezinzima - wamaphaphu biopsy.

Ukwelashwa lesi sifo ezivezwa isicelo corticosteroids namaphilisi kuqede izimpawu ezithile.

ukubonakaliswa isifo

Idiopathic hemosiderosis yamaphaphu ubizwa nangokuthi syndrome okunenjongo-Gellerstedta. Lokhu kuyinkinga sokugembula, esizibonakalisa ngenxa ekhethekile sombala hemosiderin sebethule e iphaphu womuntu. Isici esiyinhloko lolu sombala e yokuthi liqukethe yensimbi oxide. Yena unesibopho isitoreji yensimbi emzimbeni. Phakathi izifo ezihlukahlukene ke aqoqana kwezicubu, okuholela izinkinga zempilo yesiguli. Futhi, kungaba buthelela ingene emizimbeni yabantu.

Enkabeni yalo, hemosiderin - amafomu agcinwe emzimbeni yensimbi sokuphumula. Ngenxa yalokhu Indwangu abe liphinyiselwe luhlaza ibuthuntu. Lapho umuntu eba idiopathic hemosiderosis yamaphaphu, emisipheni yomzimba zinganqwabelana kuze kube amagremu amahlanu e-iron.

Ngu uqobo ekuqongeleleni insimbi ingahlangani ngempela ezithinta ukusebenza izakhi eziyisisekelo umzimba, kulesi simo yamaphaphu. Nokho, uma ephelezelwa yamaphaphu hemosiderosis sclerosis iziyaluyalu ukusebenza emzimbeni ngenakugwemeka.

Engozini iziguli ukungenwa yilesi sifo kukhona izingane ezincane kanye nentsha. Kaningi kuna nabesifazane.

Izimbangela zesifo

Hemosiderosis yamaphaphu kungavuka abantu ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Okuvame kakhulu - isici azalwa naso ezindongeni isitsha yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini. Ngenxa yalokhu, emzimbeni kukhona Ukuwohloka capillary kanye ukumisa okwesikhashana ukugeleza kwegazi. Ngenxa yalokho exuded erythrocyte, futhi ephashini kwezicubu ziyinsakavukela wamaphaphu microbleeds.

Ngenxa yalokhu yensimbi ekhululwa khona futhi iwela hemosiderin. Yena, is amuncwa macrophage alveolar futhi zibekwe epithelia namaseli endothelial endaweni ngokweqile ezinkulu. Futhi waba nendima kwesibhamu kungenye isici azalwa nako. uxhumano onesici phakathi izindikimba ezimbili, kuleli cala - imithambo bronchial kanye emithanjeni yamaphaphu.

ubunjalo Immunoallergic lesi sifo

Izimbangela Nezingozi morphogenesis we hemosiderosis wamaphaphu futhi kungenzeka immunoallergic. Uma le izakhiwo mzimba umonakalo izindonga eyinhloko capillary yamaphaphu. Kukhona ukuhlukumeza wokusebenza kwabo okuvamile, ngokusebenzisa imithambo yegazi ezilimele emaphashini uwela sokusansimbi, okuholela umsebenzi umzimba ziphazamiseke kakhulu.

Futhi, sebethule ngokweqile hemosiderin e nezicubu wamaphaphu kunomthelela inqubo okusheshayo nolokubhujiswa abomvu egazi, ephelezelwa ukukhululwa kwe-hemoglobin, okuyinto eyenzeka ngo-ubende. Izinga eliphansi yensimbi ukumuncwa esiswini, okuthatha isikhathi eside ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa nge wokuqukethwe lelisetulu yensimbi.

Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala hemosiderosis yamaphaphu izingane singenzeka njengenhlangano isifo idiopathic ongakaphathelani nezinye izinkinga. A kungase kuhambisane sifo Gainer (endabeni uma umzimba kakhulu ebucayi namaprotheni eziqukethwe ubisi zemvelo sezinkomo).

Uma hemosiderosis kwenzeka futhi, iphaphu mikrokrovotecheniya kungaholela high blood pressure, ongaba kuyinkinga.

Futhi, kungenzeka isifo ephelezelwa sifo ka Goodpasture. Lokhu Ukunqotshwa kwe-alveoli yamaphaphu nezinso, ephelezelwa nezibazi yabo. Lesi sifo ngokuvamile kuncike amadoda abaneminyaka engu-20 kuya ku-30. Kukhona umbono mayelana nesimo sawo sitholwa njengefa.

hemosiderosis amile

Idiopathic hemosiderosis yamaphaphu izingane ngokuvamile esibangelwa izifo. Kungaba SARS njengoba lula, kanye nesifo esibi kakhulu - isimungumungwane, ukukhwehlela whooping nomalaleveva. Futhi, kungaba nemiphumela lokudakwa.

hemosiderosis Emgodini onomthombo eba nezinkinga zenhliziyo ezingamahlalakhona. Kungaba zonke izinhlobo isifo senhliziyo - iziyo, cardio kanye nezinye izifo.

izimbangela njalo okuphindaphindiwe hemosiderosis amile aphume ashone nokunwetshiwe ukuchayeka ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi, ubunzima eqinile emzimbeni noma engqondweni, ukusetshenziswa kunemithi noma amaphilisi owaphuzayo.

Uma hemosiderosis ageleza ngaphakathi alveoli yamaphaphu, ukuthi izithombe ngokucacile iminonjana ebonakalayo microbleeds nendawo ezifakwa ngokweqile hemosiderin zifana Izigaxana, okuyinto ahlelwe kusukela sosizo ukuze azungeze yamaphaphu.

izimpawu

Hemosiderosis kungenzeka ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Olunamandla, subacute futhi yansukuzonke. Uma lesi sifo bubonakala izingane, avame kwenzeka kudala njengoba zasenkulisa ubudala, njengoba eminyakeni emithathu. Nokho, kuneziguli okungekho uphethwe lufakwa emavikini ekucala zokuphila.

isifo kubonakala ukopha yamaphaphu futhi opha, umuzwa nokuvaleka kwemigudu yokuphefumula.

Phakathi nesenzakalo yezinkinga kubantu ivela ukukhwehlela esindayo umbala ibuthuntu, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungaba ukukhwehlela igazi. Ezinganeni, igazi kungaba ebuhlanzweni.

On luhlolo, odokotela banake kwesifuba, tachycardia, imfiva, ngokuvamile isiguli ekhononda zobuhlungu esifubeni esiswini, kanye namalunga. Kungase kube ukwandisa normal kwesibindi kanye iconsi elibukhali isisindo.

Uma hemoptysis uyaqhubeka isikhathi eside, isiguli eba anaemia, ubuthakathaka kanye nesiyezi. Isikhumba iba eliphaphathekile ezizungeze amehlo kukhona isici yellowness. Le ndoda ne ukhathele ngokushesha futhi njalo uzwa umsindo ezindlebeni. isikhathi Heavy lesi sifo kungavuka athathe amahora ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini 10-15. Ngakho-ke, lapho ngeke akwenze ngaphandle ukunakekelwa ngezokwelashwa.

Phakathi nenkathi zimbi ukukhwehlela kanye iphika kungehlisa izinga, kodwa kunzima ithemba, ukubona udokotela liyadingeka ngokushesha. Esikhathini ukuthethelelwa isikhalazo zingase zingatholakali kuwo wonke, futhi umuntu angaphila impilo egcwele, kube nokubambisana.

Nge exacerbation wesikhathi isifo ukuthethelelwa ngamunye kuyehla, kodwa ingxenye ukwandisa isikhathi nobukhali ezihluzekile ngesikhathi sezinhlekelele. Omunye imiphumela anaemia - Ukuwohloka ingqikithi emzimbeni. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ngisho nokufa kungenzeka isiguli - umphumela kungenzeka ngenxa acute ukopha yamaphaphu futhi kungazelelwe nokuvaleka kwemigudu yokuphefumula.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla hemosiderosis

Ukuze ukuxilonga ngokunembile hemosiderosis yamaphaphu, udinga i umbono uchwepheshe lochwepheshe eziningana. Okokuqala, kungcono Pulmonologist, eyisazi. Futhi kudingeka itadishe ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo ye isifo. Ayikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle cwaningo kwama-X ray, ukuhlaziywa isikhwehlela, igazi (njengoba ukuhlaziywa jikelele, kanye kwamakhemikhali) kanye wamaphaphu biopsy.

Ukuxilonga lesi sifo kunzima kakhulu. Ngokuvamile ukuthatha izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ngaphambi kokuba izazi ukukhomba ngoba uyayazi imbangela. Ngezinye izikhathi wambeka kwakhe. Into wukuthi ngowokuqala akuyona izimpawu ezithile, efana nezinye izifo eziningi, futhi abaningi nje ningamniki value. Ngokuvamile kungcono nje ukugula zokuphefumula ephelezelwa ukukhwehlela futhi igazi.

isigaba acute

Uma odokotela kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini idiopathic hemosiderosis yamaphaphu, impatho kuyadingeka. Umzimba ngokwayo akakwazi ukubhekana nale nkinga. Ngendlela okukhulu sifo kuhambisana crackles futhi palpitations. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yanciphisa izinga kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu, amazinga ephakeme bilirubin yensimbi serum egazini incane.

Phakathi zinhlekelele zenzeka leukocytosis, ESR ezingeni liphuma, ngokuvamile ibonisa ukuvuvukala. Ezigabeni kamuva lesi sifo livela polycythemia. Kuyinto isimila inqubo kungavamile ukuba ingozi, ephelezelwa Hyperplasia ka umnkantsha amaseli.

-X-ray izifundo

Esifundweni kwama-X ray kusaqalwa lesi sifo libhekene ukwehla ngale emasimini wamaphaphu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, phezu izigaba lesithathu nelesine waphawula ukuhwalala okukhulu izilonda sezicubu zezinzwa nezibazi isici.

Ngokuvamile kukhona ithunzi entsha ebalulekile, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi elidala zinyamalale. On spirography sobala lokucindezeleka zokuphefumula, phezu electrocardiogram - miokardiostrofiya. Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla Final kusiza wamaphaphu biopsy.

ukwelashwa hemosiderosis

yokwelashwa okuphumelelayo yalesi sifo kungenzeka uma eside ukuphathwa izifundo corticosteroids kuphela. Ngokwesibonelo, "Prednisolone" kusiza ukwelapha hemosiderosis yamaphaphu. Umuthi kunciphisa permeability yegazi futhi kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa ukusabela sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba.

Uma ukwelashwa ngoludala baziwa ukuba ingaphumeleli, izindlela ke kuhlinzwa asetshenziswa. Kwangathi ngokugcwele noma ingxenye isuswe ubende, kungaba kakhulu ukunciphisa ingozi remissions. Futhi-ke kunciphisa amathuba izinkinga, yokuphila kanye neminyaka okulindeleke lesiguli ngemva lo msebenzi kuzokwanda iminyaka 7-10.

Amalungiselelo esigabeni okukhulu ekuthuthukiseni isifo

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi esigabeni oyingozi futhi ekuvimbeleni izidakamizwa ezifanayo ebekiwe. Lapho sitholakele "hemosiderosis yamaphaphu" ekwelapheni ukuziphatha kahle inhlanganisela ejenti cytostatic futhi plasmapheresis. Lokhu kunciphisa ukubukeka autoantibodies entsha futhi asize umzimba wakwazi ukubhekana kangcono nale ubudala.

Libuye indlela ephumelelayo - ukususwa yensimbi emchamweni, isetshenziselwa le ukumnika "Desferal". Ekwelapheni izimpawu ezisetshenziswa bronchodilators, antikoagulyarnye kusho.

Yesikhathi eside ukuthethelelwa odokotela ingafinyelela, ngenkathi kuhlonishwa iziguli zabo ukudla okuqinile ukuthi akufaki yonke imikhiqizo esekelwe ubisi cow sika. Uma lesi sifo agelezela esigabeni okungamahlalakhona, mhlawumbe ukuqashwa nitrate. it is ikakhulukazi ezihambisana nezinkinga inhliziyo ezingamahlalakhona.

izinhlobo hemosiderosis

Odokotela izinhlobonhlobo eziningana yalesi sifo. Ikakhulukazi, hemosiderosis yamaphaphu libhekene (macropreparations "Brown induration ukukhanya"). Kulokhu, emaphashini ukwandisa ngobukhulu, abe ukuthungwa obukhulu kakhulu. Futhi, amnyama-obomvu nsundu cimeza Sectional lubonakale ungqimba olumhlophe futhi inclusions sinombala.

Iphinde kungenzeka hemosiderosis wamaphaphu (micropreparations № 111). Kulokhu, zombala brown ebonakalayo ngaphakathi amaseli nangaphandle ukuthi phakathi elabhorethri ukuphendula Perls babe okwesibhakabhaka noma ogqamile. Bona khona phakathi izimbotshana bronchi kanye ne-alveoli.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zitsha kukhona wamaphaphu lomuntu liwumsebenzi lakhulisiwe kakhulu futhi eminyene. Lesi sifo kuhambisana ukopha uchichima ukwahlukanisa phakathi alveoli. Ngesikhathi esifanayo basuke wathola ungqimba zezicubu zezinzwa.