Gi De Mopassan, "Umgexo": isifinyezo, ukuhlaziywa, ukugxeka, indzaba

Lokhu inoveli ngasekupheleni XIX leminyaka, wabhala connoisseur of nemiphefumulo engabantu Gi De Mopassan. "Umgexo" - i-eseyi lephatselene nezikulu zefilosofi. Its Heroine main Matilda Luazel osikweni izimo iba yisisulu ukuqhosha.

Umdlali oyinhloko

Nanguya odabuka imikhaya bureaucratic. Umyeni wakhe ukhonza enkonzweni. Matilda buciko ezahlukene zesifazane ubuhle. Uneziqu intombi - i Aristocrat. Esengumntwana abazifundayo Nkz Forestier esigodlweni sezindela. Ngenxa Isipho, wayengenazo ithuba umshado inzuzo, ukuze ibe lombhalo ephakeme.

Indlela bureaucratic wokuphila, ungacabangi frills kwakubonakala uyabazonda.

Mayelana nendlela Heroine ngiphuphe ingcebo, uthi Gi De Mopassan ( "Umgexo"). Isifinyezo noveli babe ukugqamisa amaphupho akhe we Rococo zikanokusho French.

Bacindezeleke Mathilde amaphupho

Yena ngiphuphe ebukhosini: elikhulu egumbini lokuphumula elikhanyayo, ehlotshiswe izindwangu exotic Oriental, ezibaziweyo console amatafula, esiliva eziyigugu, inhlaka, unina pearl Baubles, anombala ocwazimulayo zekristalu, imifanekiso ngobumba, i amasu ezijabulisayo, izitsha tapestries lasendulo efekethisiwe kuhlobisa izindonga. Wayecabanga yena eyodla nabantu wokuziphilisa aziwayo futhi onethonya ehola shu ngenkathi bedla grouse iphiko noma trout pink.

Ukuhlobana inkinga zefilosofi ebuzwe kumbhali

Iqiniso lokuthi walaliswa fixated kuwo wonke ukuthi esikhathini sethu libizwa igama ithe juqu futhi olunembile "isicwebezelisi", ne ubuhlungu nentukuthelo kwendaba Gi De Mopassan ( "Umgexo"). Amazwibela noveli ngakho nakuba nengxenye lomsebenzi ngokwawo, ke nje sverhaktualnym efanayo namuhla. Elegant, intombazane ngomusa babengenalo ubucwebe noma ezibizayo izingubo, ngeke athole nzuzo ngisho umndeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuthi wayefuna yini ukuba a socialite eziyengayo.

Ngemva Matilda Luazel, uma kuqhathaniswa ne umculi ukuxubha engqondweni yakhe ababethi black wonke ayehlala kuyo: izindonga anamatheliswe lodonga ukuzithumela kwezinye izindawo nokufa, prosizhennye izihlalo, etafuleni round kuphela, embozwe ngendwangu egqwalile, folksy imenyu unomphela.

Okuhle nesineke womshado ubuhle

Umyeni wakhe, uMnu Loiselle, ngokungafani nomkakhe, akazange uhlushwa imicabango yokuzakhela efanayo ukhomba ngophakathi. Wayesazisa kuNkulunkulu ukuze ubuhle ngayo nomkakhe, ngoba umsebenzi isobho iklabishi unina walungisa kuye.

Indlela esidabukisayo Matilda avunyelwe ukungqubuzana layo langaphakathi, kusitshela Gi De Mopassan ( "Umgexo"). Isifinyezo inoveli iqukethe umvuthwandaba isenzo.

isimemo ebulalayo

Umyeni ubuhle, abafuna ukumjabulisa wakhe, uletha ekhaya ikhadi isimemo kumqashi wakhe, kushiwo Ungqongqoshe wezeMfundo emva George Rampone, ibhola wokuziphilisa izikhulu, ihlelwe edilini yamaKatolika Inhliziyo kaJesu (Januwari 18th). Yena okholwa ukuthi ithuba ukujoyina wokuziphilisa Matilda nesibindi. Kunalokho, umkakhe walila kabuhlungu ku iqiniso ukuthi akenzanga lutho ukubeka kuso, njalo kwakungekho lutho mayelana ubucwebe kanye iphupho. Uyeluleka umyeni wakhe ukuba ngibanike isikhulu ithikithi, "enenkosikazi othwala kangcono."

On the ball!

Incazelo samanje ukuba nesu besilisa enikeziwe inoveli yayo Mopassan ( "umgexo"). Isifinyezo ukuthuthukiswa okwalandela kwesakhiwo nkomoni. UMnu Loiselle wabuza unkosikazi kangakanani kungamenza alahlekelwe ingubo ehloniphekile kodwa engabizi. Impendulo labonakala ngaso leso sikhathi: "franc angu-400." Umyeni wathuthumela: kakhulu ngendlela isikhathi wayekade luhlehliswe ukuthenga isibhamu. UMnu Loiselle ngiphuphe kokuyithenga, hamba ngamaSonto nabangani bakhe abazingeli. Nokho, njengoba indoda enothando futhi indoda ezithandayo, yanquma ukunikeza kubo ukuthenga Matilda bathandile dress yakhe.

inoveli Ukuthinta nokujabulisa ngentambo elandisayo yale Gi De Mopassan. "Umgexo" (isifinyezo) uqhuba ukuthenga isiqephu ingubo for ibhola. Kwaba ebusweni Matilda sika. Nobuhle kuqala ngisho bajabula, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. Phela, ladies uzoba khona ngegolide nangamaparele! Ngokushesha futhi ukudabuka empunga ebusweni bakhe. Phela, le ntombazane ayinazo izinto eziyigugu. Futhi ukuhlobisa ngubo izimbali fresh owayebonakala udumo kuye. Kodwa uMnu Loiselle futhi kulokhu ngakuphephetha ukudabuka kwakhe. Lo mdala wakhumbuza uSarah umngane wakhe, Aristocrat Mma Forestier, esikisela ukuthi ubucwebe womshado angase ngizomnika.

umthwalo Ithiphu. Ngempela, kwakudingekile ukubuza umkakhe, isikhulu ajwayelekile njengoba yena hhayi kuphela bavumelana, kodwa futhi enikwa inkululeko yokukhetha ubucwebe yakho. UNkosazana Loiselle uthanda umgexo idayimane, agcinwe endaweni emnyama velvet sikhwama.

Noma kunjalo, abanye ukuba nethemba lokuhle kuleli isethulo noveli ubeka "Umgexo" Maupassant. Isifinyezo isenzo eyalandela ekugcineni lembula ukufudumala ebuhlotsheni phakathi kwabashadile. Nobuhle Matilda ulindele ibhola, unjengomuntu esitimeleni elindela ukukhanya ekupheleni emhubheni. Ufuna ukuba bakholelwe ukuthi ekugcineni isiphetho wamupha ukumamatheka kwakhe.

Indlovukazi ibhola

Ngempela, ngosuku ibhola kwakuwukunqoba sangempela uNkk Loiselle. Ivelele ngenxa yobuhle balo phakathi abesifazane abakhona. Abesilisa elwela ebuzwa waltz salo nxazonke. Izikhulu ecela nomunye ngubani lokhu Aristocrat? Yena waklonyeliswa ukunakwa olukhethekile ngisho ungqongqoshe.

Yena bathokoza kanye injabulo, njengokugqashula wasibekela ngefu injabulo, obujabulela sokunqoba kwakhe yabesifazane Luhambo sobala ukunakwa. Wahlala emkhathini ibhola, futhi kumnandi lesine ekuseni. Umyeni wakhe ngesikhathi kwadingeka isikhathi ukuthatha isihlwathi ekamelweni olandelayo. Nokho, lesi simo esijabulisayo futhi elikhanyayo eyodwa kuphela uboniswa inoveli yakhe "Umgexo" Maupassant. Kokuqamba ngokushesha kakhulu, ngemva ukuhamba imibala kaMozart elikhazimulayo, aluthola izici idrama abangenasihe.

umgexo ebiwe. usesho

Ekugcineni umkakhe, okumenza besting amakota, wakubona cab. Lapho ekugcineni wabuya ekhaya Abafel 'ukholo emgwaqweni, Matilda bathole umgexo Mma Forestier wanyamalala. Ukuba wafuna zonke emphethweni izingubo, emaphaketheni, intombazane abampofu Asitholanga lutho. Indoda ngalesi sikhathi ne lantern wahamba kolunye uhlangothi kokulandela indlela kusuka ibhola futhi wabuya ngehora lesikhombisa ekuseni lutho.

Zonke ubengenakwenza ukucinga umyeni imigexo: wenze lesi simemezelo amaphephandaba, wathi Prefecture wamaphoyisa. Ngozwela ubhala ngalokhu indoda ngeshwa Maupassant. Umgexo njengoba ezinqunywa umndeni umkhandlu owakwakhe, kufanele e kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wayezonikela uNkk Forestier. Ukuze sithole isikhathi, wabika umonakalo ezincane nezinto waboleka - kusolakala waphula ukuyona.

Abashade Loisel e ubugqila bezikweletu

Ngesikhathi izindlu ishiywe ngaphambi kokuthoma komlandu ibhola, phezu plate kwathiwa libhalwe igama ngamagugu. Kuye lo mbhangqwana wahamba ukucacisa izindleko ukulahlekelwa. Bakwazi ukuthola omunye imigexo ezitolo iyona umgexo efanayo ulingana lenkulungwane 40. Francs. Sakwazi ukuceka intengo - kuze kufinyelele ayizinkulungwane 36. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMnu Loiselle bavumelana nomnikazi esitolo, okuyinto uyobuyisela emuva ukuthengwa ayizinkulungwane 34. Francs uma kukhona isiqeshana elingekho ubucwebe.

Ubugqila bezikweletu umndeni isikhulu engajabule wabhala indaba yakhe eyathatha isikhathi esifushane Gi De Mopassan ( "Umgexo"). baxgeki umkhiqizo waphawula isitayela sakhe njengoba okwangempela nomphakathi. UMnu Loiselle sigqilazwe ngokwabo, kwabonakala ukuqeda izinsuku zakhe. Wayengumuntu ayizinkulungwane 18 franc ngofuzo uyise njengomuntu ifa. Izimali ezisele kwadingeka ukuboleka zababolekisa ngemali. Futhi isizumbulu enjalo aboleka ezingxenyeni: franc 500 futhi 1,000, kusale IOUs kubantu abaningi.

On indlela okudala Gi De Maupassant

Mayelana Ukuphahlazeka iphupho ngentokazi ngabhala indzaba lemfisha Gi De Mopassan - "Umgexo". Ukuhlaziya indlela okudala umbhali, olwenziwa abahlaziyi bemibhalo, liye lawachaza njengoba okwangempela non-wahlulela abanye. Imininingwane izenzakalo zomlando wabo, umfundi yena ke ucubungula. Lokhu umbhali, isitayela sakhe ngokuqinile ukuthi awavumelani nokubekelwa Imininingwane naturalism Emilya Zolya. Ngempela, Psychology amabhuku Gi De Maupassant likhona, kunjengokungathi ngosuku eyibhalela yesibili.

Njengasekugumbuqelweni umqondo umfundi eshiya amaqiniso kuphela njalo futhi ekhangayo kuboniswe Gi De Mopassan ( "Umgexo"). Ukuhlaziywa Mopassan art lembula ukuthi ikhipha sihluke, bathi, lokusungula Balzac ngokubhala amanoveli. Ngokungafani nabo, nombhali "I Umgexo" wadala Tindzaba emfushane kakhulu futhi emfushane, tindzaba letimfisha, ukugcwalisa ngamunye wabo namaqiniso futhi nenadumannym impahla letinemaciniso, ajwayelekile kwabaningi French empilweni yangempela. ifa Maupassant wokudala siqukethe ezingaphezu kuka-300 tindzaba letimfisha kanye amanoveli, 6 kuphela.

izinhlekelele owakwakhe

Predugadyvaemo echaza ngokwengeziwe ngesakhiwo inoveli "Umgexo" de Maupassant. Ukuhlaziya ukubuyela endaweni yesehlakalo imigexo lembula isimo ezahlukene engqondo abangane bakhe. Matilda wesaba ukuthi Mme Forestier ayiboni jewel. Kungokufanayo akazange ngisho ambheke, ngalokwanele kuphela wamsola umngane wakhe ukuba ibuyiswe sekudlule isikhathi esinjalo.

Ukuze umndeni olusemthethweni bewile izinsuku ezimbi. Babephila ukuphila sompofu, ukukhokha izikweletu kanye isithakazelo ochithayo lonke zaziziningi usurers. Lo mbhangqwana washintsha endlini yabo ethokomele elisophahleni lwendlu amancane, wadubula intombazana. Gen. Nks Loisel kwashintsha ngokuphelele. Waqala ukuba ngigqoke izingubo abampofu. Wayehola nendlu yonke: ukuthengwa imikhiqizo emakethe, elondolo, zokuhlanza - konke wawa phezu kwamahlombe akhe. Le ntombazane yethule egqoke amabhakede nsuku zonke osindayo amanzi emthonjeni, ukuphula izinzipho zabo lapho egeza, Bran nge zitolo ngayinye su.

Manje, isikhathi, lo mbhangqwana cishe akukho ukukhetha. Nge okwangempela nabangenasihawu kuboniswe endabeni Gi De Mopassan ( "Umgexo"), ubugqila bezikweletu, lapho umndeni waleli phoyisa weza. unkosikazi Ukunakekela waqala ukukhokha njalo ngenyanga a amanothi promissory, ukwelulwa nezinye. Ukuba abuyisele nesidalwa sesithathu sasinobuso reborrow izimali. Ngaleso sikhathi, umyeni wakhe esebenza kokugqokwa. Wayevame isikhathi esengeziwe, angilali ebusuku. UMnu Loiselle kwaholela ezimali kosomabhizinisi, umbhalo sikopishwe kubhodi 5 ikhasi sous.

iminyaka eyishumi uhlobo lokuphila umthwalo osindayo yawela emahlombe owakwakhe. Uma walahlekelwa wakhe ubukeka nenhle. Waya ngaphandle izinwele, hhayi ukunakekela ngokubukeka kwabo, emiphethweni yezingubo kabi. Ngisho washintsha sibalo sakhe: wezwa emahlombe, okhalweni wanyamalala. Uma izandla mnene babe okwe kabi. Manje engawuboni noma ucabange umphakathi eliphezulu, indingilizi ahlukile. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa sendlela kwathinta poor- ukuphila kube nzima abesifazane kubantu abavamile, ngaphandle embellishment, Maupassant uthi. Umgexo washintsha kungekukho okuhle, hhayi nje indlela yokuphila abashadayo, kodwa futhi ukuze ngokwabo.

Ngezinye izikhathi lapho umyeni ushiye inkonzo, uNkk Loiselle, ihlezi iwindi, wayekhumbula ibhola lakhe elilodwa. Wacabanga mayelana kokuhlukana wokuphila kanye capriciousness ikusasa lomuntu, enamandla okubhubhisa ngamaphupho ukubhubhisa womuntu.

Nokho, ukuba bakwazi ukubolekwa izimali zabo kumelwe kuqashelwe ukuthi baqhubeka ngesibindi wakunqoba adversity iminyaka eyishumi ithemba abampofu ikhokhwe hhayi kuphela inani izikweletu, kodwa futhi wonke kwimboni azinzima kangako isithakazelo eyayisekhanda lami-usurers.

ukuhlangana

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu kungalindelekile eqeda inoveli yakhe Gi De Mopassan. "Umgexo", yingenxa ngalolu zungu esonta, iyakunqanda kusuka abanamakhono Umlandvomphilo ubunzima abantu abashadile zabuna okusezingeni eliphezulu. isitayela Umbhali sika umsindo nangawo onke amandla akho, okubangela nemizwelo eminingi ebuhlungu phakathi abafundi. Futhi konke lokhu ezibonakala lelandzisako akazange ngisho ukushintsha isigqi isethulo! Kwakuphakathi nalesi impahla futhi evelele lokusungula Maupassant, ithalente yakhe ekhaliphile, abathandwa izigidi zabafundi.

Akumangalisi ukuthi konke okwenzekayo njengoba uma ngengozi. Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi esabekayo, umsebenzi neligwadulekile evikini eledlule, uNkosazana Loiselle NgeSonto ntambama waya uhambahamba Champs-Elysees. Ngingalindele ngazitholela lapho wahlangana no Zhannu Foreste, abahambahamba nezingane.

Lokho ukubukeka Aristocrat podurnevshey ngenxa abazange babone ngisho nokuthi wakhe, uthi Gi De Mopassan. "Umgexo" ngesikhathi esifanayo kusitshela ukuthi Mme Forestier wahlala lady kuhle ngomusa. Wayeshaywe ukushintsha ebulalayo elafika ne ekhanya kanye ubuhle intombi, wathi: "Yeka ukuthi uke washintsha"

Bengathokozile uNkk Loiselle wakhononda usizi ayebhekene nalo, wawela nalo ngenxa ukulahlekelwa umgexo. Wakhuluma ngezinyoni zeminyaka ubumpofu kanye nosizi, manje yena nomyeni wakhe zikhokhelwa izikweletu ezimbi eziboshiwe. Sebekuzwa inhliziyo ezibuhlungu indaba Aristocrat ngishaqekile, wathi: "Abantu Abampofu Matilda" Bese-ke, ubelokhu esibambe ngezandla yakhe injabulo, yamtshela ukuthi waboleka umgexo kwaba inkohliso, futhi intengo yayo yangempela futhi esingeqile amadola angamakhulu amahlanu.

Lokhu okwashiwo yile ndoda uqeda inoveli Gi De Mopassan ( "Umgexo"). Ngempela, kuyafaneleka ukuba buqhubeke? Yini ongayenza usitshele abampofu Mma Loisel okwamanje? Ngale nje kwalokho, wayechithe emzabalazweni nge phantom adalwe yena, iminyaka yakhe ephambili kunawo wonke. Akagcini nje ngokuphendula balahlekelwa ithuba phakade beka njengoba intokazi umphakathi, kodwa futhi bancishwa uqobo iminyaka eminingi izinjabulo okulula ukuphila ngokunganaki Paris.

Yiqiniso, umbulali ezifana uyakwazi ukuphula indoda izindaba. Gi De Mopassan ngamabomu akusho athuthukise ngesakhiwo. Asazi ukuthi Mathilda wakwazi ukuqoqa amandla engqondo futhi osekudlulile, ungafaki esandleni.

isiphetho

indaba Okwakhe lokusungula Gi De Maupassant okufushane ivela "Umgexo". indaba Esuka Enhliziyweni ngokuningiliziwe futhi ngomqondo ovulekile uchaza indaba yokuphila ngiswa abasemqoka abazizwa ... Kodwa abafundi imizwa nemizwelo nje sibonga efanayo yakudala amakhono ngamathumba.

Lokhu Novella kungenziwa Kunconywa ukuba ukufunda njengendlela yekucala abantu abangekho ujwayelene nomsebenzi we engumFulentshi okukhulu. Kulabo abasebenza ikhono kanye nokujula yezithombe yalezi zindawo womuntu futhi izinhlamvu izincazelo emfushane kakhulu, gi de Mopassan zingase omunye abalobi engizithandayo.