Elikhulu anti-ngwenya umkhumbi "Kerch": incazelo, umlando kanye namaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Elikhulu anti-ngwenya umkhumbi "Kerch" - lesithathu edumile 1134 B Project izitsha eziyisikhombisa, okuyinto badalwa Nikolaev (Ukraine). Kwaphela isikhathi eside le BOD kwakungamadodana enamandla kakhulu isitha ebusweni amayunithi (kamuva ukwakha uchungechunge design ngaphansi inombolo 1155). Lo mkhumbi kuhloswe ukuba sibambe iqhaza kumaqembu cinga bese eshaywayo ukuhlonza futhi uqede ngwenya isitha kuzo zonke izingxenye olwandle. Igama umkhumbi Lethiwa eponymous iqhawe-dolobha. Muva nje, wabelwe Sea Fleet ku Russian Federation. Ingenye ezimbili imikhumbi esiseqophelweni eliphezulu. Eyesibili ubizwa ngokuthi impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Moskva".

ukwakhiwa

Empeleni ekuqaleni 2011, eziyisithupha imikhumbi eziyisikhombisa yephrojekthi (ngonyaka 1971-1979), okuyinto elahlanganiswa Navy Soviet, athola amayunithi, kanye kwakuwukuthi Navy Russian futhi adiliza laqaqwa. Acting on Sea Fleet kwakumane antisubmarine mkhumbi omkhulu esiyingqayizivele (isib. B 1134) "Kerch".

Ukwakhiwa umkhumbi kwaqala ngo-1971, i-indeksi isakhiwo ka 2003. Ngokokuqala ngqá umkhumbi ngihlaliswa amanzi ngoJulayi nezinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisikhombisa nambili, futhi yaqala ukusebenza ngasekupheleni 1974. On the emkhunjini, okuyinto likhona lamashumi ayisikhombisa Brigade 30 Division Ukuvikelwa antisubmarine we Black Sea Fleet, ifulegi Soviet ukuthi nawo. Isikhulu ekhaya port yaba umuzi ka Sevastopol ngo-1999, inani sikebhe washintsha ukuba 733.

izici

Okulandelayo main nemingcele lobuchwepheshe Flagship Sea Fleet:

• abasebenzi / ukufuduka esiphezulu - amathani 6700/8565;
• obuphelele / ububanzi / okusalungiswa - 173.5 / 18.55 / 6.35 metres (esiphezulu);
• powertrains - ezine GTE DN-59 ngokuhlanganiswa pair of izinjini GTE DS-71;
• amandla isilinganiso - eziyikhulu namashumi amabili namakhulu ayisishiyagalombili neshumi amahhashi;
• isivinini imingcele (imashi / ephelele) - 18/33 node;
• isikhathi Yiqiniso at 32 ifindo - 2760 amamayela;
• Umhambisi - 2 * FPP;
• ukuzimela - nengxenye kwi isitokwe amalungiselelo, izinsuku ezingamashumi amathathu - zigcine uphethiloli amanzi;
• iqembu - abantu amane namashumi amathathu.

Domestic anti-ngwenya umkhumbi "Kerch" izikhathi ezinkulu eziningana ezashintsha izinombolo sikebhe. Inkomba Kugcine - 713.

iminyaka 1976-1985

Eyokuqala ukulwa umsebenzi isitsha ngomkhumbi oLwandle LwaseMedithera (olwaqala ngo-1976). ebukhoneni Bakhe BOD wagomela ingxenye lempi Union ngesikhathi kokulwa no-Israyeli Lebanon. Ehlobo ngalowo nyaka, umkhumbi wabuyela ekhaya layo port. Kwakukhona Izitolo ngaphezulu amanzi Mediterranean (1977-1978, 1979).

Ngo-1978, i-impumelelo yabo enkulu anti-ngwenya umkhumbi "Kerch" waklonyeliswa umklomelo okhethekile nguhulumeni missile lunye, futhi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa - ". Ukuze isibindi nesithi ukuba nesibindi" Defense pennant

Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, umkhumbi waklonyeliswa ugingqe iRed Banner Military Council CFP. In autumn 1981, Flagship wathuthela ipholigoni uqeqesho combat (amanzi Sevastopol). Esikebheni kwakuneqembu wayekhona Soviet Marshal Moskalenko K. S. In autumn 1982 umkhumbi waba nengxenye izivivinyo asolwandle "Isihlangu-82", ngemva kweminyaka emibili - in the "Soyuz-84" umncintiswano. Ehlobo lika-1884, umkhumbi isuke ukuvakashelwa olusemthethweni ukuze Varna (anobuhlobo port Bulgarian).

I ukulungisa lokuqala kanye ngcono

Ekupheleni kokuvakasha futhi refueling umkhumbi akuyona imiselwe ukuza out usohlelweni ngesikhathi esilandelayo ukulwa kumishini. Ilungu nezisebenzi uye wahlola hhayi khona kanye lamafutha wadubula indlela esemqoka lapho powerplant waphula. Lo mkhumbi wakhululwa echwebeni ukuze kulungiswe.

Ngemva nokuthuthukela BOD "Kerch" ke kwaba ifakwe amasethi amasha izikhali:

• "Flare" uhlelo missile;
• flak "Storm-H";
• ukuxhumana idivayisi "Tsunami";
• uhlelo "Cyclone" futhi "boletus";
• sorokapyatimillimetrovymi siqhumisa izibhamu.

Phakathi ukulungiselwa izinto ezithile emkhunjini yalo ivuthe umlilo lokudlela yila maphoyisa. Umlilo aqala ukuyibheka njengengcono aphume imizuzu kuphela emva amabili, kodwa umkhumbi wasinda, zazingekho abalimala. Ehlobo lika-1989 "Kerch" wavakashela Istanbul, futhi ngo-August-Israyeli babuyela e Varna.

iminyaka 1993-2011

Buciko mooring, anti-ngwenya mkhumbi omkhulu "Kerch" ishayisa pier obuphathekayo Sevastopol Bay. Ngenxa yalokho, waba nenkinga enkulu ukusonteka esikebheni, kwathatha izinsuku eziyishumi nane ukuze uthole ukulungiswa zenziwe. Ngo-June-July 1993, umkhumbi wawusengozini owokugcina lamashumi amabili kulungiselelwa leminyaka, lapho kwakukhona khona ukuthintana nge-US ngwenya yenuzi.

Ngu imiphumela ka-1993 umbutho wezempi ukubhukuda izindawo umklomelo leKomiti Main Russian Navy imishini missile. Futhi ngonyaka ozayo, i-anti-ngwenya mkhumbi omkhulu (Bpk "Kerch") kwaba ezisendleleni eMediterranean Sea, eyathatha izinsuku nesikhombisa. Lo mkhumbi inikezwa Borisa Eltsina Ukuvakashela Greece. Kwaba kamuva nalesi ukuze Varna, Cannes kanye Messina. Ngo-2005, umsebenzi wokulungisa zamanje Kwakuseshwa Novorossiysk. Benza phakathi esikhundleni turbogenerator, wenza eminye imisebenzi sikebhe, iqedwe amamilimitha angu eziyisithupha umugqa ukushaya kwenhliziyo sina fixed phansi futhi esasinenjini nokufakwa.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

"Kerch" - mkhumbi omkhulu antisubmarine (262-B, "Stary Oskol" - isitsha esisha, ngenhlanhla, imayelana esehlile shipyards ukuba esikhundleni ikhehla), lapho izindaba eziningana okungavamile ezihlobene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena wayehlushwa isifo imililo eziningana futhi ramming a pier kakhonkolo, umkhumbi waba nethuba ngo-1992, iya ku ngomkhumbi ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union ngaphansi kohlelo lwe- ifulege yezwe ukuthi ayisekho.

Ehlobo lika-2011 BOD olwenziwa ukubhekwa amasonto amabili i-American missile impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Monterey." Phakathi nenkathi yokuba njalo-standby mode, isitsha has angaphezu kwelilodwa abayizinkulungwane ezilikhulu lamatshumi ayisificaminwembili nautical miles. Ngenxa yalokho anti-ngwenya kanye nemisebenzi ehlobene, kwakunokwenzeka ukuba ugcine ubuhlobo nge ngwenya angaphandle zenuzi amahora ayisishiyagalombili. Nakumikhumbingwenya diesel ngalesi sikhathi kwaba amane amahora.

Phakathi ukulungisa okuhleliwe unyaka 2014-2015 phezu komlilo iwuhlelo futhi iphutha. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-anti-ngwenya mkhumbi omkhulu "Kerch" ubuhlungu njengento ebaluleke kakhulu. Umbuzo ka-ukusetshenziswa wayo. Nokho, abantu abakhathazeke ozama Ukuvimbela lokhu bese wenza umkhumbi Museum. Lo mkhumbi futhi ngaphansi ukusekelwa South-Eastern District of eMoscow, Sifundazwe futhi Volgograd abaphathi.

isiphetho

Eminyakeni umlando omude wesizwe Naval Fleet wase-USSR izitsha eziningi zamasosha sekwakhiwe, ngaleso sikhathi zazibhekwa njengochwepheshe enenqubekela phambili futhi yesimanje. Ngeshwa, emashumini ayikwazanga kodwa ukuzindla ahlaziye isimo imikhumbi. Abaningi babo abangu zilahlwe futhi uthathe Scrap Metal.

Kuze kube manje waphunyuka lokhu ukudalelwa BOD "Kerch", indaba yokudalwa kanye nokusebenza onikeza ilungelo bagomela ngokuzethemba - lokhu ingenye Champions eziphumelela kakhulu oLwandle Olumnyama Fleet. Omunye umlilo emkhunjini kulimala imishini, kule uxhumano, nawu umbuzo, lokho okufanele ukwenze womkhumbi esilandelayo? Kwethenjwa ukuthi uzothola ukusetshenziswa okuhle - uma kungenjalo enkundleni yempi, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuze emnyuziyamu othile.