Dzhozef uHeller - ngubani?

Dzhozef uHeller - cult umlobi nesazi-American. Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, uJoseph wabhala a lot of izincwadi ezihlekisayo. Nokho, umfundi Russian sibonga ijwayelekile noveli anti-impi oluxube absurdist ngokuthi "Catch 22". Ufuna ukufunda ngalokhu umbhali nendalo yakhe kabanzi? Wamukelekile ukufunda lesi sihloko.

biography

Umlobi esizayo wazalwa eBrooklyn, May 1, 1923. Little Dzhozef Ros emndenini oswele angamaJuda, okwase kwadingeka umsuka Russian. Bhala ithalente abasha emuva eminyakeni yokuqala. Ngo-1941, uJoseph uHeller iziqu esikoleni yaqanjwa-Abraham Lincoln, ucala ukucinga umsebenzi like. Ubani nje ayisebenzi Joseph kulonyaka: umsizi umabhalane, umkhandi wensimbi, ehambisa izincwadi. Ngo-1942 (lapho uJosefa eseneminyaka engu engu-19 ubudala), ke siyakhukhumala kwababusi US Air Force. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva uHeller wathumela e-Italy. Kube asiphethe mayelana 60 combat ohambweni e B-25.

Ngo-1949, Columbia University Dzhozef uHeller wathola-Master of Arts. Kuyo yonke le minyaka 1949-1950, sibonga uhlelo Fullbright Scholarship, uJosefa uqhuba imisebenzi yesayensi kwelinye iyunivesithi ephambili isiZulu - Oxford. Kwakuphakathi iminyaka yakhe umfundi, uHeller wabhala imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala, yashicilelwa "Esquire" futhi "I-Atlantic Monthly". Kusukela ngo-1950 kuya 1952 umbhali abasha lifundisa kwelinye-University of Pennsylvania. Kusukela ngo-1952 kuya ku-1958, uJoseph wabhala imibhalo nezinguqulo ezihlukahlukene ezikhushulwayo omagazini athandwayo like "Isikhathi" futhi "Esquire". Kusukela ngo-1961, uHeller Ufaka lo msebenzi futhi uqala ukuhola workshop yokudala anikezelwe temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba nemdlalo. UJosefa wathoma ahole umsebenzi asebenzayo etemibhalo. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 umbhali Wethule isibalo esikhulu sezithunjwa amanoveli emhlabeni, okuyinto njengamanje zabuna emhlabeni. Dzhozef uHeller wafa Disemba 13, 1999 ekhaya lakhe e-Long Island. Okwamanje imbangela yokufa kwaba ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

"Catch-22" ( "Ukuchitshiyelwa-22" / Catch-22)

C-1953, waqala umsebenzi inoveli onesihloko esithi "Catch-22". Dzhozef uHeller wabhala le noveli iminyaka 8. Le ncwadi yangenza revolution yangempela uhlobo inoveli anti-impi. Kuyini ekhetheke kangaka mayelana lo mkhiqizo? Impendulo yalo mbuzo ingatholakala ngezansi.

Mhlawumbe emisha noveli wayelele eqinisweni lokuthi umlobi akazange amlahle amaJalimane noma abantu Japanese empini. UHeller babekholelwa ukuthi ibangelwa --United States gaba nabezombusazwe olunegazi abazama imali empini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsunguli ngokucijile liyakulahla abantu-sadists abakujabulelayo ukubulala futhi impi jikelele.

Le noveli "Catch-22" kwesokunxele kunobufakazi esikhulu isiko. Ngo-1970, umsebenzi yafakwa sesikrini umqondisi eziyihlazo okuthiwa uMike Nichols. Futhi le nkulumo ethi "isimo-22" isibe isisho esitebeleni elisho nesimo esinzima.

Dzhozef uHeller: Izincwadi

Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, Umlobi oyiNgisi bukhicite ngempela a lot of izincwadi. Ngaphezu noveli "Catch-22" Dzhozef uHeller wabhala imisebenzi abaningi, elaba zakudala osheshayo. Ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngabo? Khona-ke qhubeka lapho ngifunda isihloko esithi!

"Cabanga isithombe" - incwadi ezihlekisayo, okube sekudala izinkinga okukhulu isikhathi. Encwadini yakhe ethi umbhali uzama ukukhombisa umehluko phakathi nangenkathi ezahlukene kanye nezimpi. Ngakho, umlobi esabela impi phakathi e-Athene Sparta, Dutch, futhi impi English-abandayo.

Futhi ngo-1969 i-play zazivela ngothi Dzhozefa Hellera onesihloko esithi "Thina ngamabhomu New Haven." Umsebenzi wobuciko baba nempumelelo enkulu, lapho play ngasinda ezingaphezu kuka-80 Broadway imikhiqizo.

Ngo-1986, izwe wabona incwadi elisha, elabizwa co-ezibhaliwe ne-AIDS Vogel. Le noveli "Leli akulona ihlaya," wakhuluma kunzima futhi enesibindi uHeller ngesifo ezingavamile eholela ukukhubazeka.

Ngo-1998, uHeller wanyathelisa incwadi "ngezikhathi ezithile." Empeleni, lo msebenzi ngokuphila kwakhe. Kuyo, UJoseph wabuyisa indawo emangalisayo yobuntwana. Ngokwesibonelo, eBrooklyn ipaki, esemgwaqweni ku Coney Island.

Dzhozef uHeller: izingcaphuno

UHeller kuyinto ngobuqili kakhulu futhi ngobuciko baveze abakucabangayo. Ngakho-ke akumangalisi ukuthi eziningi zezincwadi zakhe adiliza ngoba amazwi. Lapha sibheka ezidume kakhulu.

UHeller wazama ukugxila zomphakathi lenkinga impi futhi ezikhuthaza abantu ukuba isintu. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokucacile kuyofikwa, ukuthatha ezimbalwa imigqa emisebenzini yakhe "Catch-22". Ngokwesibonelo: "Noma ubani ofuna ukuba ugweme mission ukulwa, kuyinto evamile." Noma: "Futhi abantu abanandaba:. Bangabaphingi bonke ngiyibona ezihloniphekayo, nazo zonke izinhlekelele - kuphela indlela inzuzo" Ekugcineni: "Abafileyo ahlale efile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuwina bani, ke ukunqoba kwakho - ukuthi oyisithobo nja efile." Lezi imigqa, uJosefa ezama ukuze abonise ukuthi kuyize futhi unya lwempi.