Dzhim Klark - racer "Formula 1". Biography, izimpumelelo kwezemidlalo

Yena - inganeko Racing. Umbusi njengoba isivinini bese beshayela. Yena - iqhawe elicinathunjana "Formula 1", futhi winner amaningi. Futhi nje indoda onesibindi. Yena - James (Jim) Clark!

ebuntwaneni

Wazalelwa iqhawe emhlabeni esizayo yamahhashi emgwaqweni ngoMashi 1936, edolobhaneni elincane Kilmani (Scotland). Abazali James - kahle abalimi abaye basebenzisa isikhathi esiningi emsebenzini futhi ukukhathazeka. Kusukela zisencane, Jim ukuthi kubekwe ukuba abe umsizi eyamlandela esikhundleni sikayise. 'Phakathi kwabantwana bakwa eyisithupha Clarkes omunye kwaba umfana owayesanda amalungelo indodana ukuqhubeka umsebenzi umzali futhi unakekele epulazini.

Kodwa ingane akusho zijabulela ithuba lokuphila ukuphila sokunethezeka ngokwezinga wahlanganyela ukulima futhi isilwane ukunakekela.

Saveza ku ezivulekile Scottish, kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuphefumula umoya ohlanzekile enkululeko, njalo uthanda izimoto ezemidlalo ngesivinini ogibele.

Ukujwayeleka ne ezemidlalo

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-nantathu, uJimmy iya Isikole esidumile Edinburgh - inhloko-dolobha yombuso Scottish. Elapho owayo uthandana umdlalo - njalo wahlanganyela ikhilikithi kanye hockey. Ukudlala njengoba iqembu kumsiza ukuba abambelele ukuzikhuza nomoya wokubambisana, amandla nokungesabi.

Lapha Dzhim Klark wahlangana auto racing. Yena ngentshiseko iqoqa amanothi kusuka nakomagazini of the abashayeli best nezimoto esheshayo.

Izinyathelo zokuqala enhlosweni ezemidlalo

Esikoleni, uJimmy kumisiwe kafushane. Abazali yanquma ukuthi umfana udinga ukujwayela impilo ipulazi, walithatha ekhaya. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-Clark abasha phathelana ukusebenza sina noyise, ukufunda ins kanye nasemigwaqweni yohwebo wezolimo.

Nokho, injabulo etholakala kwezemidlalo, futhi drive ngokuxosha okusheshayo akulula kanjalo ukukhohlwa. Jim isebenza epulazini, kodwa amaphupho ngasese ukuba anqobe umjaho Olympus. By the way, ukuyosebenza epulazini futhi bahlanganyele izinhlanga Clark bakwazile ukuhlanganisa zonke izinsuku zokuphila kwami!

Ngu umgomo walo guy uya kancane. hlala Okokuqala nokujaha nemoto, bese uthola izincwadi zakho zokushayela,. Yonke indawo, ngisho Emadlelweni ugandaganda, abasebancane James amaphupho ukushayela ngesivinini futhi ngokunqoba yimpumelelo.

Ukuze Jimmy ephakanyiswe imali ukuthenga "Talbot" yakhe yokuqala, ebandakanyeke rally ezincane, kanye nezinye imincintiswano ngesivinini.

Sonke lesi sikhathi abazali guy sika yayiphambana yakhe isivinini ukuzilibazisa esezama ukuthonya indodana yakhe, ebembulela zonke izinzuzo zokuphila ipulazi. Nokho, lokukholisa nokuyenga kancane lasetshenziswa le nsizwa. Wabona umgomo futhi bethukuthele wangena kuye.

lokuqala ukunqoba

Ukunqoba ulandele esinye kwesinye, futhi uthande ubuhlanga Jimmie ihlanganyela German ngokuzenzakalela yamahhashi ithimba, Porsche. Ngemva konyaka, eloba elinye iqembu German wathatha indawo ehloniphekayo yeshumi kulo mncintiswano "24 Amahora Le Mans." Le umncintiswano, esiqhutshwa njalo kusukela ngo-1923 eduze nomuzi isiFulentshi Le Mans, ukuhlolwa ithimba abathintekayo hhayi kangaka ngejubane kodwa ukukhuthazela kahle.

Abahlanganyeli mncintiswano kubalulekile ukufuna indawo ephakathi ijubane futhi lithembekile imoto, kufanele ukuba ngikhuthazele amahora amabili nane endleleni ngaphandle ezibangela ukubhalelwa kuziphendulela ngefanelo lobuchwepheshe kanye umonakalo, kanye nesidingo ukwenza ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo izinto consumable: fuel, ukubopha pads kanye amathayi.

Ingxenye enkulu yale ndawo mncintiswano incike okukhuthazela kanye nekhono of the umshayeli imoto yomjaho, njengoba kwadingeka achithe beshayela isilinganiso samahora amane ngesikhathi, elinde ushintsho ithimba-mate ngesikhathi esilandelayo emgodini stop.

Okuhlangenwe nakho esizuzwe ngamanga Jim emncintiswaneni "24 Amahora Le Mans", olwake lwalithinta enkulu lonke career yakhe iqala avtosportsmena.

umhlangano kubalulekile

Ngemva iqhaza emncintiswaneni nsuku zonke izimoto Le Mans ezemidlalo babé ingxenye enkulu empilweni umshayeli abasha.

Idonsa ukunakwa avtokonstruktor yimpumelelo saseBrithani uColin Chapman, ngubani wasungula inkampani yakhe ukwenziwa yamahhashi kanye nezemidlalo izimoto.

Car "Lotus" - lokhu okusungulile ezintsha Chapman, reworked futhi ulungisiwe kusukela nezinye aziwa ikakhulu ngenxa racing car "Formula 1".

Ngo-1958 Colin waqala yamahhashi nethimba lakhe siqu ukuze ubambe iqhaza emncintiswaneni edume - Ithimba Lotus.

Ukubuka ugibele Jimmy Chapman Yangihlaba umxhwele amasu kanye isibindi salo abasha nabagibeli imfundamakhwela wamnyusa indawo nethimba lakhe.

Ukuze Clarke, kwaba ithuba ujabule phuma yochungechunge elincane izinto ezincane futhi baveze amakhono akhe emhlabeni.

Kusukela ngo-1960, uJames uhlezi emotweni, "Lotus" nekucala iqhaza "Umthetho ofingqiwe 2", futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa - nasesikhathini "Formula 1".

Dzhim Klark: "Formula 1", ekuqaleni

Ngawo lowo nyaka, uJimmy uthatha indawo yesithathu kule nxazonke sesishiyagalombili somhlaba ubuqhawe yamahhashi ekilasini "Formula 1". Umncintiswano wakhe wawenziwa ngo-Agasti 14, yisikhumbuzo ku-track, wathelisa ezitaladini zalelo dolobha Porto (Boavista).

Le sizini kwaphawulwa ezibuhlungu eziningana kule line yezimoto. Chris Bristow ephukile umzimba wakhe uhlala isikhashana nje eziwele strip yamahhashi. Shocked, Jim ephethwe ukundlula kule ndawo esibi, kodwa namanje namabala ngegazi imoto yakhe.

Ngemva emathangeni ambalwa, kwaba khona omunye ukufa okubuhlungu - Kushone ithimba Officer Clark sika - Alan Steysi wafa ngenxa yokuthi inyoni sahlasela kulo.

Naphezu okwakwenzeka esikhona endleleni, uJimmy wazama ukwenza konke okusemandleni ami ukuthi iwine, futhi akubanga yize: jikelele Dzhim Klark wathatha endaweni yeshumi.

Cishe kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho umshayeli ithole legolide emncintiswaneni intsha kanye nethusi eliningi elingenakulinganiswa emncintiswaneni "24 Amahora Le Mans." Nokho, lo mncintiswano nsuku zonke kuyadingeka ukuba ukuthanda ensizweni, futhi ayisekho eminyakeni ezayo ukuthatha ingxenye kuwo.

isandiso

Isizini elandelayo, "Formula 1" Dzhim Klark wathola imvume akhulume yonke imincintiswano Grand Prix. Ubuqhawe owawuse kusukela ngo-May kuze kube nane October 8 no lalinabashumayeli izigaba eziyisishiyagalombili. umshayeli Scottish kabili weza waya endaweni yesikhulumi, futhi kule esicongweni jikelele endaweni yesikhombisa.

On esigabeni lesikhombisa mncintiswano, okweshumi kwe-September, lapho bekhuluma Italian Grand Prix, ngejubane breakneck Clarke ishayisane nemoto edumile racing driver Wolfgang von Uhambo. Umshini amaningi World Champion akukhishelwa phezulu wawa izilaleli. Von Uhambo yayehlele aphume gumbi, wafa ngaso leso sikhathi. Imoto yakhe sesibulale abantu nantathu.

Lokhu kwenzeka ingozi ebucayi uye ayithinta ongenakucimeka wokulingwa on Jim Clark. Ngo beshaqekile, yasishiya uhlanga, kodwa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa wayekulungele ezidla ubuholi e-US Grand Prix.

ukusuka

Ngo ubuqhawe we 1962 Dzhim Klark iyiswe mshini omusha komngane wakhe, uColin Chapman. "Lotus 25" Namanje kubhekwa omunye the best racing izimoto emlandweni. Ngezinye ngcono yayo "Lotus" UJimmy waqeda isizini futhi silungiselela ukuze ube umholi, kodwa izinkinga lobuchwepheshe uvinjelwe. Esigabeni lesishiyagalolunye yokugcina mncintiswano, aphethwe eNingizimu Afrika, Dzhim Klark ehlela phezu stratum ngenxa ukuvuza uwoyela.

Nakuba uJakobe akazange ukuwina kule sizini, umbani elikhanyayo yayo ukusebenza waba izwe kangaka waze - umgibeli esheshayo futhi abanolwazi kakhulu. "Formula 1" ithole inkanyezi entsha shining. Futhi lokhu baqiniswa isizini elandelayo, lapho Dzhim Klark izuzwe okufanayo ephezulu ekupheleni endaweni yokuqala futhi isihloko iqhawe emhlabeni. Kwakuyisikhathi brilliant ukunqoba peremptory: Graham Hill iwine esiliva ngemuva winner amaphuzu amabili nesikhombisa!

Ngawo lowo nyaka a sasilokhu yimpumelelo uthatha indawo yesibili emncintiswaneni, "500 angu-Indianapolis" (uhlanga, "Indy 500").

Bonke bamangazwa ngabomvu isizini ezayo izinhlanga emhlabeni. Kwakudingeka isinyathelo Dzhim Klark - racer emangalisayo futhi omkhulu. "Formula 1" ngabomvu ukunqoba entsha ngoba iqhawe yakhe ekhaliphile.

Ngenkathi 1964 ehamba phambili sasilokhu ngokuqiniseka wahamba ukuthi anqobe, ngokuwina ezintathu Grand Prix, kodwa wafingqa imibuthano njalo ngenxa yezizathu ezithile. Lokhu kwakubangelwa ushintsho emotweni kangako futhi iqine - "Lotus 33".

Naphezu kwalobu bunzima (isibonelo, esiteji yesihlanu emncintiswaneni, e-UK, Jim wakwazi ukunqoba umncintiswano ngamasondo amathathu), Clark wathatha indawo yesithathu. I kunqoba baya ummeleli United Kingdom - Johane Surtees.

ukunqoba yesibili

Januwari-February 1965, uJimmy esichithwa ubuqhawe ebusika, lapho eyenzeka kuqala, ngokuwina ezinhlanu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngawo lowo nyaka, iqhaza lakhe "Formula 1", yena kuvikelwe isihloko league ngo-1963, okubonisa brilliant okuthakazelisayo game: ngokunqoba eziyisithupha Grand Prix, podiums eziyisithupha, eziyisithupha isigxobo izikhundla. Double iqhawe emhlabeni eminyakeni engamashumi amabili nesishiyagalolunye - kwakukhona yinto yokuziqhenya ngayo nento sokujabula!

Kanye World Championships Dzhim Klark wathatha ingxenye kwelinye ozithandayo uhlanga - "500 angu-Indianapolis," nazo uwina nge brilliance intshiseko. Ngenxa yalesi sehlakalo, James ngisho wanquma ukudela iqhaza Monaco Grand Prix.

ngemva ngokunqoba

Kusukela 1966, e-"Formula 1" ezintathu-litre izinjini sezixazululiwe. Ngalokhu ithuba asikwazanga ukulungele "Lotus", noma abadali yayo. Ngakho-ke, Jim wathatha kuphela endaweni yesithupha ethebuleni ubuqhawe, inqotshwe nje eyodwa Grand Prix - e-United States.

Isizini elandelayo, Clarke yalungiswa kunanini ngaphambili. Inqobe kumhambela we Grand Prix of Great Britain, iNetherlands, i-United States ne-Mexico, wathola indondo lethusi ngenxa imibuthano njalo eNingizimu Afrika, Monaco, eJalimane, eFrance nase-Canada.

Ngawo lowo nyaka, umshayeli futhi onengxenye emncintiswaneni "Indy 500", okuyinto oluthatha indawo yesibili.

I edabukisayo 1968 waqala ngokuba sasilokhu edume kahle impela. Wanqoba nge ukunqotshwa South African Grand Prix (kwaba amabili nanhlanu uBaba wethu ezweni elinikeziwe). Khona-ke wathatha ingxenye ngenye imincintiswano, lapho wathatha indawo phambili kuqala (isibonelo, uhlanga "Umthetho ofingqiwe 2" Barcelona).

Kusukela phambi olandelayo Grand Prix, "Formula 1" kwaba Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa nje, Dzhim Klark enquma vakashela nezinye imincintiswano. Ngakho-ke, ongowesikhombisa Apreli, waya "Umthetho ofingqiwe 2" eJalimane izinhlanga,.

Dzhim Klark: ingozi

Ngalolo suku embi Hockenheimring James, njengenjwayelo, wathatha ingxenye emncintiswaneni isivinini, ubambe ngokuqiniseka handlebars imoto ozithandayo futhi cishe awekho umuzwa wokwesasa noma izinkathazo. Kwakuthinta imvula enkulu, imoto, ukusika odongeni amanzi kokushiya isifutho eside, ukuhamba ngesivinini abasondela 250 km / h.

Umbuthano yesihlanu. "Lotus" uJim azibafici nezinye izimoto. Racer komkhuba ukunyakaza ukucindezela phezu igesi kanye imoto ... Emuva ngandlela-thile kwaholela ngakwesobunxele. Clark wazama ukusonta amandla ezingeni umshini, kodwa wenqaba ukuhambisana. Ngezinye breakneck imoto ngesivinini Ngafaka emaceleni kuze kufike ohlangothini lwesobunxele komgwaqo, futhi ngaphandle kokuhlangana isendleleni wokutakula izithiyo kanye nezingqinamba, landizela endaweni okutshalwa kuyo izihlahla.

Kusukela ukushayisana ezinamandla nge imoto esihlahleni niphihlizwe zibe izicucu. Injini kanye gearbox ziye zafinyelela amamitha ayisishiyagalombili kanye odongeni, ngaphambili ingxenye yomzimba ukugibela phezu kwendawo egandaywe ngamatshe, futhi umgibeli, esafunda abanikeze asebenza nabo, eba yiqhwa.

Ngemva kwesikhashana kumile e umshayeli efile stupor kwafika udokotela. Akanandaba Jimmy sveshennoy uhlangothi ikhanda kumbangela isibabazo yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba: "Usaphila!".

Yebo, racer omkhulu esaphila, kodwa waphelela emagcekeni esibhedlela ngenxa esibi entanyeni ukwa nokulimala ebulalayo ikhanda.

Wayeneminyaka engamashumi amathathu nambili ...

Izimbangela zokufa

Ekuqaleni, kwamenyezelwa ukuthi Dzhim Klark iphaphalaze yaphuma emzileni wayo. Kwakukhona amahemuhemu ukuthi akenzanga kahle ezingemuva isondo kwesokunxele - punctured noma deflated. Kodwa lokho akuzange kwenze bachaza izizathu inhlekelele edabukisayo. Iqiniso wukuthi kokuba iphutha lobuchwepheshe, i umgibeli abanolwazi kalula kungenzeka ukuqondisa aphume ubudisi bagadesi ukumisa imoto naughty. Futhi njengoba akwenzekanga, kwakudingekile ukuba afune omunye incazelo ezwakalayo, "Formula 1" inkanyezi ukufa.

Esikhathini eside kamuva, ngemva eside iminyaka emashumi mathathu, kwatholakala ukuthi imbangela yokufa of Clark baba ukungasebenzi ezibucayi imoto. Cishe, yasihlephula ukumiswa misa, ngenxa yalokho imoto uhlanga isidlulile ukuba izimoto silalele futhi elawulwa ezandleni uchwepheshe uchwepheshe.

izinkumbulo

On kokufa Jimmy bacindezeleke abangane bakhe abaningi esitolo, ngisho izimbangi, ingasaphathwa abalandeli nomdlandla kanye abayithandayo. Wonke umuntu wacabanga Scot umgibeli ithatha onamakhono ikwazi ukuzuza isihloko ezingaphezu kweyodwa. Sicabanga ngalokhu njengendlela enhle, umngane oqotho futhi ethobekile umfowethu onomoya ophansi.

Manje endaweni lapho Dzhim Klark wabulawa, isikhumbuzo engu- isethi.