Clay Pidgeon sokudubula. Clay ijuba sokudubula phezu kwezitsha. Clay ijuba sokudubula eMoscow

Clay ijuba sokudubula ubeke amapuleti uba zenyathi ezemidlalo sigameko. Imincintiswano ebanjwa evulekile uhla sokudubula. Sebenzisa izibhamu, i-shotgun ngokudubula cartridges kumele kitted shot kokuba simise eyindilinga. Ngisho noma ukuwa ezimbalwa zithutha wawenziwa ngengxube ye usimende kanye ibitume pitch ipuleti, ilitshe, lapho uyakhishwa emoyeni umshini ekhethekile, ke siphukile.

Umsuka isicupho sokudubula

Ngemva kokusungulwa nezibhamu emazweni ehlukene zezwe kunabantu abafuna ukufunda indlela ukudubula ngqo. Kwakudingekile ukuba ukuziphatha lokulwa, ukuzingela, futhi kamuva ukubamba iqhaza imincintiswano ehlukahlukene. Ekuqaleni, lo mncintiswano esetshenziswa ukuzingela izibhamu, kuhlanganise ukuncintisana wadubula akhatshana ezihambayo ngokushesha. Umjaho wokuqala yalolu hlobo senzeka ngo 1793 e-England: kubulala eyenziwa amajuba, abahlezi neshumi nesishiyagalolunye amamitha kusuka abacibishelayo emaqomeni ekhethekile (amabhokisi), ukubizwa ngokuthi ezinkanjini. umuntu Special, obangela sokudubula, ngokuvumelana ithimba edonsa Twine, enye inyoni baxoshwa yezinyoni. Kodwa ukulimaza noma ukubulala ijuba kwakunganele, ngokuvumelana nemigomo ye-mncintiswano, kwakufanele bonyana enze iwe umcibisholo nakude kunamazwi imitha abo ngamashumi omathathu anamnye. Lolu hlobo kudubula eduze ukuzingela, yena waba okuthiwa sedimentary kokudubula, isibhamu kanye inqwaba futhi ulwa abukhali futhi waziwa ngokuthi sedimentary.

Eyokuqala Okuqondiwe non-eziphilayo

Umphakathi yokuvikela isilwane ngokumelene ezemidlalo ezifana akunabuntu kakhulu waphikisana (manje nezinhlangano ezifana bephikisana ekuzingeleni ngokomthetho). Ngenxa yalokho, target bukhoma kancane kancane sithathelwe indawo bezinto ezihlukahlukeneko, ifakwe imishini ekhethekile esetshenziswa uphonsa. Okokuqala isicelo ingilazi amabhola, kokuba ububanzi 64 mm, egcwele izimpaphe, intuthu, upende nezinye izinto. Nokho, okuhloswe enjalo ngokuvamile wavele ngokuvamile pellet nabo emaphethelweni talus ku ibhola ZaseJamaica Ziyavuseleleka ebusweni bushelelezi. Kodwa ingqondo into eziyibonayo yomuntu uthola ithuba kunoma isiphi isimo esinzima. Kodwa ngo-1880, e-America, emzini Cincinnati, imicibisholo igama Ligovsky wasungula target ubumba iphrofayela ipuleti-flat (futhi kulolu suku igama, nakuba manje impahla isetshenziswa ezimangelengele nangaphezulu) bese uphonsa kudivayisi - umshini. imishini enjalo efakiwe endaweni yomkhuleko, ngokuthi zezitsha, futhi kusuka lokhu wazalwa igama - "ubumba ijuba sokudubula".

enezibukeli

Lokhu kufinyeleleke futhi ezishibhile, uma kuqhathaniswa sokudubula, ezemidlalo ngokushesha yatha- hhayi kuphela e-US, kodwa futhi eYurophu. Clay ijuba sokudubula ubeke amapuleti ngokomzwelo ngaphezulu futhi umbukwane: ngetetsamelilwati umcibisholo ngokushesha ubone umphumela shot. Nxa ilitshe lishaywa, ke ukhombisa ifu orange-bomvu, uma kungenjalo, umahluleli ibhantshi njengegazi nge oversleeve obomvu Uphakamisa isandla sakhe, ekumemezeleni ukushelela, nabagijimi lapho sebegqoke izingubo ezimibalabala yokuqala ukuhambisa ngokusebenzisa site. Konke kwenzeka kancane, ngokuthula: lapha ubhekwa kube inkomba yokuthi alifaneleki igxumagxuma at nomunye futhi tiskane winner izingalo noma ukukhala kokunqoba ngo-shot omuhle. Kafushane, ubumba Pidgeon sokudubula - akusiwona football, imizwa enjalo njengoba kukhona okungalungile, nakuba Yiqiniso, ukungezwani sezinzwa tournaments abasubathi bangaphansi omkhulu. Yonke into lihlukaniswe ukuzinza ngokwengqondo, ukukhuthazela, intando ukunqoba.

ukuhlanganiswa

Abalandeli nge isikhathi ukudubula waqala bahlangane namaqembu, amakilabhu nemiphakathi, futhi International ukudubula Union lahlelwa ngo-1907 (esifushanisiwe - FMP), okuyinto ixhunywe izinhlobo ezahlukene inhlamvu sokudubula. State lapho kutshalwa ubumba Pidgeon sokudubula, ngo-1929, okuhlanganiswe ngayo ngamazwe sokudubula umfelandawonye ukuzingela ngezibhamu (esifushanisiwe - FITASC). Nokho, kamuva, ngo-1947, siye sacabangela a zenyathi sokudubula umdlalo FITASC kwaphuma bajoyine FMP. Manje yonke eyala, kokubili ebhentshini ku sokudubula, kulawulwa International ukudubula Union, yonke imincintiswano elisemthethweni, kufaka phakathi i-Olympic Games, aphethwe ngokuvumelana nemithetho evunywe futhi ngaphansi kophiko lwayo. Mangisho ukuthi FITASC sikhona okwamanje, yena njalo uhlelela Championships sokudubula sedimentary, okuyilona elisetshenziswayo manje ikakhulukazi emazweni Mediterranean: Spain, Egypt, Italy naseFrance.

Umlando Russian isicupho sokudubula

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala sokudubula sedimentary (ijuba) sihlehlela emuva 1737. Ngaleso sikhathi, waba ngukumkani Anna Ivanovna, eyaziwa ikhono okunekhono ukudubula hhayi kuphela isibhamu, kodwa ngomnsalo. Ngesikhathi Empress kwadingeka eyodwa ugqozi: yena uthanda ukudubula ezidlulayo inyoni kusukela amafasitela evuliwe lwesigodlo. Ngezinye izikhathi ngesiqondiso yezinyoni ngu iwindi ake amajuba. Ngaphambi inguquko ka 1917 ukuzijabulisa ezifana sokudubula sedimentary, eziqhutshwa kuphela e Moscow, Kiev, Odessa, Petersburg Warsaw. Fans of izenzakalo ezinjalo ezimbalwa, ngoba ngakhokhela lo fun ayengakwenza abantu kuphela mkhulu kakhulu. A Imininingwane lokuqala ngokudubula bamatshe yokufakelwa libhekisela 1877. Abashade Denisevich umbuthano Skeet lahlelwa ngo-1910. Kwathi eduze Petersburg, edolobhaneni Ligovo.

Izimpumelelo abacibishelayo Russian

Ngo-1912, abadlali of the Empire, Russian okokuqala waba nengxenye-Olympic Games in Stockholm. Khona-ke lo mncintiswano Uyakufanelekela agcinwe kule Ukudutshulwa won indondo yethusi, ukushaya amapuleti, izingalo eziyikhulu namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nanye, Rigan H. Blue. impumelelo yakhe, kwavula indlela eziphakemeyo impumelelo emhlabeni stendovikam yasekhaya. Ngemva 1917 umncintiswano aphethwe eyabo imithetho ngezikhathi ezithile. Futhi kuphela ngo-1927 benza ukuma lokuqala emseleni, lapho Simoni umshini lokuqala ebhentshini sigameko lishone Ostankino (eMoscow). Wayelethwa kamuva olwesimanje, retrofitted, futhi ine iminyaka eminingi njengoba abasubathi Russian. Esikhathini 20s kwakukhona ngezizathu ezifanayo ekhatsi Kiev, eLeningrad, Baku nakwamanye amadolobha. Ubuqhawe wokuqala wase-USSR senzeka ngo-1934, futhi sidalwe ngosuku olwandulela Federation of ingebe ngokudubula USSR.

I impumelelo lokuqala

Ngesikhathi Championships European ngo-1955, stendovikam Soviet wamomotheka win igolide iwine UNikolai Durnev (Skeet) kanye Yuri Nikanorov (isitebhisi). Ngo-1958, ngesikhathi World Championship indondo yegolide e Skeet iwine u-Arius Kaplun, ekusebenziseni esifanayo ngo-1968, i-Olympic iqhawe Imidlalo eMexico City kwaba Yevgeny Petrov. Ukukhuluma emcimbini othini oyisiyingi esingamakhilomitha wonke amazinga, kuhlanganise abasubathi Soviet impumelelo enkulu izuzwe Yuri Tsuranov (in the Ukuma emithathu isikhathi iqhawe emhlabeni, in the team - kasithupha, eziyisishiyagalolunye esigcwele iqhawe European), Svetlana Demina (21 igolide European futhi World Championships), Larissa Tsuranova ( 24 igolide), Elena Rabaya (18 igolide izindondo).

Uhlelo yama-Olympic

Kuze kube manje, lo mncintiswano eyala ezintathu kufakwe ohlelweni-Olympic: Hermitage (Skeet), isitebhisi (Trap), isicupho double. Sizokwenza bakutshele okwengeziwe ngabo.

1. Trap

Lokhu isiyalo kwahlanganiswa Uhlelo amageyimu amadoda ngo-1900 futhi abesifazane - ngo-2000. Ladder - ke kuyinto yesikhulumi lapho ngokudubula amagumbi amahlanu ahlelwe emgceni locondzile. Hola ngokudubula yanjalo wahlukana nanhlanu Skeet imishini Simoni. Machines efakwe ngokudubula indawo emseleni at ibanga amamitha ayishumi nanhlanu kusukela amakamelo encane. Indima esasizibekele yona kulolu hlobo lwesicupho sokudubula ungase ube engamamitha ezahlukene, it esuswa ngakwesokunene noma kwesokunxele, nge ukuphambuka afinyelela ku-degree amane nanhlanu. Ekubunjweni ibanga 75-77 amamitha. Rifle uchungechunge siqukethe Okuqondiwe amabili nanhlanu.

2. Skeet

Isiyalo langena hlelo-Olympic ngoba amadoda ngo-1968 futhi abesifazane ngo-2000. Skit ukwenziwa isayithi amakamelo eziyisishiyagalombili ngokudubula, wahlela umkhumbi kusuka ngowokuqala inombolo yesikhombisa, lwesishiyagalombili phakathi amadokodo phakathi. Plates ngoba ebhentshini ngokudubula yalolu hlobo zifana nalezo ezisetshenziselwa kummango. Noma kunjalo, akhiqizwa imishini emibili, okuyinto efakwe emadokodweni ongaphakeme kanye eliphezulu esilinganayo amamitha amane ngaphandle ngesikhathi obudluleleko isingasiyingilizi. Ngaphambi kwakukhona ilitshe, umdubuli kufanele ugcine isibhamu sakhe ngoba Butt isicupho sokudubula okhalweni, futhi shot ipuleti kusukela izingalo umkhiqizo vskidku nehlombe. Umshini, ukufakwa idokodo okusezingeni eliphezulu ejects ilitshe ukuphakama 3,05 amamitha, futhi ukuthi ongaphakeme - nge ekuphakameni 1.07 metres.

Ngaphandle tarelochek flying singly, kuwo wonke amagumbi kodwa ngazimbili lwesikhombisa lwesishiyagalombili nazo target etholakalayo (doublets). Zindiza aphume amadokodo ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa kolunye uhlangothi. Flying amapuleti, esigodlweni sezindela, ngokungafani kuya kummango has a isiqondiso njalo. Amatshe kumele fly ngokusebenzisa indandatho 90 cm ububanzi, ukukhwezwa empambana we trajectories tarelochek indiza. Flight ububanzi uyahluka 67-69 amamitha, kuyilapho evumelekile endaweni ethintekile kuchazwa ngaphandle kwemingcele isayithi futhi amamitha amane. Rifle chungechunge, njengoba ngesiyalo langaphambilini, siqukethe Okuqondiwe amabili nanhlanu.

3. Isicupho double

Isiyalo waba ezemidlalo-Olympic (kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane) ngo-1996. isicupho Double Kwenziwa esizeni nge amagumbi amahlanu ngokuphinda sokuzingela-amashothi doublets, okuhloswe ngaso ukuba hit kuqondane and kanyekanye sasikhipha plate amabili ukuthi ngokushesha asuswe inaliti kancane diverging indiza endleleni. Flight ububanzi ngesikhathi esifanayo ingeqi 54-56 amamitha. umshini iqhubezele ahlelwe ngendlela efanayo e ukuma emseleni, kodwa hhayi esetshenziswa nanhlanu, futhi wonke amadivaysi ezintathu zifakwa phambi lwesithathu izinombolo ezincane. Izimoto emi zilandelana futhi akhiwe kude ezithile kusuka komunye nomunye. Kukhona amacebo amathathu ahlukene (A, B no-C), ukubeka indiza trajectory tarelochek. Ngemva umyalo wukukhanya umcibisholo target engaziwa kuye wesifunda komunye futhi endaweni efanayo. Indlela indiza ngesikhathi uchungechunge sokudubula siyashintsha kanye engela ekushintsheni sokudubula nalapho ebukela, kuncike ikakhulukazi izinombolo ezincane. Uchungechunge siqukethe Okuqondiwe amathathu (doublets nanhlanu).

Regulations mncintiswano

Zonke eyala ezintathu ngokuyisisekelo iziqondiso ezifanayo. Phakathi imincintiswano kwangaphambilini ukunquma abavele naba eziyisithupha, okuyinto kunqunywa abawinile sokugcina ingqwele. Amaphuzu imincintiswano kwesikhashana futhi yokugcina ngokufingqiwe. Uma ngesisekelo abasubathi eziningana sithole nenani elilinganako amaphuzu, phakathi kwabo ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi kudutshulwana kuze miss kuqala. Ukuze kwandiswe isithakazelo ngetetsamelilwati yokunciphisa amathuba iphutha zokwahlulela ku labadubuli yokugcina Kwenziwa njengoba nephuphu ekhethekile, okuyinto lapho ededelwa emoyeni uyakhishwa ifu powder elikhanyayo (ngokuvamile obomvu, ngezinye izikhathi ophuzi).

amagama

Ngo Skeet isebenzisa amagama athile, ngaphandle okuyinto ulwazi abakwazi ukukwenza. Sinikeza incazelo imiqondo esemqoka:

• Ukudunwa target - omunye endiza isiqondiso umcibisholo.
• Counter target - omunye ondiza ngase umcibisholo.
• target Torn - wukuthi ukukhululwa umshini Simoni libhujiswa.
• Qondisa "phezulu intuthu" - amapuleti ukunqotshwa esingu lapho kusuka kuhlale kuphela "intuthu" - izingcezwana eziyizinsalela, yashaya ngamandla othulini amancane.
• Isikhathi - ilitshe Ukuhamba ukubambezeleka emva Bhalobhasha ithimba amasekhondi bebathathu.
• Dead zone - ibanga ukuthi ngoqwembe izimpukane kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube kuqala ukuphendula umcibisholo kuso.
• target ukucutshungulwa - ngekulandzelana kwetintfo letenteka, kuhlanganise umbono we vskidku target (round ukuma) leash (isiqu ukunyakaza ngokuhlobene indiza indlela amapuleti), okukhiphayo for preemption (ibanga trajectory ofuna ukuthola ngaphambi ilitshe phakathi kokudubula ukuba ngemva kokumuka amafraktjhini kwaba amazed) shot nge ekulondolozweni Isivinini emincane, ushaye isibhamu.

Clay ijuba sokudubula eMoscow

Okwamanje, noma ubani ofuna ukuba afunde amakhono namakhono ubumba target sokudubula, babe lokhu kusebenza. Mhlawumbe, ezindaweni kukhona ukuntuleka amabanga ngokudubula, kodwa e Moscow, ukuthola club efanelekayo ngokwayo akunzima. Iminyango ukuze abacibishelayo imfundamakhwela ihlale ivulekile eMkhandlwini pics Centre, eMoscow ekhethekile secondary school reserve-Olympic №1 futhi №2, Equestrian yezemidlalo "bitza", ezemidlalo-technical club "Zamoskvorechie" kanye nezinye izikhungo eziningi.