DC motor: idivayisi, isicelo Umsebenzi

Umsebenzi okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko, iyunithi lithembela ngokuphelele lo mkhuba of lokungeniswa kagesi. Lona eziyisisekelo isimiso yokusebenza motor DC. Kuyaziwa ukuthi zamanje aphethe umqhubi kuyoshaya kwalo ibekwe endaweni magnetic field zone, ine amandla umphumela, okuyinto linganquma ngokuhambisana umthetho sobunxele: F = B mina L, lapho -electric mina zamanje, B - lokungeniswa ensimini; L - ubude ebalisisiwe. Ukuwela imigqa amandla kazibuthe, umqhubi ozuza amandla electromotive, okuyinto maqondana ukugeleza zamanje sibhekiswe khona, futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-reverse noma esiphikisayo. Motor oguqula amandla DC kwifomu mechanical amandla, kodwa futhi kancane usisebenzisa ku bafudumale.

Uma uyikha phezulu le zedivayisi inhlangano mechanical kungabonwa kanje: DC motor isakhiwo lilula, ke emelelwa inductor kanye armature, okuyinto ahlukaniswe i igebe emoyeni.

Inductor kudala ensimini umile kazibuthe umshini kanye, esikhundleni salokho, siqukethe luhlaka, okwamanje la mandla (main futhi ezengeziwe). Ogibele izingongolo Uhlaka, futhi substrate ngokwayo ohilelekile ukufakwa kwe-circuit kazibuthe. The main ensimini emazombezombe izingongolo zimumethe udala kazibuthe amakhulu, futhi extra - ikhoyili yokuthuthukisa uxhumano.

Motor DC ifakwe ihange kusukela amashidi ehlukile, wire lekhoyili ichibi (zifakwa ku uMbhalo Umphini nezingcwecwe zethusi zokunyathelisa). ukususwa Material Kwenziwa besebenzisa ibhulashi zamanje. Basuke fixed kanye labetibambile endaweni ethile, elinikeza amandla edingekayo ingcindezi phezu ngalendoda.

Phakathi nomsebenzi we-DC ibhulashi motor uhamba ebusweni afundwa kwesigubhu ngendlela yekutsi njalo babesuka ipuleti eyodwa kuya kwenye. Ngakho ushintshele izigaba okucishe kufane nalokhu kwekhoyili armature zamanje ziyashintsha. Inqubo, kanye izenzakalo ezihambisana naso, ibizwa ngokuthi usuke. EMF kubangela zamanje ezengeziwe, okuyinto ine ukusatshalaliswa engalingani kwamandla kwabantu phezu emabhulashini. Ukuthi lokhu isizathu esiyinhloko isusa ngalendoda (in ukushuba lesi simanga Kulinganiselwa usuke futhi izinga lokulinganisa kuchazwe amandla ayo).

DC motor uyakwazi excitation ubhekene - ngokudala kuwo kazibuthe angadingeki kudivayisi. Basuke zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amane (ukushayela indlela):

• Independent kabani emazombezombe kunikwe amandla kusuka sangaphandle DC umthombo.
• Parallel - emazombezombe parallel ukuphakela ikhoyili armature.
• Ngokuvumelana - ixhumeke chungechunge.
• Mixed (nge-serial kanye parallel excitation ohlobo).

Ekuqaleni sokuqala voltage kanye armature iqinile kuwo zero. Ukumelana incane, ngakho wamanje ukuqala kungaba izikhathi 10-20 ephakeme ukwedlula esinesilinganiso. Ukuqinisekisa esibushelelezi ukuqala sisetshenziswa Resistor stepwise Inani kungenzeka kabani ukumelana is abakhethwe ukuziqalela motor zamanje.