Dimmer: isikimu bese kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita. Ishintsha nge dimmers

Izilawuli Special zisetshenziselwa ulungise ukukhanya izibani incandescent. Lezi amadivayisi babizwa nangokuthi dimmers. Zikhona ezinguqulweni ezahlukahlukene, futhi, uma kunesidingo, esitolo ungakwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukhetha imodeli elifanele. Ngokuyinhloko, esikhundleni yephula wesifunda ngo ngesibani incandescent. Ukuguqulwa elula kufaka isilawuli rotary ngepeni. Uma kusethwa le iLuminance ingxenye kunoshintsho e ukusetshenziswa kukagesi.

Uma ukukhumbula izinsuku zakudala, izilawuli ushintsha ukukhanya alisetshenziswa. Kunalokho, dimmers ekhethekile efakwe. Ngosizo lwabo, ungase futhi zingalawulwa izibani Fluorescent. Ngokuvamile, ne imisebenzi babhekana kahle, kodwa babengenamduduzi eyodwa kusimo. Ixhumeke nge ukusetshenziswa kukagesi. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, nabalawuli yesimanje ukuchitha ugesi kancane uma isetshenziswe at zigcwele. Endabeni le resistances ukuthi umthetho asisebenzi. Amandla okungenani idliwe ugesi kanye ngaleso esiphezulu. Okweqile kulokhu iguqulwe ukuze ukushisa.

Isikimu Umlawuli ezivamile

Simple wesifunda dimmer kuhilela ukusetshenziswa komugqa potentiometer uhlobo, kanye pair of transistors ngamandla ongaphakeme. Ukucindezela okusezingeni eliphezulu imvamisa capacitors asetshenziswa ohlelweni. I cores Amadivayisi yalolu hlobo udinga hlobo ferrite kuphela. Ngokushesha ngaphambi ukuphela isethelwe Shockley diode thyristor.

Ungavula kanjani mshini ukuze isibani?

Ukuze itafula isibani nge dimmer wasebenza evamile, hlola voltage yonkana Semiconductor. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa umhloli ezivamile. Okulandelayo, ahlole isibani ebhodini. Uma kusethelwe odnokalnogo uhlobo, konke impela nje. I Semiconductors okukhipha ezibalulekile uxhumekile esidayisa ukuvuleka, okuyinto has polarity ezimbi. Kulokhu ukumelana esiphezulu kufanele kube 3 ohms. Ukuze uhlole idivayisi, kufanele uphendukisa isilawuli bese ubuka ngesikhathi esifanayo ngoba ukukhanya izibani incandescent.

Ukufaka inkinobho push kwesibani

Ukuze ulawule ukukhanya izibani incandescent isebenze kahle, kubalulekile ukuba bajwayelane ibhodi umphathi wedivaysi. Okulandelayo, kufanele uxhume bonke oxhumana nabo. Uma wesifunda isetshenziswa a multi-channel, voltage kuso iyenziwa umhloli. Kwenezele ngqo oxhumana eyalo brazing. Kubalulekile ngesikhathi esifanayo ngesikhathi ukusebenza akusho ubuhlungu resistors. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka zinakekele ukwahlukanisa wiring. Ngaphambi kokuvula isilawuli ufuna ukuhlola uxhumano avikelekile. Ngemva amandla supply kuyadingeka ukuzama ukushintsha ukugqama ngokucindezela inkinobho.

Izilawuli lokukhanya okuphezulu

ukukhanyisa ophezulu yamandla aphindeke kabili dimmer, njengoba umthetho, kungatholakala yeshashalazi. izibani Kukhona esikhipha asetshenziswa enamandla ngempela, futhi idivayisi kumele akwazi ukumelana imithwalo esindayo. Triacs le njongo, ephezulu voltage (ezimakwe nge KU202) ziyasebenza. transistors Bipolar zisetshenziswa Nokho, nokulungiswa evamile awo futhi usethe.

Diode amabhuloho soldered eduze thyristors futhi kudingekile okusheshayo isignali yokudlulisela. Zener diodes ngokuvamile zingatholakala D814 emakiwe. Ziyakwazi esitolo ngempela eqolo, futhi lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe. resistors variable ohlelweni bayakwazi ukumelana voltage umkhawulo ka ohms 60. Ngalesi sikhathi, nozakwabo ezivamile tho nge ohms 5 kuphela.

Amamodeli ngobuciko resistors

Dimmer nge resistors yalolu hlobo yakhelwe esikhipha amandla isilinganiso. Zener diodes kuleli cala, i-12 V variable resistors nabalawuli awavamile. Okuphansi imvamisa ukulungiswa ingasetshenziswa. Ukuze wandise conductivity Coefficient kulesi simo kungenzeka ngokwandisa isibalo capacitors. Ukuze triac bona kumele afakwe ngazimbili. Kulokhu, umonakalo ukushisa kuyoba esincane. ngokuvamile Negative ukumelana inethiwekhi kuyinkinga enkulu. Ngokweqile ekugcineni kuholela ukuwohloka we diode zener. capacitors electrolytic nge low-imvamisa umsindo sibhekane ngempela ngempumelelo. Into esemqoka nalokhu - ungadikibali abukhali voltage okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuze isibani.

Umlawuli wesifunda resistors vysokomegaomnymi

isilawuli Ukugqama zalolu hlobo zingasetshenziswa ukulawula izinhlobo ezahlukene izibani. ISu yakhiwa vysokomegaomnye resistors AC, kanye zener ezivamile. Thyristor kulokhu isethwe eduze epholisayo. Ukuze wehlise umkhawulo imvamisa Ochwepheshe ngokuvamile zisebenzisa Fuse hlobo. Bayakwazi ukumelana nomthwalo 4 A. Ngalesi Umkhawulo nomkhiqizo ngeke kube ubuningi 50 Hz. inhloso jikelele okokufaka voltage Triacs zingamelana at 15 V

Ishintsha nabalawuli FET

Nge ukushintsha dimmer ku FET libhekene ukuzivikela ezinhle. Isekhethi ohlelweni zenzeka kakhulu akuvamile, futhi ngokuqinisekile kuyinto inzuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sicela uqaphele ukuthi umlamuli Zener ingasetshenziswa kuphela KU202 wokugubha. Kulokhu, ziyakwazi wekusebenta ongaphakeme imvamisa resistors futhi sibhekane ukuphazamiseka kahle. Triacs ezifundeni esemva resistors. I ukumelana nokukhawulela ohlelweni ubophekile ukuba zigcinwe ngaso 4 ohms. Voltage ngesikhathi resistors okokufaka ubamba cishe 18 V. umkhawulo imvamisa yena, kumele singeqi 14 Hz.

Regulator nge kusilungisi

Dimmer nge kusilungisi capacitor ingasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ukuze ulungise amandla izibani Fluorescent. Ishintsha kuleli cala kumele afakwe ngemuva ibhuloho diode. Zener diodes yesifunda kwadingeka kwezinhlelo ukuphazamiseka ukucindezelwa. Resistors uhlobo variable ngokuvamile impedance nokukhawulela inakekelwa at 6 ohms.

Lapho lokhu thyristors zisetshenziselwa kuphela ukulondoloza voltage ezingeni elifanele. Triacs ngokusebenzisa uqobo uyakwazi odlulayo zamanje ezingeni ama-4 A. Fuse uhlobo abalawuli awavamile. Inkinga namadivayisi anjalo esikhathini conductivity kagesi ibangelwa esebenzisa Resistor variable ngesikhathi okukhiphayo.

Model nge triac elula

ukukhanya dimmer nge thyristor elula kangcono push-inkinobho onobuhle. Uhlelo lokuvikela, njengoba umthetho, kodwa akunjalo. Oxhumana nabo bonke umlamuli zenziwa wethusi. Ukumelana Ubukhulu kuya thyristor abavamile abakwazi ukumelana itheku 10 V. Ukuze abalawuli rotary abakalungiselelwa bufaneleke. Precision resistors nabalawuli enjalo abakwazi ukusebenza. Lokhu kungenxa izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu yokumelana ongathandeki wesifunda.

High-imvamisa resistors futhi usethe ngempela ezingavamile. Kulokhu, kunomsindo kuyoba abalulekile futhi kuzoholela-sindisa we diode zener. Uma sikhuluma izibani evamile etafuleni, kungcono ukusebenzisa ezivamile thyristor bhanqa wire resistors. I conduction zingabantu ezingeni kahle eliphezulu. Akuvamile Ishisa, amandla ukushabalalisa e isilinganiso siyizinsuku azungeze 2 Watts.

Ukusetshenziswa capacitors okuguquguqukayo circuit

Ngokusetshenziswa capacitors variable Siphumelele ushintsho abushelelezi ukukhanya izibani incandescent. Kulokhu, amamodeli electrolytic ukusebenza ngendlela ehluke kakhulu. Transistors lezi capacitors Site Watts 12 kakhulu. Voltage okokufaka kumele zigcinwe ngaso 19 V. Kufanele sinikele ukusetshenziswa fuses. Thyristors ngokuvamile esetshenziswa nge wokugubha KU202. Basuke kahle zokuhamba izinguqulo yokunyathelisa. Ukuze wandise conductivity Coefficient potentiometers esetshenziswa nenethiwekhi ukushintshwa.

I unijunction kudivayisi isilawuli

Unijunction ukukhanya dimmer liyaziwa alula. Resistors kuwo, njengoba umthetho, esetshenziswa 4 Watts. Kulokhu, lo voltage esiphezulu ke uyakwazi ukubamba at 14 V. Lapho uyisebenzisa, kubalulekile sikhumbule ukuthi ngenkathi ukukhanya kungase ukulotha. I fuses Amadivayisi asetshenziswa ngempela akuvamile.

Ngezinye esiphezulu ukalwe lamanje lokufaka angashiya 4 A. Thyristors KU202 uhlobo olukwazi isimiso esinjalo ukusebenza kuphela umbhanqwana ibhuloho diode. Idivayisi triac Kumele uxhumeke phezu Resistor. Ukuze uxhume dimmer ukuze isibani, udinga ukuhlanza bonke othintana nabo. Leli bhokisi yedivayisi kubalulekile sisebenzise Kwe-dielectric Heating. Kulokhu, ukuphepha emsebenzini ngeke kwaqinisekiswa.