Conductivity njengoba isici enkulu babashayeli kagesi lamanje

Movement of kagesi e babashayeli is nakanjani ephelezelwa isenzo amabutho athile ngokomzimba athiya bale nhlangano. Kusukela umbono isakhiwo atomic yamangqamuzana kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela izidakamizwa ngemuva lesi simo sibangelwa ukuthi electron icala ngesikhathi ukunyakaza kwabo zishayisane athomu esakhiwa impahla umqhubi.

Njengoba imiphumela izifundo eziningi, inani ukushayisana ezinjalo electron ngokuqondile ahlobene ukuthi kungenzeka elinama ethile ukuba adabule ngokwayo kagesi nokulahlekelwa sakugcina. Ngakho, ukumelana, okuyinto has a impahla umqhubi odlulayo therethrough i kagesi etholwe egameni "Physics kagesi ukumelana umqhubi."

Melana kuba ngokulingana ngqo voltage inhlukanozigaba yamanje. Ngokuhambisana kohlelo lamazwe omhlaba amayunithi angakahleleki luchazwa ngegama uhlamvu R ulinganiswa ohms.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuvamile ukudalwa izinto ezihlukahlukene zaba imboni ebaluleke ngokwengeziwe hhayi kanjani ngenkuthalo umelana umqhubi ndima therethrough i kagesi, kodwa kanjani ukufeza lokhu zamanje efanayo. Igama elithi ephambene ukumelana kagesi kuyinto conductivity.

Specific conductivity kagesi esetshenziswa physics, ephawula umthamo ophelele wezindawo umzimba wokuba umbhidisi kagesi. Ngamagama ambalwa, le conductivity ethize iyona okuhambisanayo of resistivity. It is okhonjiswe γ, walinganisa amagugu elilingana m / Ohm mm × ^ 2 noma siemens / imitha).

Ngokuhambisana nomthetho eziyisisekelo kagesi - umthetho Ohm sika - ukubaluleka kwengosi kuba conductivity kubonisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu kwamanje okwenzeka umqhubi ethile, futhi ukubaluleka kwamanani ka emkhakheni kagesi elivela endaweni inikezwe. Nokho, leli lungiselelo kuvumeleke kuphela konemimoya eyohlobo, e ungqimba nonuniform we conductivity esifanayo lutho njengoba tensor.

Metal eliphakeme conductivity isici wesiliva nethusi. Lena ngokuyinhloko ngenxa izici of isakhiwo eheleni crystal, okukuvumela lula ukuhambisa izinhlayiya icala (ama-electron kanye ion).

Ngokwemvelo, insimbi okumsulwa abonise conductivity ephakeme kunaleyo ingxubevange, ngakho umkhakha kagesi ukufuna ukusizakala esiphezulu zethusi okumsulwa kanye ukungcola kanye bengekho ngaphezu kwama-0.05%. Phela, lo conductivity zethusi kuyinto 58,5 Simmons / mm ^ 2, kunalelo iningi nezinye izinsimbi.

Ngaphezu metal babashayeli, e umkhakha nokuphila kwansuku zonke kabanzi njengoba babashayeli nonmetals, esikhulunywa abantu abaningi okuyinto carbon. Kulona, ikakhulukazi, i-ngamabhulashi akhethekile enzelwa imishini kagesi, i-electrode elisetshenziswa namaphrojektha, et al.