Calcium phosphate

Tribasic wali band acid ngamafomu izinhlobo ezintathu-calcium nosawoti. Lokhu calcium hydrogen phosphate CaHPO4, i-calcium dihydrogen phosphate Ca (H2PO4) 2 futhi orthophosphate, noma calcium phosphate, ogama ifomula enikezwa: Ca3 (PO4) 2. Lokhu Usawoti nemiyo wezinto ezingaphili, ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile kuyinto okuqinile kanye maqembu okusamanzi (Udambisa) ezingeni lokushisa 1200 C. kwabantu ilingana 2,81 g / cm³, mass izinyo lomhlathi - 310,2 g / imvukuzane. Calcium phosphate kuyinto kabi oncibilikayo emanzini: at 20 ° C ingxenyenamba mass ayidluli 0,0025%. Ngokungafani nezinye izingxube zamakhemikhali eziningi, ezingeni solubility yayo incipha nge okwandisa izinga lokushisa. Ngakho, ngo-Ukushisa lokhu usawoti uyakwazi ukwakha imali.

Calcium phosphate kuyinto emhlophe crystalline ikhemikhali liyingxenye namaminerali apatite (kungokwalabo ekilasini phosphate equkethe kuze kufinyelele 56% Cao futhi mayelana 41% P2O5), phosphorite (inhlangano fibrous noma aminyene apatite equkethe kuka 18% P2O5) kanye hydroxyapatite (isakhi esiyinhloko ithambo lomuntu futhi isilwane). Sihlola umsuka ezinye idiphozithi yanoma indle noma izilwane ezifile. Okunye Amasimu (isib, ezilwandle lasendulo) kwakheka ngenxa yokuphila "fosforobaktery". Kodwa kwezinye izindawo, imali yalesi amaminerali kukhona umsuka luyingxenye amaminerali. Bonke esakazwa ngokwemvelo futhi asetshenziswa emnothweni kazwelonke.

Apatite kuyinto impahla eluhlaza for phosphorus, umanyolo phosphate futhi wali band acid, kanye lisetshenziswe yokusansimbi ayoni futhi nonferrous ekukhiqizeni ingilazi futhi sobumba. namaminerali zemvelo ziyingxenye rocks phosphate Lokudabuka ezahlukene, kodwa sedimentary Ngaphezu kwalokho, asetshenziselwa ukuthola ingcebo eyengeziwe kanye ukukhiqizwa umquba phosphate. Izitoke phosphorites futhi apatites kukhona ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezolimo, njengoba ayisetshenziswa kuphela ukukhiqiza umquba, kodwa futhi njengoba umthombo calcium lokondla izinyoni noma izilwane: ifolishi calcium phosphate ekhiqizwa ngokuhambisana GOST 23999-80.

Mineral wezinto ezingaphili - apatite - isetshenziswa engaphezu kwamashumi amabili yokukhiqiza izinqubo. Ukusetshenziswa Its ekukhiqizeni Abrasives, ingilazi futhi izitsha zobumba, kanye ngokukhiqiza khulula wali band acid ne phosphorus. Ukuqhutshwa inqubo ngokuvumelana scheme: 3SiO2 + Ca3 (PO4) 2 + 5c → 3CaSiO3 + 5CO + 2P. Le into is nawo afunwe yokudla: etholakala njengenceku E341 ukudla okufakiwe ngokuvumelana GOST P 53945-2010, lapho, kanye 1- 2-ezofakwa endaweni nosawoti of wali band acid zihlanganisa i-calcium ne-phosphate. Ukulungiswa kwalo mkhiqizo kuhilela nezidingo elawula ngenxa feedstock. Esikhathini ukukhiqizwa izithasiselo zokudla usebenzisa acid wali band grade A ngokuhambisana GOST 10678-76, i-calcium hydroxide ngokuvumelana GOST 9262-77 futhi amakhemikhali ukugqashuka wokulinganisa ngokuvumelana GOST 8253-79.

Mineral equkethe calcium phosphate, ufeza indima ebalulekile emzimbeni womuntu. Hydroxyapatite kungenziwa emelelwa ifomula 3Sa3 (PO4) 3 • Ca (OH) 2. Kuyinto ingxenye eyinhloko ngeziningi zezinto zokwakha futhi ithambo lomuntu. Lokhu amaminerali ingxenye koqweqwe lwawo kwifomu fluorapatite. Le mfuneko nsuku zonke ezinkulu ne phosphorus in the uhla kusuka 800 1500 mg. Phakathi umzimba phosphorus compounds emzimbeni womuntu iyaphendula isibindi futhi ilawule lesi hormone inqubo kavithamini D. izifo ezihlukahlukene ithambo namazinyo athuthukile nge ukuntula phosphorus emzimbeni. calcium phosphate livela ukudla, kuqinisa namazinyo namathambo, futhi lihambisana namanye amaminerali isekela uhlelo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, uvikela umdlavuza colon, kulawula ezinzwa umsebenzi, wokwakha collagen, kusiza cholesterol ephansi. I-phosphate zihlobene indle, kanye nomchamo nsuku ezikhishwe mayelana 4 g wali band acid nosawoti.

Imithombo eyinhloko calcium phosphate esintu - imikhiqizo ubisi avalele wenkomo, okusanhlamvu, ayo enezivikelo eziqinile, ushizi, bembuzi ubisi, salmon, sardine ne anchovies. Ukuba kabi oncibilikayo emanzini calcium phosphate endaweni emakamu eliphezulu obisini, njengoba kukhona uhlelo colloidal ngesimo micelles - izinhlayiya of core encane kakhulu zingaxazululeki, okuyinto lizungezwe molecule kuphela futhi adsorbed ion. Afakwe casein ubisi, ngokunembile, i-calcium caseinate, esiphathelene phosphoproteins, ngoba iqukethe iqembu phosphate. Nokho, ochwepheshe batusa ukuba ugweme ngokweqile-calcium ne-phosphate, ikakhulukazi ngesimo ukudla enezivikelo eziqinile nezinye izakhamzimba, uma umuntu noma lezi zifo ezilandelayo: parathyroid, ezinso noma ngesikhathi ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo ehlanganisa tetracycline antibiotic.