Concept futhi izinhlobo umthamo

umthamo wezomthetho isihloko - umqondo kulabo abanayo ulwazi olujulile wokuqulwa kwamacala ezinkantolo, ezingajwayelekile. Ukuthi kuyini, libekwe kahle isihloko esilandelayo.

Inchazelo

I Civil Code ubeka ukuthi yimuphi umuntu has izinhlobo ezimbili izimfanelo. Leli khono futhi umthamo. Lesi sakamuva kusho ukuthi umuntu onelungelo. Umthamo zomthetho ibonakala kunoma yimuphi umuntu kusukela ekuzalweni, umntwana ongakazalwa uye pravosposoben kakade, anakho ezihlukahlukene amalungelo ezifana unelungelo lempilo, ilungelo lokuthola imfundo, nokunye. D.

Ngokungafani umthamo, umthamo ayibonakali kusukela ekuzalweni. Empeleni, lo mbono usho ukuthi umuntu has kungenzeka ukudala yena izibopho ezithile ukugcwalisa kubo, ukuzivocavoca ezinye amalungelo.

Ukuvela umthamo nezinhlobo zayo

Njengoba ojwayelekile kukhona umthamo kusukela yobudala. Lapho umuntu iphendula nesishiyagalombili, yena kule kubhekwe ukusebenza ngokugcwele ngokuvumelana nomthetho. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uma bengayiboni, ingase iyiphi imisebenzi wangena uwedwa ngaphandle kwemvume womuntu, yiziphi izivumelwano, afeze noma yiziphi izinyathelo zomthetho. Nokho, ngisho nomuntu ongazange attained engu-nesishiyagalombili, njengoba yaziwa, unalo ilungelo ukuqhuba ukuthengiselana. Kuye yobudala amandla ndaba ngokuqondile ihlukaniswe zilwane. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-umthamo. Okokuqala, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla - zigcwele. Okwesibili - lena umthamo esinqunyiwe.

umthamo kwengxenye zomthetho kwabancane

umthamo obuncane futhi izigaba ezithile, ngokulandelana. Izinhlobo umthamo (ngokwengxenye) kanje: owokuqala iphathelene amandla yomphakathi izingane eziye akukafiki engu-nane. Nokho, kufanele babonise vele okungenani iminyaka eyisithupha. La bantwana bona, kukhona amandla ezincane, ziyekwe kuphela ukukhiqiza ezathathwa umthetho. Zonke ezinye izenzo, wenza lezi zingane ezocatshangelwa ayivumelekile. Umthetho uchaza ngokucacile lokho kungenza la izingane:

1. Ukuthenga, ukudayisa, enze nezinye zokukhokhelwa ezincane zansuku zonke. Ngokwesibonelo, ingane ingenza esenana elinye ithoyizi kwenye ingane. Intengo ithoyizi kumelwe babe abacabangelayo, afanele yobudala kwengane. into enjalo ngabe njengezobuKristu evumelekile.
2. Izingane kulonyaka ungachitha imali bona ukuthi zanikezwa abazali. Noma yimuphi umntwana kalula ukuthenga esitolo unamaswidi, futhi ngeke zihambisana nomthetho.
3. Lungile njengoba kuthengiselana kuzobhekwa, lokho akudingeki ukuba kuze notarized, kanye nemiphumela yabo - lena inzuzo ezincane. Kulokhu, inzuzo kumelwe kwenziwe oludlulele.

umthamo Civil kwabancane abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-eziyisithupha ngingekho, zonke izenzo zabo abangelutho, okungukuthi, kuthengiselana kuyoba sikhala.

Izaguga

Izinhlobo zihlanganisa nomthamo ngaphezulu, kodwa amandla akuphelele ukuzivocavoca amandla angokomthetho. Ngakho, kulandela umbono olungaphelele umthamo nguye likhona izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-iminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili, kodwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-nane. Izingane ezinjalo unekhono ukuba basebenzise amalungelo abo ezingaphezu kuka ububanzi. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kwabathile bayakwazi ukwenza izenzo efanayo abasebancane kakhulu, bathi unga:

1. Vula ama-akhawunti e amabhange.
2. Be exhasiwe.
3. Bamba iqhaza co-op.

Nokho, izenzo bakwazi ukukhiqiza bebodwa. umthamo wabo ivumela ingane enjalo ukukhiqiza cishe noma yikuphi okwenziwayo ngenkululeko abazali babo, futhi engekho yokugcina - ngemvume abalondolozi. Ngokwesibonelo, ingane eneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-iminyaka engu-15 isivele ukwazi ukwenza ukuthengwa nokudayiswa ingcebo, uma kukhona imvume ebhaliwe abameleli zomthetho.

zigcwele

Njengoba sekushiwo, amandla Imininingwane iza ubudala. Nokho, umkhuba kuba khona amandla anjalo kubonakala futhi izingane. Imithetho ovunyelwe ukuqaphela ukuthi abantu abanjalo ecacisiwe umthamo, kodwa kuphela uma ihlangabezana nezidingo.

Ngokwesibonelo, abazali ingane inelungelo ukunikeza imvume indodana noma indodakazi yakhe amandla efakwe ngokugcwele, uma yena, bekwi imisebenzi zabasebenzi, iholo. Bangase ukuzibandakanya emsebenzini ebhizinisi, futhi ngeke kube isizinda. Nokho, uma amanye ngohlobo lomzali engavumi ukwenza ingane yakhe enwetshiwe ilungelo lakhe, yena ungaphikisana ezinkantolo. Khona-ke ijaji ukuxazulula le nkinga.

Esinye isizathu nomshado. Yiqiniso, umshado kufanele kube semthethweni futhi obhalisiwe ngezidumbu ogunyaziwe. Kukholakala ukuthi labo Isibopho somshado izingane kumele babe nelungelo kusebentisa nobe ngabe nguliphi izinyathelo zomthetho.

umthamo Limited ebusweni

Izinhlobo umthamo zihlanganisa ikhono okugcwele esinqunyiwe, kodwa futhi inguqulo ukuhluka yalo. Civil Code livikeleke Article 29 Umkhawulo ka umthamo - umkhawulo lokho okubizwa ngomlobokazi amalungelo abantu nge umthamo elisemthethweni. Ngokusho kwale mithetho, ukuthi igunyaziwe ukuthatha izinyathelo ezinjalo kuphela inkantolo, futhi ezithathwe maqondana izakhamuzi abaye bahlupheka i utshwala noma izidakamizwa. Inkantolo ngesicelo amalungu omndeni noma nabanye abanentshisekelo kungakhawulela nabo ekusebenziseni amalungelo abo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokomthetho ngokuvamile zenzeka ezimweni lapho abantu abanjalo ogulayo sinqatshiwe ukwenza ukuthengiselana.

Umkhawukho wesikhathi umthamo - yisikali lapho umuntu kwakumelwe zikhalele, a isihlobo esigulayo njengoba enesifo sengqondo. Inqubo nokuswela (kunomkhawulo) amalungelo esimweni esinjalo futhi kwenziwe ezinkantolo. Uma ukugula ngengqondo kakhulu, bangakwazi ukuziphatha ngendlela nhlobo kungase kupheze.

isiphetho

Ngakho, ukuba basebenzise amalungelo abo, kanye ukudala ezinye imisebenzi akufanele bonke abantu - ichaza GC. Iyini ivolumu? Umthamo izinga, okuyinto aluthola ubudala, kodwa ingakulahlekela ezimweni ezithile. Esinye isici esivelele le mfanelo ukuthi akunakuba ukudlula, awukwazi ziwushiye. Izinhlobo umthamo okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko, ezifaka, kodwa kwezinye izimo kukhona okuhlukile ukuthi, njengoba kufanele kubhekwe kuphela izinkantolo.