Church of Ioanna Predtechi e Presnya. Church of Ioanna Predtechi e Kolomenskoye

Baptist ioann Predtecha, elingcwele, eyandulela likaJesu Kristu. Banamathela ukuzila, wayehlala ehlane bashumayela babezihlambulula engcwele, eyaziwa kamuva ngokuthi isiko sikhathi ngokuphathelene nobhapathizo. Ioanna Predtechi imifanekiso abe umehluko ekhethekile - asesandleni sakhe sokhohlo saint egcina engu- ukuqhakaza.

ngokunqunywa

Ngenxa namaqhinga Jewish Queen kaHerodiya nendodakazi yakhe uSalome ioann Predtecha ukuthi ikhanda entolongweni, yena waba anqunywe ikhanda. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, eRussia kukhona umkhosi ngokunqunywa of Ioanna Predtechi, olungena ngo-August 29. Kumemori kaJohane yokuHlawula okusheshayo esiqinile siyenzeka ngalolu suku.

Ukuthandwa uJohane uMbhapathizi ikakhulukazi lenyuka phakathi nokubusa Ivana Groznogo, futhi kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-16 kulo lonke elaseRussia wakhela ayenikezelwe uMbhapathizi uNkulunkulu Ongcwele.

indawo

Amasonto edume kakhulu futhi ababhishobhi Ioanna Predtechi etholakala emadolobheni amakhulu aseRussia. Ngezansi uhlu amasonto ekhona:

• Church of the Ukuzalwa KukaKristu ka Ioanna Predtechi eMoscow Presnya.
• Ithempeli Kolomna.
• I-Church of the ngokunqunywa likaJohane uMbhapathizi e Kaluga.
• Church of the Holy Baptist Brateevo.
• Baptist Church Kerch.
• Temple Baptist e Nizhny Novgorod.
• isonto Ioanna Predtechi e Kirov.

Ngaphezu kwalezi amathempeli, kunezindlela eziningi zamasonto eRussia, elalinikezelwe Baptist oNgcwele.

Church in Moscow

Church of Ioanna Predtechi e Presnya Yakhiwa esikhathini kusuka 1714 kuya 1734. Ngo-1804 kwaba khona umlilo, umlilo wabhubhisa lokhuni isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi. Umonakalo ISonto liye labhekana eziphathekayo, kanye Orthodox Diocese of eMoscow unqume kabusha umbhoshongo insimbi eyenziwe ngetshe. Kwakufanele ukwakha ezintathu abaphuma isakhiwo 25 amamitha eliphezulu inhloko kanye esiphambanweni. Kulesi phrojekthi abathintekayo emnyango esontweni ngokusebenzisa kabili lwaleli Palladian elise phakathi izinsika rusticated. Isakhiwo ezakhiwo ukubaluleka imba eqolo, kanti e Moscow kwakungekho umbhoshongo insimbi zalolu hlobo, ngaphandle omkhulu belfry ezine-tiered Kudrinskaia Bandla lokulabhela Virgin.

isibambiso abavikela

ukunakwa okuningi ikhokhelwa ilungiselelo abaklami we Refectory yesonto. Ngajoyina iphrojekthi eyaziwa eMoscow wezakhiwo - Shestakov Fedor Mihaylovich. Refectory kanye nezakhiwo eziningi ezixhumene ezihlobene kwakumelwe ezakhiwe ekwindla 1828. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane umlamulajuqu ukwakhiwa isibambiso asibonisa yizicukuthwane zesonto, ikhansela isimo, Ushakov Nikolay vasilevich.

Phakathi neminyaka engu-kwamandla Soviet, ethempelini Ioanna Predtechi e Presnya asamukelanga imali kusuka isimo futhi yayikhona kuphela iminikelo of amalungu esonto. Kwakuyinkathi nzima liBandla abapristi abahlala bethembekile kuze kube wobuciko yezakhiwo.

yokutakula

Futhi lapho kwaba ngemva kwezikhathi zokulotshwa Soviet, isonto Ioanna Predtechi e Presnya esasisanda kuyilungisa, eminyakeni 90 uyise Abbot Nicholas okuqalwe emsebenzini wokulungisa. Ngokuphelele indawo ophahleni, zonke skates embozwe amashidi zethusi. cross eyayibhalwe phezu kombhoshongo insimbi, umbhoshongo insimbi zase zimile. Emnyango yebandla ekhethekile niches imifanekiso efakiwe. Bell futhi isithunywa savuthela ixilongo, enhle ikakhulukazi ikholi entsha insimbi enkulu, baletha ekude.

Ukulungiswa Special Government of eMoscow umhlabathi owenganyelwe yibandla f waphindiselwa esingamahektare 13. Ngakho, iSonto Ioanna Predtechi e Presnya savuka ngokugcwele. besonto Nokubonga bayahamba yokulima izwe ukuthola kumoba imvelo.

Church Kolomenskoye

Church of St Ioanna Predtechi, okuyinto ngokuyisisekelo etholakala edolobhaneni Djakovo, ezakhiwe engxenyeni kwekhulu le-16 yesibili. Itholakala eduze ezikhangayo esemqoka Kolomna - Church of the Ascension, elakhiwa ngo-1534. Nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu Elingcwele Baptist libhekisela stolpoobraznym izakhiwo sacral. Ososayensi, izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi isonto sanikezelwa kubekwa wokugcotshwa Ivana Groznogo (ngo-1547). Nakuba abanye ochwepheshe bathambekele bakholelwa ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwethempeli lihlotshaniswa ukuzalwa Tsarevich Ivan, yazalwa ngo-1554.

Kunoma ikuphi, isonto Ioanna Predtechi e Kolomenskoye lakhiwa, futhi okwangaleso sikhathi-ke ngempela wakhonza imithandazo zomphakathi impilo Prince Ivan. Kamuva, ibandla isingathwe abakhulekeli bevela nxazonke, Muscovites kanye nezakhamuzi imizana eseduze.

Ubunye isitayela

Ithempeli kuyinto emaphakathi octahedron ukuphakama 35 metres ne eduze aisles ezine ezinde (amamitha 17 ngamunye). Zonke izakhiwo ezinhlanu zixhunywe igalari enompheme. On the olungaphambili lwesonto entshonalanga kombhede igalari, sithwele umbhoshongo insimbi, elisetendeni bokwakhiwa kwezindlu zayo wenanela belfry Dukhovskoy isonto e Sergiev Posad. Wabuka zangaphandle zezinsika neuropathy ezibonisa isitayela Pskov izakhiwo zesonto.

buyekeza

Church of Ioanna Predtechi e Kolomenskoye ukuthi kakhulu alungisa ngo-1964, njengoba kuvuselelwa kwenziwe ukuze ubuyisele ukubonakala yasekuqaleni. Endaweni yokuqala ke kwakususiwe futhi elicwengisiswe izingcezu izigcawu yisakhiwo sodumo phezu kwengungu Dome of the insika ebalulekile. Phakathi nomsebenzi wokuvuselela umhlaba ngemva izici esiyingqayizivele imidwebo Kwatholakala, ukubaluleka okukhulu ososayensi abakwazanga ukukuchaza. Ucwaningo usaqhubeka, kodwa akukho imiphumela ukhonkolo okwamanje.

isonto Vyatka

Kukhona umuzi omkhulu Kirov. Church of Ioanna Predtechi alithathe yezindawo kuqala uhlu ezikhangayo. Ibandla lakhiwa iminyaka 1711-1723, futhi senziwa ukundlula esinqumweni uPetru mina, okuyinto ngokuqinile okunqanda izakhiwo itshe ensimini ka-Russia, ngaphandle Petersburg.

izakhiwo zethempeli ephinda izimiso izakhiwo ezingcwele, abalinqabayo abakhi balandela ngokuqinile. Ingxenye engezansi khona octagon, le fomu ezivumelana amasonto ngokhuni, futhi cishe akasoze elisetshenziswa isakhiwo itshe. Ngempela, ibandla lokuqala elakhiwe ezingodweni esezomile ukusetha ifreyimu phezu earthworks eduze amasango omuzi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1711. Ngesikhathi esifanayo esifunda lahlelwa. St Ioanna Predtechi Temple lanikezelwa, futhi kwaba iyindawo ethandwa kakhulu yizivakashi abantu abathembekile.

Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, umpristi Luka ne churchwarden Gregory ngokusekelwa ibandla lanquma ukwakha isonto itshe. Erection sezithathe isikhathi eside, le Refectory futhi isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi ebesezilungele kuphela ekupheleni 20-s kwekhulu XVIII. Kususelwa insika square waphumula umbhoshongo octagonal nge belfry kanye cupola encane sigubhu ezijulile. Ukuma engxenyeni engenhla ethempelini iye lathathwa Church of the Ustyug Omkhulu.

Khona-ke izikhathi ezimbalwa Dweba Refectory, okwakubonakala amnyama futhi banzi ngokwanele. Ukwakhiwa kabusha sehle kakhulu ephakanyiswe kwethempeli emaphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela ithuba ukwakha izibani phezulu.

Phakathi neminyaka engu-kwamandla Soviet, ithempeli elahlekile octagons futhi eziyizitezi engenhla insimbi yesonto, ngoba iguqulwe ibe zomlando party. Khona-ke (kusukela ngo-1961) esontweni itholakala the izinkanyezi, lapho zathuthelekela ukubheka izinkanyezi umuzi wonke Kirov. Church of Ioanna Predtechi wabuyela ethembekileyo kuphela ekuseni 90-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule. Wonke amakamelo kwadingeka ukuba ukulungisa kanye kabusha kabusha, ukubuyela ukubukeka yokuqala yebandla.

Church of Ioanna Predtechi, Nizhny Novgorod

Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke Orthodox besifunda-bhishobhi Arzamas. Umlando walo itholakala ngokuba sibuyele emuva ekhulwini le-16.

I-parish yaziwa kusukela ngekhulu le-15 njengoba esontweni sokhuni Ioanna Predtechi Kletskaya ku Nizheposadskom bargaining.

Ngo 1676, umthengisi Dranishnikov Gavriil Stepanovich wathola umusa Metropolitan Filaret ukuze kwakhiwe ibandla itshe ngemali yakhe siqu. Ukwakha wayefuna kabusha ukuzibophezela kwabo ukholo Orthodox, ukuba abe umkakhe, kanye nendodana yakhe yashintsha yaba Amakholwa Old, futhi umhlalaphansi ukuba Kerzhensky zezindela. Emva kokuthola imvume yokwakha umthengisi imali ku yephrojekthi, naphezu kokugula kwakhe nempilo ebuthaka, waya emsebenzini.

Nokho, ngo-August 1679 Dranishnikov Gabriel wafa, ithempeli laphela ngemizamo umfowabo Lawrence. Ibandla lakhiwe okusezingeni eliphezulu isitini isisekelo, ekamelweni elingaphakathi lapho kamuva zasetshenziselwa letting umphakatsi welibhola letinyawo yomthengisi. Njengoba inzuzo vein yomthengisi omakhi sikhathi wabonakalisa. Esikhathini kwendalo yebandla Ioanna Predtechi huckster ukufuna izinzuzo.

Nokho, ibandla elakhiwa phezu kwalo. Ngo-1855, ithempeli enamathiselwe yesonto Aleksandra Nevskogo. Eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu kamuva, umbhoshongo insimbi lavuselelwa ngokuphelele. Ekugcineni, ngo-1899 kwaba bayeke altare.

Uhulumeni waseSoviet akangayiletha isonto Ioanna Predtechi into enhle. Ngo-1937, i-wesigodlo wadutshulwa ngemiyalo yezikhulu Beria, isonto ibekwe inhlangano DOSAAF.

Nizhny Novgorod bhishobhi wathola emuva impahla yabo ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union ngo-90s kwekhulu elidlule. Ngo-1994, isevisi zaqala ukuhlasela, kwathi ngemva kweminyaka engu-10 ibandla uSanta uJohane uMbhapathizi waphenduka ukulungiswa. izimali Multimillion etholakale abashisekeli, e umnikelo ethile emihle owethulwa PPM Balakhninsky. Ukulungiswa kwenziwe ngokushesha ngokwanele, entwasahlobo ka-2005 kakade ngayingcwelisa engu- ezintathu omusha Dome, futhi ngo-August, setha isiphambano Dome futhi isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi. Akumangalisi, ngesikhathi elungisa inkonzo ethempelini baqhubeka.

Church of St John e Kaluga

Kaluga Church of Ioanna Predtechi wayedabuka sokhuni, eligoqiwe aphume pine ezomile. Wasukuma khona ngo-1735, lapho kuqubuka umlilo emzini. Ibandla lashisa, kanye izindlu. Sacristan wakwazi ukwenza isithonjana, futhi wafa ngomlilo. Umlotha angabekwa kusayithi nisishisile isonto yamisa isonto itshe.

Enye ukushaqeka kwenzeka ngo-1956. iziphathimandla zedolobha Kaluga acekela altare yesonto, phumela emgwaqeni eMoscow futhi ngokusobala iyakwenqabela ukujikeleza imoto. Abakhulekeli ke uma kuqhathaniswa ne izenzo esigungu "we ngokunqunywa", by Isifaniso neqiniso lokuthi Ioannu Predteche yena wayeke anqunywe ikhanda.

Ngo-1995, ekugcineni ithempeli ezandleni Orthodox besifunda-bhishobhi Kaluga. Kuthethe iminyaka emithathu wokubuyiselwa izakhiwo zesonto wobuciko, okuyinto iSonto Ioanna Predtechi. ngokushesha Kaluga ukugubha ekuqaleni yokukhulekela. Namuhla, isonto ivuliwe kuSonto-sikole.

Church of Ioanna Predtechi e Kerch

Isakhiwo sesonto endala eRussia - isonto cross-oluyingungu ka uSanta uJohane uMbhapathizi, Nkulunkulu - itholakala enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea. Yakha isikhathi kunqunywa VIII-IX eminyaka AD. Phakathi ukubuyiselwa isonto wokwakha atholakele "resonators" - amphoras, ukushicilela blares enyakaza lapho umoya. Ithempeli yakhiwe zamatshe amhlophe, nese imigqa ngezitini ezibomvu. Lokhu wokwakha babevamile izakhiwo WaseByzantium.

Kusukela ngo-1974 kuya 1978 esontweni kwabuyiselwa. Kwakudingekile ukuba uqinise Dome ezimaphakathi nezwe, bese ehlaselwe nesikhathi kunyakaza zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ngaphakathi efakwe Uhlaka metal kanzima, futhi abaculi seniyenzile umdwebo ofanayo olukhonkiwe lasendulo. Lapho beqeda umsebenzi wokubuyisela ethempelini wavula setfulo okhethekile Kerch Museum of History.

Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-angamakhulu ayisithupha edlule, lapho i-Black futhi Azov ezilwandle babekhona amandla Genoese kanye Kerch Strait wayegqoke igama iSt John, yindawo yokugogobala ngoba kwamakholwa angama-Orthodox baba ethempelini Ioanna Predtechi. Kerch kubhekwa elinye lamadolobha yenkolo kunazo eCrimea. Namuhla, ngakho-ke, Sabefundisi eMoscow Bachitha izimali ezishisiwe bethenga ukugcinwa isonto ezikhona.

Brateevo, ikheli, indawo yethempeli

Esikhathini eMoscow endaweni kamasipala Brateevo, eningizimu-mpumalanga dolobha, kuba ethempelini ngokunqunywa of Ioanna Predtechi. I-parish yaziwa kusukela ngekhulu le-16, isonto kwetshe Brateevo, Ioanna Predtechi, elakhiwa ngo-1892. Ibandla kwase kunezinto ezimbili okufanele sobukhosi, induna, iBaptisti Nkulunkulu, futhi ohlangothini, Arhangela Mihaila.

Khona-ke abantu abangaphezu kwengxenye ethempelini ekhulwini okukhona iminikelo of amalungu esonto. Phakathi kwempi yezwe yesibili, ibandla labhujiswa ngokuphelele. Khona-ke isikhathi eside ngemva kwezikhathi zokulotshwa impi akabavumelanga ukuqala ukwakhiwa isonto elisha, futhi kuphela ngo-1996, ethempelini Brateevo, uJohane uMbhapathizi abuyiselwe. Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo amasevisi ngokugcwele.

Besonto bayakujabulela ukuvakashela esontweni Ioanna Predtechi. ikheli Brateevo: 115563, eMoscow, Kashirskoye, 61A.