Bolshoi Theatre lapho? Umlando Bolshoi Theatre

Empeleni leli hholo edume kakhulu eRussia futhi omunye amathiyetha labadvumile emhlabeni - a nkundla enkulu. Likuphi yaseshashalazini main wezwe? Nokho, yebo, kulowo muzi main - eMoscow. repertoire yakhe ihlanganisa i-opera, i-ballet ukusebenza bomculo Russian kanye angaphandle classical. Ngaphandle nje kokuthi repertoire classical, kodwa leyo ndawo yeshashalazi njalo ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo ezintsha futhi zanamuhla. Umlando Bolshoi Theatre unothile kakhulu futhi axhunyiwe amagama abantu ababalulekile ezweni lethu. Ngo-March 2015 ethiyetha azenzile iminyaka 239.

Indlela Bonke baqala

I ukhokho Bolshoi Theatre kubhekwa Prince Potr vasilevich Urusov, wayengumuntu umshushisi yesifundazwe futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo unendlela yawo yaseshashalazini qembu. Nguye kuphela wavunyelwa ukuba ahlele ukusebenza, masquerades, amakhonsathi neminye ukuzijabulisa. Ngaphezu kwanoma ubani akuvumelekile ukuba bahlanganyele lolodaba ukuthi azikho izimbangi kokwesikhulu. Kodwa leli lungelo ibekwa phezu kwakhe kanye nesibopho - ukwakha isakhiwo enhle ngoba inkampani, okuyinto iyokwenzeka konke ukubuka. Kube engumngane igama Prince Maddox, owayeyilungu owezizwe, wafundisa wezibalo Grand Duke uPawulu - Ngokuzayo kaKesari Russian. Falling in love with show ibhizinisi, wahlala eRussia futhi bacabangisise ukuthuthukiswa of the weshashalazi. Prince Urusov ohlulwe ukwakha yaseshashalazini, njengoba zonakale yaseshashalazini Franchise umnikazi, kanye isibopho ukwakha isakhiwo, bathuthela Maddox, okuholela ke wakha Grand Theatre. Uphi yaseshashalazini adalwe Maddox abawazi zonke izakhamuzi Russia yesibili, itholakala lapho kuhlangana u-Theatre Square kanye Petrovka.

Theatre Isakhiwo

Eyokwakha ethiyetha Maddox wakhetha umhlaba okwakungowomyeni Prince Rostockiy ukuthi yakuhlenga. Lokhu kwaba emgwaqeni ngokuthi uPetru, kuba ekuqaleni, lapha Yakhiwa yaseshashalazini Big. Ikheli Theatre manje - Theatre Square, 1. nkundla yakhiwa ngesikhathi, ngezinyanga ezingu-5 nje, ngisho isikhathi bethu bonke ubuchwepheshe yesimanje kanye zokwakha kuyinto emangalisayo futhi emangalisa. Yena uye wazakhela iphrojekthi ukwakhiwa yamabhayisikobho ukwakha Christian Roseburg. Empeleni leli hholo kwaba ngaphakathi langa, izethameli ngimangaliswe ubuhle baso, kanye olungaphambili lwesonto isakhiwo, kunalokho, kwaba wayengumuntu onesizotha futhi zingezona ezibonakalayo futhi cishe akasoze ahlotshiswa. Empeleni leli hholo lethiwa lokuqala - Petrovsky.

Ukuvula Theatre

Ukwakhiwa Bolshoi Theatre lavulwa ngo 1780, ngo-December 30. Lolu suku ukusebenza qembu kuqala isakhiwo ayo. Zonke amaphepha kuphela wabhala mayelana kuvulwa, yaseshashalazini masters kanye abaklami bodumo njengoba izincomo eyodwa ehlakazekile mayelana nokuya kulesi sakhiwo, echaza ukuthi lokhu kuthathwe njengecala eliqinile kancane kancane, omkhulu, inzuzo, enhle, ephephile futhi ephakeme kuzo zonke izici amatiyetha edume kunazo zonke eYurophu. I umbusi womuzi wajabula ngakho ukwakhiwa lelo lungelo, okuyinto wanika Maddox ilungelo umkhakha, ladluliselwa omunye engu-10.

The ingaphakathi umhlobiso

Ukuze afeze lwemibono Yakhiwa round ihholo, okubizwa ngokuthi Rotunda. Ihholo laligcwele ehlotshiswe izibuko eziningi wamboza amane nambili zekristalu. He sungula ihholo ngokwayo Maddox. Eduze esiteji, njengoba kulindeleke, emgodini-orchestra sasikhona. Abaseduze endaweni yesehlakalo babe izigqiki yezivakashi udumo yamabhayisikobho futhi emi izibukeli, iningi labo kwakungebona abanikazi troupes castle. umbono wabo kwakubalulekile ukuba Medox, ngenxa yalesi sizathu bacelwa ukuba sigqoke ukuprakthiza, ngemva kwalokho belethwa ingxoxo yamakhonsathi oluzayo.

Ngonyaka yaseshashalazini kubonisa ukusebenza mayelana 100. Thenga amathikithi for omunye ukusebenza kwakungenakwenzeka, ngoba izilaleli yaseshashalazini wathenga ekubhaliseni konyaka.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yaseshashalazini khona iye yaqhubeka iwohloka, inzuzo ziphelelwa abadlali baqala ukuphuma yamabhayisikobho kanye lesi sakhiwo ukuwela kwamazinyo. Kuphumele opera endlini enkulu yaziwa futhi ithole igama elisha - Imperial.

kwelanga yesikhashana

Umlando Bolshoi Theatre kwakungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi enhle kangaka, ababengaphakathi kuyo, futhi zikhathi ezibuhlungu. Ngo-1805 ethiyetha lashisa emva kweminyaka ukhona 25. Ilondolozwe Kahle kuphela izindonga umthwalo eziveza ingxenye. Ukwakhiwa kabusha waqala kuphela 1821, lapho eMoscow kwenziwa esalulama Ukuhlaselwa amabutho kaNapoleon. Umakhi main ngubani eyalwa ukubuyisela ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi edolobheni, kuhlanganise nendawo yokubuka amabhayisikobho, kwaba Osip Bove. Wayengumuntu Innovator, azidala ezitaladini waqala yakhiwe ngendlela ehlukile, futhi manje mansions babé engama emgwaqweni hhayi ngaphakathi enkantolo. Bove kwaholela ukubuyiselwa Red Square, u-Alexander Garden, endaweni eduze yaseshashalazini. Ukwakhiwa kabusha Bolshoi Theatre kwaba yimpumelelo kakhulu lowo msebenzi wakhe wokwakha. Lesi sakhiwo esisha yakhiwa kuleli isitayela Empire. Ngokusho besikhathi umakhi sika, njenge-phoenix uvukile umlotha Bolshoi Theatre.

Ocwaningweni liseduze kakhulu yemidlalo, ngakho uya ebhayisikobho esivumelana kakhulu ukusuka kunoma yiliphi iphuzu, eMoscow.

Ukwakhiwa kabusha isakhiwo yaseshashalazini

Ukubuyiselwa ethiyetha kwaqala ngo 1821 futhi wahlala iminyaka eminingi. Ekuqaleni, uhlelo olusha isakhiwo yaseshashalazini elaklanywa odumile Petersburg wezakhiwo Andrei Mikhailov, Governor eMoscow ukwamukele uhlelo. Mikhailov isungule isakhiwo yaseshashalazini esime isikwele, kanye kuvulandi lamakholomu eziyisishiyagalombili kanye Apollo enqoleni yakhe phezulu kuvulandi, ihholo Kucatshangwa abantu ayizinkulungwane ezimbili. Osip Bove reworked Mikhailova iphrojekthi lapho Bolshoi Theatre kwaba ephansi, washintsha olinganise isakhiwo. Beauvais banquma akufanele ibekwe phansi lokuqala emadokodweni yezitolo, njengoba ukucabanga ukuthi ebukekayo. Hall waba multi-storey, umhlobiso kwehholo - ocebile. Lesi sakhiwo kudingekile udluliseleke babonakala. Ngezinye Beauvais kwaba ngisho nomqondo original kakhulu - ukwenza kwesihenqo esibukweni, kodwa ukuqaphela lo mbono, yebo, akunakwenzeka, kusukela isihenqo enjalo kungaba ngendlela emangalisayo nzima.

lokuzalwa yesibili

Ukwakhiwa kabusha yaseshashalazini eyaqedwa ekupheleni 1824, alungisa isakhiwo yaseshashalazini sivulwe Januwari 1825. Ukusebenza lokuqala, afaka kulo hlelo wawuyingxenye ballet "Sandrilona" futhi ngokukhethekile umbhalo obhaliwe kuvulwa yaseshashalazini kanye Alyabiev Verstovsky Esanduleleni 'Triumph of the Muses. " Beauvais laliyisikhungo ukunakwa, izethameli wambingelela nge bashaya ihlombe elikhulu e ukwazisa. Empeleni leli hholo elisha kwaba Yisimanga ngobuhle bayo. Manje, kodwa leyo ndawo yeshashalazi wabizwa ngokuthi "Bolshoi Petrovsky Theatre". Zonke ukusebenza yaseshashalazini yayiyindlela njalo impumelelo. Manje brilliant ngisho nakakhulu kwakuyindlala Bolshoi Theatre.

Metro - indlela elula kakhulu ukuya Bolshoi Theatre. Esiteshini esiseduze ebhayisikobho - kungcono "Theatre" esiteshini "Revolution Square", "Okhotny Ryad" futhi "Alexander Garden". Iyiphi ukukhetha esiteshini - kuncike esizoqala kuso ukubala umzila.

Nalapha umlilo

Entwasahlobo ka-1853 e-yaseshashalazini yalo ivuthe umlilo futhi, lapho esenamandla kakhulu futhi wathatha izinsuku ezimbili. Bhakabhaka is ngakho zimbozwe intuthu emnyama ukuthi livele kuwo wonke amagumbi omuzi. On the Theatre Square elicibilikile zonke iqhwa. Lesi sakhiwo lashisa cishe ngokuphelele, kusale izindonga umthwalo eziveza kanye kuvulandi. Umlilo wabhubhisa amasethi, izingubo, umtapo womculo, zomculo, phakathi lapho kwakukhona izimo ezingavamile. Kwaphinda kabana umlilo Bolshoi Theatre.

Uphi yaseshashalazini, hhayi nzima ukuthola, itholakala ku-Theatre Square futhi eduze kwalo okuningi ezikhangayo: Maly Drama Theatre, Youth Theatre, Theatre School Shchepkin, Cabaret "Metropol", i-House of Unions, Okhotny Ryad, uMnyango Isitolo, okuphambene kule nkundla Karl lesikhumbuzo Marx.

umsebenzi wokubuyisela

Ukuhlela ukwakheka owayehlangene ukuvuselelwa ethiyetha ekuphileni, kwakungu-Albert Cavos, ku iphrojekthi wakhe bakha Mariinsky Theatre Petersburg. Ngeshwa, le wezakhiwo ukuthi ngasinda ukwaziswa okuncane. Imali wokubuyiselwa ethiyetha kwakwanele, kodwa umsebenzi wathuthuka ngokushesha futhi wathatha kancane isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Empeleni leli hholo lavulwa ngo-August 20, 1856, manje yayibizwa ngokuthi "Omkhulu Imperial Theatre." Ukusebenza kwesizini yamabhayisikobho esibuyiselwe opera "Mina Puritani" ngu umqambi Italian Vincenzo Bellini. Ukuze ethiyetha entsha wayenesimo sengqondo ezahlukene. Abantu bakulelo dolobha wayecabanga ukuthi omangalisayo futhi iyaziqhenya ngaye, njengoba for onjiniyela kanye abaklami, abanye babo baba nomuzwa wokuthi kabusha olwenziwa Kavos, zihluke kakhulu kulokho ethiyetha wakhulelwa Mikhailov futhi Beauvais, ikakhulukazi mbumbulu futhi sangaphakathi. Kuwufanele ngincome wezakhiwo, ngokusebenzisa zilungiswe yakhe kwehholo umsindo we Bolshoi Theatre isibe omunye okungcono emhlabeni.

Esikhathini yaseshashalazini kwakungafanele ukusebenza kuphela, lapho amabhola kanye masquerades. kwaba Ngakho Bolshoi Theatre. Ikheli Theatre - City eMoscow, Theatre Square, 1.

namuhla

Ekhulwini lama-20 enkundleni yemidlalo wangena isimo sasivumela agugile, saliphi zase ziwile nokusasamba ezindongeni. Kodwa emifanekisweni eziningana eyenziwa ethiyetha kwekhulu lama-20, omunye eyaqedwa muva (eyathatha iminyaka 6), wenza umsebenzi wabo - futhi manje yaseshashalazini kukhanya zonke izici zalo. I repertoire yamabhayisikobho, ngaphezu opera futhi ballets, futhi operettas kuhlanganisiwe. Futhi ungakwazi futhi uthathe uhambo yamabhayisikobho - ukubona ihholo futhi ambalwa nezinye izakhiwo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu. Man lisha ofuna ukuvakashela Bolshoi Theater, lapho kungase kube yinkinga ukuthola, nakuba eqinisweni kuwukuthi enkabeni yedolobha futhi uthole ngeke kube nzima, budebuduze ke kukhona elinye ukuthatheka yenhloko-dolobha, okuyinto emhlabeni wonke ezaziwa - Red endaweni.

Guest izibukeli mayelana Bolshoi Theatre

Inani elikhulu of izibukeli wavakashela Bolshoi Theatre. Izibuyekezo izibukeli esibonga ushiye ngamanani amakhulu, kuhlanganise ne-Internet. Babhala mayelana ukusebenza ezimangalisayo yamabhayisikobho, mayelana izwi elihle avela kuye lo oculayo, mayelana imizwa esavela imiphefumulo yabo ngemuva kokuvakashela ethiyetha ukuveza injabulo yabo ngokwenza imidlalo, zibabaza zokubhukuda enhle nezindawo. Empeleni leli hholo evakashela hhayi kuphela abaseRussia, kubuye kube phakathi izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe yezindawo ethandwa kakhulu lapho kade ezisheshayo ukuze uthole khona, efika eMoscow. Kuvele adherent zabuna futhi Innovator - konke lokhu Bolshoi Theatre.

Kanjani ukuze uthole kule nkundla ku imoto? Konke kuncike lapho uya khona. Kunezindlela eziningana ongakhetha kuzona endleleni; ungathola yonkana Mokhovaya emgwaqweni - ku-Theatre Square kuholela ngqo; noma ngokusebenzisa Tver; kodwa uma siya ku Petrovka, kungenzeka ukushayela kuze umnyango zale nkundla.