Boleslaw Prus: "UFaro": umlando ukudalwa inoveli, izinkinga, futhi ukufingqwa kwezimpendulo

Ngo-May 1895 waphothula umsebenzi inoveli amasha nge umbhali odumile Polish Boleslaw Prus. "UFaro" - ukuthi kwaba isihloko sencwadi useyinto ethandwa namuhla.

Ingemuva ubhala inoveli

XIX leminyaka kwakungeyona inkathi kangcono Poland. Ukuwa kwe-isiko, imizamo yokuqeda lesiPolish, inkinga ebhekene abalimi kanye abasebenzi, izintela eqolo, inkohlakalo kanye nemithetho ephelelwe yisikhathi - konke lokhu uvinjelwe Rzeczpospolita uzophinde abe namandla amakhulu.

A owayeyinzalo yalo abampofu gentry uhlobo Boleslaw Prus ngesikhathi ezikhethekile imisebenzi, okwenza omagazini kosuku. Ngakho-ke, abaningi bamangala okwathi lapho udlondlobala sawo, wabhala incwadi mayelana "UFaro" eGibhithe lasendulo.

Roman Boleslaw Prus enikeziwe izingcaphuno izincwadi zomlando langempela, ukwakha umuzwa kwenkathi. Ukufunda mayelana nezinkinga waseGibhithe lasendulo, abaningi bebengazi ukuthi umbhali namasu okucashile ukucwaninga izinkinga zomphakathi Poland wesimanje ezicashe lizwe kwekhulu oFaro XI. BC

Ekuqaleni noveli yanyatheliswa kuyi "Illustrated lwamasonto onke oluthi" magazini. Kodwa eminyakeni engu-2 kamuva wamkhulula edition ehlukile "UFaro" (incwadi). Boleslaw Prus (isifinyezo umkhiqizo samanje esihlokweni) ayelungisa inoveli ngonyaka (1895-1896).

indaba

Indaba iqala lapho yokuthi umbusi waseGibhithe uthi indodana yakhe Ramses indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi. Amabili nambili intsha benza kakade izinhlelo njengoba ngivuselele inkazimulo yangaphambili lesizwe. Umphikisi wakhe omkhulu wale nsizwa ithola Herhor ezinamandla, okuyinto bangahloniphi nje uyise kuphela impi yomfundisi, kodwa futhi umpristi omkhulu ethempelini Amun.

Babanjwa the usongo ikhoyili predatelstv, abasha isikhulu Egypt iwela elula umJuda Sarah. Ngokuphambene isiko, alenze nesancinza sakhe sokuqala.

Ngokushesha Sarah sizala indodana Network, kodwa Ramses wayesenze amaphutha engasenandaba ke, njengoba owayo uthandana ne nompristikazi lonkulunkulukazi Ashitoreti Kama.

Prince lwaya ngobuqili ezazisetshenziswa abaseFenike, abaseGibhithe bazama ukulwa nama-Asiriya. Kamuva, zisiza ukuyokudla Ramses Kama. Lokho nje lobu buhlobo akuyilethi injabulo iqhawe: uthando entsha elihunyushwe zobugovu akahlanye. Kudinga ukuba noSara kuwebhu zixoshwe esigodlweni. Uma lokhu ngeke kwenzeke, Cam wathumela lover wakhe ukubulala Likoni Network.

Ngemva kokushona kwendodana yakhe, iSikhulu Egypt ilahlekelwa uyise iba uFaro. Raining phansi kuye zonke izinkinga wezwe. Naphezu izingobe wabapristi, futhi yengcebo ezingenalutho, Ramses sokubhekana kahle ekuqaleni. Kodwa Ukushoda okukhulu kwabantu imali kumenza ngasese ulungiselela zisukele abapristi bakaJehova yengcebo, ukuhlela, futhi ngaleyo ndlela enothisa laseGibithe kuze kuncisha iziphathimandla mncintiswano.

Kodwa Herhor ekwazile sihlakaniphele uFaro, futhi wenze abantu zonda umbusi wabo. Kamuva itshalwe Ramses Likon ombulalayo, lo faro entsha yena ukuba abe umpristi, eshada unina Ramses indlovukazi Nitocris. Yena ugxilisa amandla ngokomoya futhi temporal ezandleni zabo.

Ukusebenzisa imicebo abapristi Herhor kuthuthukisa lizwe, kwenza ukuthula nomakhelwane balo, igcina ezweni laseGibhithe, futhi bakwenze imibono eminingi Ramses. Uba umsunguli lwamakhosi entsha ababusi baseGibhithe kanye nezwe ibuyisela enkazimulweni yakhe yangaphambili.

protagonists

Maphakathi inoveli, owabhala Boleslaw Prus - uFaro Ramses XIII. He is an idealist romantic, okuyinto, sibhekene iqiniso elibuhlungu, ungadikibali. Lokhu iqhawe umkhuzi enhle, kodwa akabi nalo isipiliyoni nokuhlakanipha zezombusazwe.

Othandweni Ramses engazinzile - ke edonsela isithelo esenqatshelwe. Sarah akakwazanga uthando ngenxa yomsuka wawo, kanye Kama - kusukela lokuthi yena wayengumpristikazi. Nokho, le nsizwa yakwazi ukuthola abesifazane ababili, kokuba unqobe yonke nobunzima, kodwa ngokushesha walahlekelwa isithakazelo kuye. Uthando lokugcina iqhawe waba mfazi induna Guards uThutmose eHebroni. Wabuye waba ngaye isithelo esenqatshelwe, kodwa akazange abe nesikhathi ngizithola, ngoba iqhawe wabulawa ngaphambili.

Ramses abaphikisi - umPristi Herhor. He is kabili njengoba abafana ubudala nokuningi kucashile ebuqilini. Noma yimuphi umpristi wahosha ukulahlekelwa kwakhe ukunqoba. Nakuba lesi sibalo ezimbi, ekugcineni nguye kuletha ukuthula nokuchuma eGibhithe. Abafundi eyaholela kulesi siphetho Boleslaw Prus: uFaro, kungakhathaliseki imvelaphi, kumele sezombusazwe ukwazi, kunokuba umphuphi nabafuna izikhundla.

izinhlamvu Female enovelini zibhaliswe ababuthakathaka futhi ngikhonze njengomshumayeli wesikhathi ngemuva. Sarah - a Ramses owesifazane mnene futhi othanda ngokungenabugovu uhlala ethembekile kuye kwaze kwaba sekufeni. Naphezu naivety, le ntombazane ngezinye izikhathi ngobuchule kuka isikhulu, kodwa ngenxa yokuntula lokufuna ukuvelela nendodana yakhe iba yisisulu acebe izingobe.

Kama, e abaphikisa Sarah, uyazi ukubaluleka kwakhe. Eselinqobile indlalifa, unethemba lokuthi kuzohamba ukuze uthole amandla. Beqhutshwa isifiso salo, usetha yena ngokumelene Ramses, futhi ngemva kokuba yisisulu abapristi yokuziphindiselela.

izinkinga

Okwesikhathi kwalo wayeyithanda intuthuko "UFaro" (incwadi). Boleslaw Prus emsebenzini wakhe ubukela phansi kwamakhosi okuyinkambiso kahulumeni. It ukuthi nginesibindi kakhulu, ngoba 1895 eziningi zomhlaba lalibuswa amakhosi, futhi ambalwa wayekholelwa ukuthi izinto zizoshintsha.

Njengoba ayeyinzalo ka-yesikhulu wonakele ngubani izuzwe udumo nemali nomsebenzi wawo, wayazi okuningi mayelana imikhuba abakhulu Boleslaw Prus. "UFaro" Indaba yokuphila kaRamses ubonisa njengoba babenjalo kude izinkinga abantu babo namakhosi. Ngenxa protagonist waphenduka-nomqondo umbusi. Ukuze ngibe usaziwayo, wayezama udonse izwe libe impi wezimpi ezalandela.

Ramses empeleni yaqala eGibhithe, impi yamaqembu esizwe esisodwa, ukuthatha imali abapristi. Ngisesekhaya yinkosana, wabusa Lower Egypt, kodwa ukubanika ithuba lokuchaza izikhalazo engapheli ngokushesha ukhathele uFaro esizayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayehlale azi- ongaphezu komthetho. Ukuze uthole abesifazane ezifiselekayo, Ramses kwephula kalula izisekelo wakudala nemithetho.

Ngaphezu yokubusa kwamakhosi, wagxeka enovelini nabefundisi Boleslaw Prus. "UFaro" lembula iqiniso ugly mayelana abapristi. Bona akhonjiswa njengezimpawu bakhohlisi nesihluku, Ukuthandwa ngamandla nangengcebo. Kuyindida singu mnqamulajuqu: Herhor sneaky, eba kaFaro umbusi engcono ukwedlula Ramses zasebukhosini.

Ngaphezu nezindaba zembulunga yonke, Prus emsebenzini wakhe futhi ubonisa angabhekani nosizi lokukhulelwa ngamunye. I protagonist ungayitholi indawo yabo noma izingalo nabesifazane, ukubulawa kwabantu noma eyakuphi noma ezombusazwe.

Boleslaw Prus "UFaro": Izibuyekezo

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba kusakazwe le noveli ithole impumelelo enkulu. Futhi XX leminyaka ngemva kwezenzakalo wamavukelambuso. Sekuvele esiphuthumayo kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili.

"UFaro" wayethola indiza engcono Izibuyekezo ekupheleni kwekhulu XIX., Futhi ekhulwini XX. Futhi ngisho nenkulungwane entsha yeminyaka. Naphezu kwezingqinamba ezinganembile zomlando, abafundi emhlabeni wonke cabanga umkhiqizo Prus omunye imifanekiso ngokugcwele ukuphila yaseGibithe lasendulo.

ukuhlolwa

Ngonyaka ngosuku okwenzeka ngalo 70 kusukela ukulotshwa nabasePoland inoveli wanquma ifilimi ke. Ngo-1966 kwafika ifilimu eponymous. Waphenduka sokunethezeka, ngoba yena uqokelwe "Oscar". By the way, indima ayifeza lithathelwe ifilimu ka actress Kama-Polish uBarbara Brylska zaziwe izilaleli Russian befilimu "Siphukuto ka Ukudalelwa."

Umkhiqizo ngamunye njalo luyakwazi ukulinda isikhathi: the brilliant eminyakeni, akaphelelwa lokuhambisana. Boleslaw Prus inoveli "UFaro" isidlulile le vivinyo futhi ngemva kweminyaka engaba ngu-120, iyaqhubeka ibangela isasasa abafundi emhlabeni wonke.