Barnaul, yini endaweni noma ezindaweni bayamhaqa

Izikhonzi Russian Federation, 85, ahlanganisa republic futhi ezindaweni, izifunda, kanye emadolobheni federal, izizinda ezizimele kanye izifunda ezizimele. Bonke kufanele inhloko-dolobha yabo siqu - umuzi omkhulu lapho kukhona iziphathimandla.

Inhloko-dolobha ye-Altai Territory

I sokuqondisa Altai Krai, oyingxenye le laseSiberia Federal District lingumuzi Barnaul. Yini endaweni noma esifundeni esinaso kuye? Vele eseduze Altai Territory entshonalanga - izindawo ezimbili eziphathelene Kazakhstan, ukuya empumalanga nokuya enyakatho - Novosibirsk futhi eKemerovo. ensimini yakhe, ukubizwa ngegama edolobheni, kodwa akunjalo.

Isizathu kanye nomlando nesenzakalo

Umuntu owasungula le muzi usozimboni laseSiberia Akinfiy Demidov. I confluence emfuleni ob e Barnaulka wakhethwa kuye ukuze kwakhiwe i-smelter zethusi. Ukuze kuhlonishwe lokhu inflow e 1730 yasungulwa emzini okuthiwa Barnaul. Yini indawo embozwe ngalezo zinsuku? Isifundazwe saseTomsk, idolobha wesifunda lapho waba e 1822. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ngokushesha ngemva kokufa Demidov e 1745 Kolyvan-Voskresensky entabeni wesifunda kwamiswa emhlabeni Barnaul, ogama lakhe behlonipha elidala isitshalo wendawo.

Ukuqala ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha

Futhi kakade 1750, ngemva ukwedlulela Barnaul ifektri impahla Romanovs, lapho bathunywa 17 amaziko, kanye Barnaul (extractive futhi yokukhiqiza) waqala ukuthola izici "entabeni idolobha", isimo okuyinto uyakwamukeliswa e 1771. Nawa aqale ukubutha ongoti abanolwazi, oyedwa wabo Ivan Polzunov, ekhiqizwa umusi injini lokuqala emhlabeni. ukuhlolwa kwakhe yayiqhutshelwa ku Barnaulka ogwini ngo-1766. Umuzi waba isikhungo ezimbonini kanye kwamasiko (kakade 1764 lapha inikeza umtapo lobuchwepheshe lapho kukhona izincwadi 7000), ngokushesha kabusha iphrojekthi Petersburg. Wayengumuntu kuhle ukuthi isihambi Semenov-Tyan Shani walibiza ngokuthi "eSiberia-Athene" kwakhiwa.

Isici eyingqayizivele

Umuzi ine a umlando ekhazimulayo, kodwa yinye lolwehlukanisa, esesikhundleni Barnaul rossiiyskih kuphela kulo lonke elakwa-Federation. Yini indawo ezizungezile kuye? Barnaul conurbation aneenyingi ezimbili zasemadolobheni kanye wesifunda owodwa kamasipala (idolobha Novoaltaysk, Barnaul, Pervomaisky isifunda). Russia uwukuphela iyunithi indawo ngesu efanayo, eyaqala evunywe i-Ministry of Development Regional, etholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Altai Territory. Labantu sizoshaya abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi. Isizathu siwukuthi indawo yezimboni nendle abacebile amaminerali. Ngaphandle ayibe, nickel, amalahle, itshe-nsimbi , namatshe ayigugu esifundeni lapho Barnaul uvele ngonyaka 1730, eyaziwa ezifakwa ongashi porphyry, jade, zemabula izinhlobo ezingavamile futhi ephuza izindlela zokuphakelwa kwamanzi. On the amabalazwe yeRussia, lapho siqala 1745 (e "Atlas Russian", eshicilelwe Petersburg).

umlando wanamuhla

Umuzi idume amatiyetha yayo. Hhayi njalo isikhungo lesifunda of babe baningi kangaka, ngaphezu, ukuthi akuphi esakhiweni ehlukile kakhulu obanika charm ezengeziwe.

Ngo Barnaul, owokuqala esifundeni esise-Ural Regional Museum kwavulwa ngo-1823. Futhi ngo-2012, esakhiweni uyisikhumbuzo somlando, omunye ovulekile wohlobo "Rock ekhemisi." Kukhona iminyuziyamu zanamuhla, elalinikezelwe V M. Shukshinu, ongowokuzalwa kule ndawo. It lethiwa ngelinye yamabhayisikobho zesifunda idrama. Barnaul - olukhulayo, idolobha lesimanje.

nemizana ezisengcupheni

Nokho, e-Russia kuze (igama ukhiye), kukhona enye edolobheni ukuthi iqanjwe Barnaul. Yini indawo ezizungezile kule ndawo wangaphambili? Kurgan. Leli dolobhana kungokwalabo "zinyamalale ', kodwa uma kwakukhona ipulazi collective, umkhandlu walapha, isibalo sabantu esondela 400-m. Manje inkumbulo yakhe kugcinwa esinezitezi ezintathu Obelisk elalinikezelwe amasosha esiwile emathuneni emzaneni.