Avers - ke ... obverse futhi ukuhlanekezela - ohlangothini uhlamvu lwemali

Lapha, kubonakala ukuthi kungase kube nzima ngendlela uhlamvu lwemali encane ezivamile? Izindiza ezimbili lapho ulwazi ahlukahlukene kuboniswa. Omunye wabo - the obverse kanye nezinye - reverse. Kodwa lapha ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalabo abathintekayo akunjalo elula.

Coin kanye yayo "izitho zomzimba"

Coin, lapho engena ephaketheni "ngoba inhlanhla" kungase kungabi lula njengoba kubonakala. Susa futhi ucabangisise kahle! Numismatists isehlane kakhulu ngendlela 6 izingxenye isakhi uhlamvu lwemali. Lokhu yokugaya, onqenqemeni, abarimi, onqenqemeni, kanye obverse futhi ukuhlanekezela lwemali.

Edge - lena into enjalo onqenqemeni uhlamvu lwemali. It engase aklonyeliswe noma unformed, konke kuncike ubuchwepheshe ukuzakhela uhlamvu lwemali. Edge kungaba ngezinhlobo eziningi: ribbed, Mesh, noma bafaniswe umbhalo. Kungani isidingo yokugaya? Okokuqala, ukuze azivikele mbumbulu uhlamvu lwemali. On Milling zemali ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa Gurtovaya yombhalo oqoshiwe.

Unqenqema wesabelo ephakanyiswe ibizwa ngokuthi uhlamvu lwemali, okuyinto Umncele selilonke yayo. Kodwa ohlangothini - kungcono ingxenye umhlambi ngesimo umphetho ephakanyiswe lwemali. Kuvikela uhlamvu lwemali kusukela bafake kwesikhathi. Nakuba usebe kungenzeka ukuthi ingabi khona. Kodwa kwamanye amazwe, it has a indima ekhethekile - ukwazisa izimpumputhe mayelana ihlelo.

Okwakushiwo "obverse" futhi "reverse"

Futhi manje ake sicabangele Izingxenye ezisemqoka yimuphi uhlamvu lwemali - kungcono obverse futhi ukuhlanekezela.

uhlamvu lwemali obverse - okungukuthi, ngokwezwi nezwi, "zibheke ubuso", "phambi". Kuqhamuka Igama lesiLatini «adversus».

Avers - a term numismatic ngoba ingaphambili uhlamvu lwemali, okuyinto (ngokuvamile) isetshenziswa ifulege lesizwe noma portrait ekuhlaleni kwenkosi esihlalweni sobukhosi noma umbusi wombuso.

Reverse yesiLatin efanayo - ". Ukubuya" «reversus», okusho NgesiRashiya, izwi kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala e zemihla e 1710. Reverse - numismatical yigama elisho inverse okuphambene ohlangothini obverse uhlamvu noma indondo.

Avers - ke ...

Lokhu kungase kubonakale akumangalisi, kodwa izincwadi ekhethekile numismatic kungekho ukuvumelana sendlela ukuhlukanisa uhlamvu lwemali. Futhi abekho nenqubo ecacile lapho ukucacisa phambi ohlangothini uhlamvu lwemali - obverse. Lokhu, empeleni, iqembu main nganoma iyiphi uhlamvu lwemali.

Nokho, iningi lwemibhalo numismatic inikeza uhlu izizathu kunqunywa obverse. Nampa:

• portrait isithombe somuntu abadumile (yinkosi, okuthiwa i-monarch, umongameli, njll);
• uwuphawu State noma ilogo;
• igama insimu yezwe;
• owawina zobungoma yemali noma kokukhipha ebhange.

Nokho, kwenzeka ukuthi elingenamikhono izingalo isekelwa zombili izinhlangothi uhlamvu lwemali. Pho-ke, kuyinto ukucacisa lapho izinhlamvu zemali obverse? Lokhu kungenziwa kanje: ukuze uhlole kokubili isibonakaliso futhi sohlangothini obverse, oluveza elingenamikhono izingalo esicongweni ephakeme.

Uma esasikuwo akakho izimpawu ngenhla, khona-ke kufanele kubhekwe uhlangothi obverse, uhlangothi kuya ihlelo uhlamvu lwemali.

Yiqiniso, indlela elula ukucacisa reverse kuqala. Njengomthetho kanje (ngokuhlukahluka okuthile okuhlukile), ayegcotshwa kuye ihlelo (inani) zemali.

"Lokhozi" noma "imisila"?

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi lapho uhlamvu lwemali uvezwa isithombe noma umfanekiso, kuyisiko ukupha abashadayo ube lokuqala (ie, lwesokunxele) yayo obverse, bese reverse lwemali, futhi (okungukuthi, kuya kwesokudla). Lo mthetho Kuhle ukukhumbula, njengoba kuyinto evamile ukuba wonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, isithombe uhlamvu imali.

Emazweni monarchical baseNtshonalanga Yurophu ke likhishiwe ukumela zonke izinhlamvu zemali zabashintshi ikhanda nkosi yenkosi. Lolusiko iye lathathwa ngenkathi neRoma lasendulo, lapho wenza okufanayo. Futhi cishe njalo ubuso uhlamvu lwemali ukuboniswa le nkosi ohlangothini front (ie, phezu obverse).

Ngokwesiko kuboniswe izinhlamvu zemali zabashintshi ubuso kubabusi yasungulwa ngesikhathi kubusa Aleksandra Velikogo. Futhi ngisho nangemva kokufa kwakhe, baqhubeka kwenziwe izinhlamvu ekumeni kwakhe. Ngemva Alexander yanqoba iGibithe, wakhetha ziveza bona ohlangothini front of zemali, njengoba unkulunkulu nasenkosini. Ngakho wayefuna indawo abaseGibhithe, ngubani ohlonishwayo oFaro yakhe yangaphambilini abantu abangokoqobo ngokuthi bangonkulunkulu.

Amakhosi elandelayo owabusa ngemva Aleksandra Velikogo, ngigcinile leli siko. amakhanda abo nazo imali kwi obverse kuzo zonke zemali.

Ngakho wabhekana nayiphi "izitho zomzimba" wonke uhlamvu lwemali. Njengoba ubona, ukuba ihlukanise lapho obverse, nalapho - reverse, akulula njalo. Baningi ingxoxo kanye mpikiswano kuphakama kulesi senzakalo numismatists. Nokho, i-umuntu ovamile intando ngokwanele futhi imithetho ukuthi ahlelwe ngayo kulesi sihloko, ukunquma esasikuwo.