Asihlelekile nhlobo bayasangana: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

Omunye amafomu kakhulu ebulalayo of isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo asihlelekile nhlobo (hebephrenia) sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Iziguli nalesi sifo kulula ukubona. Babehlale umhlibitho futhi umhlibitho. Lesi sifo libhekene Izibikezelo abampofu ngoba kunzima ukuyelapha. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana nezimbangela zayo futhi izimpawu kuzoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni lanamuhla.

incazelo emfushane

Kusukela 1871 iqala umlando we-schizophrenia isifo asihlelekile nhlobo. Ukuma ngamandla kwalesi sifo ethile iye yachazwa Evaldom Gekkerom. Ekuqaleni aphathwe njengomuntu inhlanganisela nokugula ngengqondo, + njengasosukwini lokungivivinya kwamangqamuzana ne neurosis noma kuphakama inkinga psychopathy. Eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, imingcele abangu anyakaza bayasangana asihlelekile nhlobo. Ngisho nanamuhla, ososayensi abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi lesi zokugula ayitholakali njengoba injalo emsulwa.

Ngokuvamile ukuthi kuziveza entsheni ngasekupheleni. Lesi sifo kuyingozi ngoba nge iziqubu ngayinye elandelayo eduze bonke owake ushintsho kwifomu ebulalayo of sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Kulokhu, isiguli bangaba yingozi emphakathini ku 1-2 ezayo. Uma ungatholi ukwelashwa, okwazi izenzo zobugebengu, futhi ubulili. Iziguli ngaphandle kokwelashwa eliphezulu ezimweni eziningi, babe imilutha futhi yezidakamizwa. Iqoqo yalezi zizathu negative iyehlisa bungakanani ubude bokuphila komuntu.

Izizathu eziyinhloko

Ngisho nanamuhla, odokotela abakwazi ukusho ngokuthe ngqó ukuthi kungani uthuthukisa uhlobo asihlelekile nhlobo of sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Nokho, iningi labo sithambekele version of the imvelo zofuzo viral we egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Njengoba ayeke ukunisa izici kubhekwe nezimo zokuphila ezingezinhle futhi isimo ongakuthandi umndeni. Abahlukahlukene iziyaluyalu neurobiological iqembu, izinto ezihlasimulisa umzimba futhi esicindezelayo futhi sandise amathuba isifo sengqondo.

Yokudlanga ezifweni isifo

Eyokuqala izimpawu elokugula ngengqondo ukuthuthukisa entsheni. Ngokwezibalo, lokhu zokugula is sifo kaningana ovamile kubantu abahlala emadolobheni amakhulu kuka emaphandleni. Iziguli asihlelekile nhlobo ezimweni bayasangana owesilisa nowesifazane eqoshiwe cishe imvamisa efanayo.

Ngokuvamile, esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba kuqala izimpawu wakhe iziguli ezingaba nobunzima ukuxhumana nomphakathi. Sinenkosi ezingeni eliphansi biko. Kwezinye izimo, kukhona isisindo enganele. Njengoba zikhula isiguli eseqala ukuzwa usondelene kakhulu abazali bazo. Nokho, ukuxhumana nabantu ongabazi, yena engawunaki.

Esigabeni sokuqala kanye iziyaluyalu

bayasangana asihlelekile nhlobo izenze wazizwa kweminyaka emibili nengu-14 kuya ku-25. Ekuqaleni ingane iqala iziphethe ukuziphatha ngendlela engajwayelekile, ngokuvamile ezingezwakali futhi abathintekayo. akuvamile Abazali banake lolo shintsho ukuziphatha. Ngemva kwalokho, umuntu onjalo kungenzeka isifo ukusangana kanye delirium.

Ukwakhiwa lwesici schizophrenic eminyakeni engaphansi kwemithathu. Kancane kancane, lesi siguli ilahlekelwa yisisusa esibaluleke, babe bengenandaba, kwenza izenzo ezingalindelekile. Ubunjalo inqubo sokugembula kuyinto eqhubekayo, ngakho lo okuthiwa ngezikhawu zinengqondo lingekho. Nokho kukhona ukugeleza Cishe episodic nge kushintshana izinkathi ukuthethelelwa futhi exacerbation. Kodwa ngisho Kulokhu, lesi sifo ngeke uthuthuke. umphumela wayo shintsho oluphelele kulobo ubuntu lesiguli. Uba ucobekile futhi ebuthaka, nginenhliziyo abakwazi ukuzinakekela.

Izimpawu ezisemqoka isifo

Lesi sifo libhekwa njengoba nzima ukuhlonza. Nokho, eziningi izimpawu zokwelapha namanje ivumela ukusola ukugula. Yini eye asihlelekile nhlobo izimpawu bayasangana?

1. Ukushintsha kwesimo senhliziyo (uhleko usuthathelwa ukucindezeleka, ivaliwe).
2. Ngezikhathi kukhona delirium futhi babone izinto ezingekho. Ziyakwazi esikhathi esifushane, cishe akukho nomthelela ekuziphatheni kwabantu.
3. Zonke izenzo zinezikhathi bakudala, kodwa ukucabanga uhlala ezingeni ngengane encane.
4. It incoherent futhi ngokuvamile ayinakho umthwalo semantic.
5. Ukuziphatha ukubonwa ukuziphathisa.
6. Isiguli awukwazi ukuthatha ukugxekwa namazwana ayethule.
7. Ezimweni sina ngokukhethekile, kukhona ucansi drive anda.

Futhi, ukusangana libhekene ifomu asihlelekile nhlobo izimpawu catatonic. Babonisa ukunyakaza iziyaluyalu. Ezibangela catatonic kukhona paranoid, futhi ngemva kwabo - ngokomzwelo. Zonke uphela excitation asihlelekile nhlobo. Ukulandelana esiqondile ekhombisa kunzima kakhulu ukunquma.

Ukuziphatha iziguli kufana nokudlala umlingisi esibi ukhombisa mntwana. Bangakwazi ukushintsha izwi, zibukisa noma baveze imizwelo nemvelo. Ukuthanda abanye ngokushesha esikhundleni ukuhlaselwa. Iziguli unganqikazi wazala umzimba.

izindlela ukuxilongwa

Ukuqinisekisa sitholakele zokuqapha zangaphambi edingekayo iziguli izinyanga 2-3. Ochwepheshe abaningi emkhakheni bakholelwa ukuthi zokugula kungenziwa khona uziqu-zintathu of zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• lo mkhuba "imicabango kokungenzi lutho";
• obuhlinayo;
• Isasasa engatheli.

Uma usola i-schizophrenia asihlelekile nhlobo nesineke abazoba kufanele ubone kudokotela wezifo zengqondo. Ekhaya, ulungise ukuziphatha kwabo noma ukuze abelaphe ngokuphelele akunakwenzeka. inkonzo abaqeqeshiwe ngaphansi amandla kuphela ukuba alungise isimo. Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla yokugcina kuqinisekisiwe ngemva observation eside esiguli, kokuxilongwa patopsihologicheskih, ukutadisha umlando wayo.

ukwelashwa

Ngeshwa, ukusangana asihlelekile nhlobo njalo liveza ukuzinza. Kusukela ke awukwazi ukuqeda, kodwa kungaba kancane unciphise isimo. Lesi sifo kufanele kuthathwe ngesikhathi esifanele, akudingekile ukuba nethemba lokuthi lena ingaphazamisi yesikhashana ukwazi.

Asibekezelele lesi uphethwe ngempela ibekwe endaweni esibhedlela, lapho kuyoba ngaphansi kokuqondisa ochwepheshe. Ngenxa ukumelana ukwelashwa iqondiswa ebulilini neuroleptics ( "klopiksol", "Rispolept", "Azaleptin") namavithamini. Thambisa futhi uhlehlise isilinganiselo schizoid isici usizo elandelayo nemithi: "Flyuanksol", "Rispolept", "quetiapine". Yonke imikhiqizo akhethiwe ngamunye, kucatshangelwa isimo sempilo isiguli.

Ezinye izindlela ukwelashwa

Ngo imithi ukuthethelelwa bayasangana asihlelekile nhlobo akuyona kuphazamisekile kodwa umphelelisi ukwelashwa kwengqondo. Lesi sakamuva isetshenziswa ngenjongo lithathelwe nesineke emphakathini. Njengomthetho, kukhona izinto ezahlukene ongazikhetha ukulapha iqembu yilezi:

• ukuziphatha engqondweni yethu;
• psychodrama;
• okunengqondo nangokomzwelo.

Ezimweni sina ngokukhethekile iphendukele yokwelapha umndeni. Izikhathi ku udokotela umeme izihlobo eduze isiguli, nezinye iziguli ezinokuphazamiseka efanayo nokuphazamiseka. Ngakho, kuba lula kakhulu ukuzivumelanisa isifo futhi ukuzwa, futhi ukuphumelela inyuka ukwelashwa kakhulu.

ukwelashwa esifushane ngokuvamile ibonisa imiphumela okuhle esigabeni oyingozi. Indlela yokwelapha esebenza eside kuyadingeka ukuze:

1. Ukusungula ukuxhumana nezwe ngaphandle (usebenzisa mime, ubuciko yokwelapha, inkhulumomphendvulwano elula).
2. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono social nokuziphatha (wasebenzisa mpendulwano kanye nengxoxo, ukumodeliswa isigcawu nokuphila).
3. Ukulungiswa nokuxhumana nabangani nomndeni.

Yiziphi izinzuzo umndeni yokwelapha yokuziphatha? Lokhu kwelashwa kusiza izihlobo isiguli ukuba baqonde indlela ukuze baziphathe ngokufanele. bayasangana asihlelekile nhlobo - ke kuyisifo esingathí sina esingase, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi kuyinselele umndeni. Futhi ekugcineni zingase ukuthuthukisa bacindezeleke futhi iziyaluyalu Neurotic. Nge Yebo ejwayelekile yokwelapha zingabantu kulula ukuba ngiziqonde ukugula nokwakha ubudlelwano emndenini.

ukuba nombono ongafani ngeke

Udinga ukuba baqonde indlela eziyingozi bayasangana asihlelekile nhlobo. Uma kungenjalo ngokushesha ukuthatha isinyathelo hhayi ukuqala ukwelashwa, isiguli uyingozi wena nabanye. ngokushesha impela kuyophela ukulawula izenzo zabo, uyokwenza konke efikayo engqondweni. Esimweni esinjalo kakade kudinga esibhedlela ngokushesha esibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo.