Art. 432 we Code Civil nge imibono. Art. 432 we Code Civil: Izinhlinzeko main yesivumelwano

Umthetho Russian zamanje inikeza amalungiselelo eziyisisekelo ukuthi kumele zilandelwe isiphelo sesimiso amadili zamazwe amabili noma leyehlukehlukene ngokukhethekile, zinjalo izindlu nezidingo Art. 432 we Code Civil. Inkontileka wangena ngaphandle ihambisana nemigomo eyisisekelo kungenzeka nilenze.

izimo ezibalulekile

Empeleni, ukuze inkontileka nazo zonke izimfuneko zomthetho, ukungasoki kwakhe abahlanganyeli kufanele ukufinyelela esivumelwaneni ngokuphelele zonke izimo zayo kubalulekile. Lokho ngokukhanyayo h. 1 tbsp uthi. 432 we Code Civil, nakho ichaza izimo ezibalulekile. Ngakho, izichasiso ebalulekile lokhu kuthengiselana kuzoxoxwa njengobufakazi bokusetshenziswa kwesihluku lodaba yesivumelwano, kanye naleto timiso okuyinto ezibhekwa iziqondiso ezibalulekile noma eminye imithetho ngoba ezithile zokukhokhelwa. Ngaphezu imigomo ebalulekile sivumele isishaya-mthetho wathatha konke ngesicelo iyiphi ilungu lenkontileka liyadingeka zifakwe idokhumenti ngemva kwesivumelwano ukuthethwa kwecala. Ngamanye amazwi, uma oyedwa wezihlobo ikontraga ebheka khona ukuthi yibaphi abantu umbuzo abathintekayo bebophekile ukuba nivumelana, le ndaba kuyoba isimo kubalulekile yesivumelwano.

Uyini sivumelwano?

umthetho Russian sibeka ukuthi sivumelwano nokuxhumana ababambiqhaza kuthengiselana zamazwe amabili noma leyehlukehlukene esesikhundleni omunye umgomo - ukunikeza umphumela zomthetho ofanayo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi isivumelwano - into sezizophela phakathi kwabantu ababili noma ngaphezulu. Njengoba kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuthi bonke abahlanganyeli lobu buhlobo bavumile kuzo zonke izimo ezidingekayo. In the ukungabikho isivumelwano esinjalo, inkontileka kuzoluqinisa waphetha. Ngakho ngempela ukuzuzwa ngiwo onkhe emacembu etembusave lesi sivumelwano. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ukuthengiselana okuhilela abantu abangaphezu kuka ezimbili, ngokungabi bikho ukuvumelana okungenani omunye wabo, inkontileka ngeke evumelekile.

Ifomu yesivumelwano

Isihloko kuyaxoxwa icacisa ukuthi isivumelwano kufanele waphetha ngesimo esidingekayo ezimweni ezithile. Uma ngabe le mfuneko wahlangana ke, ngokulandelana, futhi inkontileka zizophothulwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungase kube waqaphela njengoba ayivumelekile sokusebenzelana ne-non-ukuhambisana nale mfuneko. Okungukuthi, okungezona ukuhambisana lecokwe umthetho noma amaqembu, kufika non-isiphelo sesimiso inkontileka. Ngakho-ke, uma yaziwa njengenye aluphelanga, andukuba uze imiphumela yemisebenzi ayivumelekile.

Ukuze izivumelwano ezihlukahlukene

Njengoba kushiwo Art. 432 we Code Civil, ezibalulekile nemigomo yenkontileka zinqunywa umthetho, ngakho umbuzo iziphi izimo inkontileka ethile waphetha phakathi kwezinhlangano, kufanele kubhekwe ngokombono ukuthi, kuye ngohlobo yesivumelwano kuba ehlukile. Ngakho, uma amaqembu uhlose uphetha isivumelwano isipho, bese lolu hlobo kuthengiselana kuyoba nemigomo yalo ebalulekile, okuyinto kakade babe bendabuko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lezi zimo ayisekho owawubalulekile ezinye izinkontileka, isibonelo, ukuvula isivumelwano akhawunti yokonga noma ukuphathwa ithemba sivumelwano. Ngokulandelana, kuzohluka futhi izimo ezibalulekile ukunikezela izivumelwano, ama-oda, cashless izinkokhelo, isitoreji, inkontileka nabanye.

Esimeni salezi zimo kudinga ukutadisha ngokucophelela imithetho ekhethekile elawula izinto ezithile civil. Ngokwesibonelo, ekuphetheni isivumelwano ku non-cash nemizana kumelwe siqondiswe yiwo isahluko efanele Code Civil futhi weMithethonqubo non-cash ukuthengiselana. Esinye isibonelo inkontileka Depository. Ngaphansi kwamiphi imibandela waba abalulekile, zingatholakala ngokuhlola weMithethonqubo imisebenzi Depository. Ngakho-ke, ngamunye uhlobo inkontileka siqu izimo ezibalulekile kungenziwa esungulwe mthetho, okuyinto ngeke nabezinye sikhuluma ngokuhoxiswa nekuhlanganyela kwebantfu okungenani ezimbili.

Nature yesivumelwano

nesisekelo esingokomthetho Civil enquma ukuthi lwezimiso, futhi, ngamanye amazwi, izimo ezidingekayo Kumelwe kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokukhethekile ukuveza ubunjalo inkontileka waphetha phakathi kwezinhlangano. Yingakho-non-ukufakwa okungenani eyodwa yalezi zimo esivumelwaneni uyoba nomphumela zingenakunqobeka izithiyo, futhi kakhulu esivumelwaneni phakathi abahlanganyeli ngeke bakwazi ukuba awatshele ngekhwalithi yobuhlobo lomthetho ziyadingeka okuguqula lezi ubudlelwane phakathi ezithile kanye nefomu edingekayo.

Ububanzi nezindaba ze ukuxoxisana

Part One ukucatshangelwa amalungiselelo Code Civil, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngenhla kakade, ubonisa ukuthi, ukusungula khona noma ukungabi khona noma yisiphi isivumelwano izimo ebalulekile kumele kuqala uholwe izidingo zomthetho, obonakaliswe iziqondiso, imithetho, amakhodi elawula zilwane esiqokiwe ubudlelwane civil. Nokho, ngaphandle nje lokhu-ke, kuyadingeka ukunquma khona futhi imibhalo okuvalelwe ukhombise isihloko inkontileka. Kufanele ucacise futhi ecacile kubahlanganyeli. Yiqiniso, ngaphezu, inkontileka kufanele kubhekwe ngokuya ekuboneni amaqembu uhla eligcwele izinkinga Ucele zifakwe idokhumenti noma yiluphi uhlangothi, futhi, mhlawumbe, zonke. Zonke lezi zinto zibalulekile ukuze kufanele okuvunyelwane, kungalesi sikhathi lapho umqondo ukuthi ubuciko. 432 we Code Civil nge imibono nalokho.

Ngokwesibonelo

Ukuze isampula kuvunyelwe phambili ilungiselelo okuyinto ngenjongo yokulondoloza irejista lemihlomulo abanikazi izibambiso kubhaliswe. Ukuze anqume imibandela kubalulekile yesivumelwano kufanele uyiswe isenzo normative olulawula kule ndawo. Kulokhu, lesi senzo kuyoba Izinhlinzeko ezifanele evunywe inombolo FCSM Ukulungiswa 27 ngomhla ka-October 2, 1997. Zivela lesi simo, amaqembu kumele avumelane ngokuthi kwale mibandela elandelayo:

• eqinisekisa ukuphepha ubumfihlo bokwaziswa;
• Ukuqala kokusetshenziswa ukugcina irejista yazo zonke ukuvikeleka kwamasheya umkhiphi;
• ukudlulisa okusekelwe isicelo ikhophi onzima nokhiphe uhlu abantu abafaneleki ekuzuzeni uzuza ku kwamatayitela;
• ukukhishwa zonke izinhlobo izenzo usethe isikhathi ifreyimu;
• ukudlulisa okusekelwe isicelo ikhophi kanzima ohlwini lwabantu we wezitifiketi, ufaneleke ukuthola ubulungu in the Umhlangano Omkhulu we masheya;
• amasevisi, esandulela isivumelwano ku uhlelo ukuphathwa, esekelwe setha indlela obhalisayo zokubala amasofutiwe asetshenziswa ngazo;
• Ukunikezela ku ukugcina ebhukwini lakho, esehlanganise yonke imibhalo lapho izenzo zazenziwa ebhukwini.

Uma akukho okubonisa

Kunezimo lapho izenzo zomthetho imigomo ebalulekile inkontileka ungazange sezisunguliwe. Ezimweni ezinjalo, amaqembu uhlose nivumelana kuyodingeka uholwe ikakhulukazi amiselwe njalo vumelwane.

Ngokwesiko adingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe ukuvumelana nezimo ezinjalo ngokugxila amaqembu, njengoba isihloko inkontileka, intengo kanye umnqamulajuqu. Nokho, lezi amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo angeke afake zonke amadili zamazwe amabili kanye nemave. Kukhona inala izinkontileka ezahlukene, ngakho iinthombe isimo angeke njalo okudingekayo. Ngokwesibonelo, izimo intengo asikho isidingo kuhlelembisa emithethweni non-repayable (ukusetshenziswa oludlulele komhiaba, nika loan nokunye. N.). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, noma yimuphi umbandela inkontileka inganikelwa isimo ezibonakalayo ukuphikelela anoma yiliphi iqembu.

Esiteji ukusayina inkontileka

Isihloko okukhulunywa inquma esiteji lapho inkontileka ukuba kwenziwe. Umthetho lwabelwe okungenani ezimbili zalezi izigaba. Eyokuqala - iziphakamiso phambili yilelo counterparty ukuthengiselana. Esesibili - kwemvume counterparty ukuba bangena esivumelwaneni futhi, ngokufanelekile, ukwamukelwa kwenkolelo-ze lesi sicelo somshado. Njengoba singabona kusukela isikimu ngesimiso esinjalo somthetho, okungenani oyedwa wezihlobo okumelwe sithathe isinyathelo kuqala ngokuthumela isiphakamiso phesheya. Uma yalolu kungenzeki, lutho kuzothatha isitha sakho. Isimemo sokwenza into, okuyinto umqalisi ithumele umphikisi wakhe, ngokuthi umthetho, lo sipho kanye ekuthandweni kwayo - ukwamukelwa.

izindlela izinkomba

Ingxenye 2 n. 1 tbsp. 432 we Code Civil ubeka Indlela yokuqala umuntu angasebenzisa ukunikela izinkomba. Ihlala e isiphakamiso ukuba athathe isinyathelo, futhi ukubuya kwama-counterparty ukuthola ukuzinikela. Ngakho, ukuthengiselana ukuthengiswa kwezimpahla kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwemisebenzi. Uma acceptor amukela isiphakamiso, khona-ke eziphoqelelwe isibopho, ngokuhambisana okuyinto ukukhokhela kwaphumela.

Indlela yesibili kuchazwa okufanayo ingxenye, kodwa n. 2 tbsp. 432 we Code Civil. Ukulandela iziyalezo kwalesi sigaba, umuntu afisa ukuhambisa isiphakamiso abese ephetha inkontileka, ukunikela sabafowabo isibopho. Ukuze athole lo ukuzinikela, uyena onelungelo lokusho ukuthi zidinga enye inhlangano enze noma isiphi isenzo noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bakhawula esebenza. Ngemva ukugcwaliseka izenzo ezidingekayo elilodwa ohlangothini yesibili uzophoqeleka ukufeza isibopho.

n Kugcine. 3 of Art. 432 we Code Civil usungula indlela sipho isibopho esenana nezinye izibopho. Isivumelwano esinjalo izokuba izibopho ezivelele bazo zonke izinhlangano, futhi isetshenziswa ezimweni lapho sipho samukelwa iqembu ephinde ikunike ezinye ukuzinikela.

isiphetho

Ngakho, ukuze afeze isivumelwano ukuze okuqinile zonke izimo zayo kubalulekile okumelwe ahlangabezane nazo. Nokho, lezi zimo zingase zihluke, konke kuncike uhlobo izivumelwano okuphelela ezindaweni lapho isetshenziswa. Ukunikeza nokwamukela kukhona izakhi esisemqoka isiphelo sesimiso kunoma imuphi umsebenzi ezibandakanya abantu okungenani ababili. Lezi zinto ezimbili ukudala izibopho ezithile amaqembu, abenzi bokubi yabo. Ukuqaphela zonke izimfuneko ezingokomthetho, kanye ukuxhumana nomunye yonke imininingwane kanye izikhathi, amaqembu kanjalo ukunikeza amandla nobuqiniso inkontileka.