Art. 261 TC RF ngamazwana, amagama alula

Namuhla kuzocwaningwa ubuciko. 261 TC RF ngamazwana. Leli phuzu likhomba iphuzu elibalulekile - ukuqedwa kwenkontileka nabesifazane abakhulisa ingane encane ngonyaka kanye nengxenye, noma "endaweni ethakazelisayo." Into ewukuthi ayithandi kakhulu ukusebenzisana nabasebenzi abanjalo. Izinkinga nomqashi zivela kakhulu. Futhi eziningi zezici zilotshwe esihlokweni 261. Ziyini amalungelo abesifazane abakhulelwe? Kungani ulungiselela umqashi? Zonke izici zokuqedwa kwesivumelwano somsebenzi nabesifazane "esimweni esithakazelisayo", funda ku!

Ukuqashwa komqashi

Isigaba 261 seKhodi Yezabasebenzi yeRussian Federation eneziphakamiso (futhi ngaphandle kwazo) kuqala kuveza icala elivame ukusetshenziswa ngabaqashi. Kodwa hhayi ngokuqondene nabangaphansi kokukhulelwa. Into ewukuthi, ngokwemithetho esungulwe, inhloko inelungelo, ngokwayo, ukuqeda ubuhlobo nanoma yisiphi isisebenzi ngezizathu ezithile.

Kodwa hhayi ngokuqondene nabasebenzi abakhulelwe. Art. 261 I-TC RF (eneziphakamiso) ichaza ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuxosha owesifazane ngesikhathi ekhulelwe. Lokhu kungukuthi, ngisho noma isakhamuzi singenzi umsebenzi omuhle, awukwazi ukususwa ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yakhe ngokwayo. Yiqiniso, kukhona okuhlukile.

Ukuqedwa

Isibonelo, ukuqedwa komsebenzi njenge-IP. Ku-Art. 261 I-TC RF (eneziphakamiso futhi ngaphandle kwayo - ayibalulekile kakhulu) kunamathuba amabili kuphela ekuqedeni isivumelwano nabesifazane abakhulelwe ngesinyathelo somqashi. Icala lokuqala - lapho umphathi engumabhizinisi, futhi manje uyeka imisebenzi yakhe. Kulesi simo, kungenzeka ukuqeda ubuhlobo bomsebenzi. Phela, empeleni umqashi uvele aqedwe, ngeke kube khona.

Futhi, i-Article 261 ye-Code Labour of the Russian Federation (ngaphandle nangaphandle kwamazwana) ilawula ukuthi phakathi kwekhanda nosifazane okhulelwe uma kuqhathaniswa nenkampani, isivumelwano esiphezulu sokusebenza ngokusemthethweni singagqanyulwa. Okushiwo lesi senzo kufana nokuqedwa kwe-IP - i-corporation yeka ukusebenza. Ngakho-ke, izisebenzi azidingi.

Ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kwenkontileka

Yiziphi ezinye izinto okufanele ngiziqaphele? Umthetho waseRussia uvikela amalungelo abesifazane abakhulelwe. Kuvela ukuthi akekho ongakwazi ukushisa umsebenzi onjalo. Kuthiwani uma inkontileka yesikhathi esinqunyiwe iphethwe nomuntu ongaphansi?

Lesi simo sinengqondo. Art. U-261 we-TC RF ngamazwana abonisa ukuthi uma isivumelwano senziwa phakathi komqashi futhi isisebenzi siphelile, owokuqala angasichitha isakhamuzi. Kodwa akanelungelo lokulahla ukwandiswa kwalesi sivumelwano, uma umuntu okhulelwe efuna yena.

Indlela yokuveza leli phuzu ngamazwi alula? Lapho isivumelwano sokusebenza esiphuthumayo siphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa komsebenzi wesifazane, lo wesifazane unelungelo lokubhala ngokuzithandela isitatimende esifanele esizobonisa isithakazelo sokwandisa inkontileka kuze kuphele "isimo esithakazelisayo".

Ngokuvamile umqashi unikeza ikhefu lokubeletha. Uma kungumbuzo wokuqedwa kwenkontileka yomsebenzi ngenxa yokuqala kosuku lokuqedwa, kulokhu ukwandiswa kobudlelwane phakathi komsebenzi kanye nenhloko kufanele kwandiswe kuze kube sekupheleni "kokuphumula komthetho".

Abesifazane abakhulelwe kumele banikeze imibiko yezokwelapha esimweni sempilo (empeleni - ngenkathi yokukhulelwa). Lokhu kwenziwa ngesicelo somqashi, kodwa angaphezu kwesisodwa ku-trimester (njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu).

Inkontileka ye-Fixed-term kanye nomsebenzi wangempela

Kodwa lapha kukhona izici ezithile. Yiziphi? Sekucacile kakade ukuthi uma isivumelwano sezabasebenzi siphelile, isisebenzi singasandisa kuze kube sekupheleni kokukhulelwa, noma kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhefu ehambisana nokunakekela ingane. Konke kuncike esimweni. Lokhu kuphela akukukhansela ukukhishwa okungenzeka.

Kungani? Isigaba 261 se-RF Customs Code (eneziphakamiso) sibonisa ukuthi uma umuntu ophansi efeza imisebenzi yakhe ngisho nangemva kokukhulelwa, umqashi angaqeda ubudlelwane bamabhizinisi naye ngenxa yokuphelelwa yisikhathi sesivumelwano somsebenzi.

Kunemingcele ethile. Inhloko izoba neviki elilodwa kuphela kusukela ngosuku okufanele afunde noma empeleni athole mayelana nokuqedwa kokukhulelwa komuntu ophansi. Le yimithetho esebenzayo manje eRussia.

Esikhundleni sabanye

Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi inkontileka yesikhathi esinqunyiwe iphetha nesisebenzi esizosebenza esikhundleni somsebenzi esingekho okwesikhashana. Leli qiniso kufanele licatshangelwe. Ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ngaphansi komuntu okhulelwe.

Phela, kulokhu, umphathi unelungelo eligcwele lokuqeda isivumelwano. Ungathokozi ngokushesha kakhulu - uma owesifazane okhulelwe ebhala imvume ebhaliwe yokudlulisela endaweni engakhokhiwe, ukuqeda ubuhlobo bomsebenzi kuvunyelwe.

Ngalokhu konke, ubuciko. 261 I-TC RF (eneziphakamiso futhi ngaphandle kwazo) iphoqa umqashi ukuthi anikele izisebenzi kubasebenzi besifazane nakanjani. Yiqiniso, owesifazane kumele abhekane nemisebenzi yomsebenzi ngezizathu zempilo. Isibonelo, akunakwenzeka ukuba owesifazane okhulelwe anikele umsebenzi njengomthwalo wokulayisha.

Shiya futhi unakekele

Yini enye okufanele nginakekele? Art. 261 I-TC RF namazwana (ingxenye 3) ibonisa imininingwane yokuxoshwa kowesifazane okhulelwe owaqashiwe endaweni yomuntu okwesikhashana. Kuvela ukuthi umqashi uyakwazi ukususa ophansi ngaphansi kwemisebenzi esemthethweni, kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho ubophezelekile ukunikeza isisebenzi isikhundla esiphansi noma esingakhokhelwa. Uma wenqatshelwe, kukhona ithuba elisemthethweni lokuqeda isivumelwano sokusebenza.

Futhi kuthiwani uma lona wesifazane ewukuphela kwesokudla emndenini? Kuncike ekutheni unengane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-3 noma ingane ekhubazekile. Noma uma unina enakekela ingane encane (isakhamuzi esingaphansi kweminyaka engu-14). Kulesi simo, umqashi uphinde athole imikhawulo ezenzweni. Okushiwo yilokho ukuthi uma umzali wesibili wengane engenalo ubudlelwane bomsebenzi, umhlengikazi umama akakwazi ukuxoshwa yena ngokwakhe. Ngaphandle kokuthi kunikezwe ngaphambilini.

Isifiso Sakho

Noma kunjalo, ukuphawula okushiwo yi-Article 261 ye-Code Lab Labasebenzi baseRussian Federation kubonisa ukuthi umqashi akudingeki njalo abhekane nabesifazane abakhulelwe emsebenzini. Into ethi u-boss yena ngokwakhe ngeke akwazi ukuqeda ubuhlobo bomsebenzi nomuntu ongaphansi kwakhe osesimweni "esithakazelisayo." Lokhu kuyaqondakala - amantombazane eRussia azama ukuvikela. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokunakekelwa kwengane, lesi sigaba sezakhamizi sisesimweni esingasengozini.

Kodwa kuthiwani uma owesifazane enquma ukushiya umsebenzi wakhe? Konke kulesi sihloko esingaphansi kokucwaninga akukho ukubhekisela kwamacala lapho kuhlongozwa khona ukuqeda ubudlelwane bomsebenzi ngesinyathelo sowesifazane okhulelwe.

Kulula - abesifazane kulokhu banelungelo lokushiya okuthunyelwe. Okusho ukuthi, uma isisebenzi esesimweni "esithakazelisayo" sinquma ukuyeka, sinelungelo lokwenza kanjalo. Into eyinhloko ukuthi umqashi uthola isicelo esifanele kulotshiwe ukuthi "Ukuxoshwa ngentando". Azikho ezinye izixazululo ezilula zombuzo obhekwe.

Mayelana nemali engenayo

Abanye banesithakazelo kumholo. Phela, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izakhamizi zivame ukulahlekelwa amandla azo okusebenza. Ngakho-ke, bayasebenza kakhulu. KwiKhodi Yezabasebenzi, kunezinkambiso ezibonisa amalungelo omama abakhulelwe ukwenza umsebenzi olula kanye nomsebenzi wesikhathi esithile. Eqinisweni, izakhamizi ziqala ukusebenza okubi nakancane esikhathini eside. Kunengqondo ukucabanga ukuthi amaholo abo kufanele awele.

Kodwa akulula kakhulu. Yini i-Article 261 ye-RF Customs Code inikezela (ukuphawula)? Ubukhulu bemiholo ekhokhwayo bungancishiswa. Kodwa kuphela ngesivumelwane somuntu siqu nesisebenzi. Futhi ezimweni ezihlukile.

Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Umqashi unesibopho sokugcina imali engaphambilini yowesifazane okhulelwe. Ukuphela kokuphela kwamacala lapho inhloko iphakamisa ukuthi isisebenzi sithuthela endaweni ehlukile ngemali engenayo encane uma kwenzeka ukuphela kwekhontrakthi yesikhathi esiphelile isikhathi sokungabikho komunye wabaphathi abadlule. Kuphela kwemvume ebhaliwe yomqashi ilungelo lokunciphisa amaholo. Ngokwenza njalo, lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu.

Akuwona wonke umuntu

Yini enye okushiwo yi-Article 261 ye-LC RF? Ngamazwana, ezinye izici zemithetho ethile ezisebenza ezweni zivezwe. Sekushiwo ukuthi uma umama enakekela ingane encane noma ingane ekhubazekile, futhi uma enezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu, akekho ongakwazi ukuxosha lowo msebenzi. Yilokho okushiwo yi-athikili.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphula ukwelingana kwabo bonke abasebenzi. Kungani? Ikhodi Yezabasebenzi ibeka ukuthi umnikazi wesondlo kuphela omelelwe kumuntu wesifazane onabantwana akakwazi ukuxoshwa esenzweni somqashi. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, akukho lutho olushiwo ngobaba, ongakwazi futhi ukunakekela izingane ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi asebenze, futhi abe yedwa othola imali. Kuvela ukuthi abesifazane banamalungelo amaningi.

Ukukhetha okujabulisayo

Futhi umqashi empeleni akanamandla. Akakwazi ukukhipha owesifazane okhulelwe ngomthetho uma engakhulumi ngesifiso sakhe sokuyeka ukusebenza kwemisebenzi yakhe esemthethweni. Ungapheli nje. Phela, imibono echazwe ku-Article 261 ye-Code Lab Labasebenzi baseRussian Federation inezinombolo eziningana lapho kungenzeka khona ukuvimbela imithetho emisiwe yezizathu zomthetho. Yini esikhuluma ngayo?

Into yukuthi ungakwazi ukuxosha noma yikuphi ngaphansi kokusulwa kwenhlangano. Futhi lo mthetho usebenza ngisho nakwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Lokhu sekushiwo kakade. Yini elandelayo? Emibhalweni eya kusihloko seKhodi Yezabasebenzi ye-Russian Federation, kukhulunywa ngamanye amaphuzu amaningana, okwenza kube lula ukususa ngisho nowesifazane "endaweni ethakazelisayo". Yiziphi? Lezi yizi:

1. Ukuhluleka okuphindaphindiwe ukwenza imisebenzi esemthethweni ngaphandle kwesizathu esihle.
2. Izenzo eziningana zenze izikhathi eziningana eziphula izinqubo ezisekwe inkontileka yokuqashwa.
3. Uma isisebenzi esisebenza emkhakheni wezemfundo, siyokwenza isenzo sokuziphatha okubi.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kobudlova (ngokomzimba noma kwengqondo) kubasebenzi bezikhungo zemfundo nezemfundo ngokuphathelene nabafundi.

Kuzo zonke izizathu ezingenhla, ungaxosha noma yikuphi uhlaka. Ngisho nowesifazane okhulelwe. Into esemqoka ukuthi kube nobufakazi bokuphulwa okuzimele. Umsebenzi oyinhloko womqashi kulokhu ukufakazela izenzo ezingekho emthethweni engxenyeni engaphansi.

Akukhona kuphela abesifazane abakhulelwe

Yini enye okudingeka uyenze mayelana nendaba oyifunayo? Art. 261 TC RF namazwana - umlondolozo wokuvikelwa kwamalungelo abesifazane uma kwenzeka ukuxoshwa ezimweni ezithile. Umthetho wezwe, lezi zici ezingenhla azibhekiselwe kuphela amantombazane "esimweni esithakazelisayo." Ubani omunye owela ngaphansi kwesenzo salesi sihloko? Lezi yizi:

1. Okokuqala, bayizakhamizi ezinezingane ezingakafiki eminyakeni engama-3. Ikakhulukazi uma umzali wesibili engasebenzi ngokusemthethweni.
2. Okwesibili, amantombazane anakekela umntwana osanda kuzalwa eminyakeni eyi-1.5.
3. Okwesithathu, abasebenzi abanakekela izingane ezikhubazekile noma abanezingane ezincane ekunakekeleni izingane.

Ngakho-ke, zonke ezinye izakhamuzi azikwazi ukusebenzisa la malungelo. Yini enye okushiwo yi-Article 261 ye-Code Lab Labasebenzi baseRussia Federation? Kunezinye izici ezingakaqanjwanga ngaphambilini, kepha zibaluleke kakhulu kumqashi.

Umthwalo wesikhulu

Amazwana wobuciko. 261 TC RF - yilokho okusiza ukuqonda ngokugcwele ukuqedwa kobudlelwane bomsebenzi kanye nenhloko yowesifazane okhulelwe. Kuvela ukuthi umqashi akanalo ilungelo lokuzimela ngokuzimela isivumelwano esangenwe ngaphambili nentombazane. Ngaphandle kwamacala ahlukile, okwenza ngokusemthethweni akuvamile kakhulu. Kodwa uma isisebenzi esesimweni "esithakazelisayo" siyozimela ngokuzimela incwadi yokushiya emsebenzini futhi sibonise ukuthi siyisizathu "sodwa", ungamsusa ngokuphelele ekusebenzeni imisebenzi yakhe.

Kuthiwani uma umqashi ephula imithetho esemthethweni? Kufanele akhononde ngaye. Ngemva kwalokho, umphathi, ongalalelanga imithetho esungulwe yiKhodi Yezabasebenzi yeRussian Federation, ubhekene nesijeziso esithile. Lokhu kuyakhokha inhlawulo ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.

Kungakanani ukukhokha? Lokhu kuyinkinga yokuphikisana. Isigaba 261 seKhodi Yezabasebenzi yeRussian Federation (kunamazwana noma cha - akunandaba) inikeza inhlawulo yezinkokhelo zamabhulethi angama-200,000. Kodwa lokhu akuyona neze uhlobo olulodwa lomthwalo wemfanelo elinikezwe umqashi. Esikhundleni semali, angagwetshwa imisebenzi yomphakathi, evezwe emisebenzini eyimpoqo kuze kube amahora angu-360. Noma ukuqoqa owesifazane okhulelwe umholo womqashi iminyaka engu-1.5. Isijeziso sizobekwa yinkantolo ngesinye isikhathi.

Kumaphi amacala okudingeka ukuba wesabe lo mthwalo wemfanelo? Uma umqashi:

1. Ulahla ngaphandle kwesizathu esihle sokuqasha owesifazane okhulelwe. Njalo isakhamuzi sinelungelo lokusebenza. Futhi ukukhulelwa akuyona isithiyo sokusebenza. Into eyinhloko ukuthi isikhala kufanele sihambisane nesimo sempilo somsebenzi ongase abe khona.
2. Uzikhumbuza owesifazane okhulelwe ngaphandle kwesizathu esihle.
3. "Ukusinda" isisebenzi endaweni futhi kuyo yonke indlela kungenzeka umphoqe ukuba abhale ikhefu ngesicelo sakhe siqu.
4. Akuqashi amantombazane nezingane ezincane. Lapha kukhona okungafani - lapho kukhona izimpikiswano ezinamandla zokwenqaba, ngeke kube khona umthwalo kumqashi.

Manje kusobala ukuthi kuhloswe ngani ku-Art. Amazwana angu-261 we-TC RF. Ubukhulu bemiholo engakhokhelwa ayikwazi ukunciphisa ngenxa yokukhulelwa komsebenzi. Lokhu kungenzeka kuphela ngokuzithandela noma ngemvume ebhaliwe. Ngokuvamile, abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bazi amalungelo abo lapho behamba. Kuphela-ke kuzokwazi ukufeza ubulungiswa. Uma isakhamuzi siphephelwa noma saphoqeleka ukuba sishiye, ungakhononda kumphathi. Ngeshwa, eRussia abaningi abaqashi bazama ukwephula imithetho esungulwe yi-Article 261 ye-Code Lab Labor of the Russian Federation. Kulesi simo kubalulekile ukusekela amalungelo owesifazane osesimweni "esithakazelisayo" kuze kube sekupheleni.