Archimedes amandla

Genius Archimedes wakhulela emndenini wezibalo, wathola imfundo yekhethelo e-Alexandria ukuphila kwakhe konke edolobheni Sicilia of Syracuse. Waba nguyise Mechanics theory, wasebenza ngempumelelo inkinga lokuthola indawo ephindwe futhi umthamo ezakheke ehlukahlukene nasemizimbeni. Ngokuvamile khumbula ibinzana wakhe odumile othi, "Nginikeze indawo yama I kuyosishukumisela Emhlabeni!" Futhi isibabazo esithi "Eureka!" Lapho livula umthetho, yaqanjwa igama lakhe. Kodwa, ngaphezu, bathi wayeyingane efana nezinye usosayensi oluvelele emkhakheni geometry kanye Mechanics, namandla akhe ubunjiniyela yamangalisa ababephila ngesikhathi isibindi imibono emihle kakhulu. Wakha catapult nge vysokopritselnym ngokuphonsa uhlelo block-ingalo yayo indlela evumela ukuthi siphakamise umkhumbi ababezohlala kuyo ngaphezu kwamanzi, futhi basungula izibuko block solntseotrazhayuschih wokushiswa ngoxhaxha Roman ngesikhathi evimbezela Syracuse.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto ezazithola uxhuma umlando igama lalo usosayensi izihlakaniphi physics kuze kube sekugcineni le-Archimedes amandla. Lokhu okwatholakala kwakuhambisana nezinga izidingo ezingokoqobo: ukuze kunqunywe Jewelers ukwethembeka, ukuba enze umqhele ngoba inkosi Hiero II. manje lokho okubizwa ngokuthi gravity ethize, wayaziwa kahle Ngisho nangalezo zinsuku, kodwa indlela ukunquma inani umkhiqizo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana, akukacaci. Legend uxhumanisa kanzima ukuvula Archimedes 'isimiso nge ukuthatha ososayensi okugeza. Ingqikithi yalo ukutholakala itholakala lokuthi ukuthi umzimba oketshezini izenzo buoyancy of Archimedes, kwencazelo ofakelwe ukunakekelwa okukhethekile abaklami amasu ukubhukuda, amadivayisi usebenza uketshezi, ngaphansi kwamanzi, kanye noma yini engathathwa yamabhanoyi - Balloons, iphenya, nezindiza, njll .

Le mfundiso eyasungulwa ethi zakudala yomthetho uthi buoyancy ilingane isisindo balokho okusamanzi okungaphathwa displaces umzimba egxilile ke. Ngaphansi le ncazelo ifomula izimpawu Kulula kakhulu: uma sicabanga ukuthi ivolumu umzimba egxilile uketshezi ilingana O, futhi inani liquid - p ke umkhiqizo wabo iyona oyifunayo Archimedes amandla. Ifomula ekubaleni yayo kulotshiwe kanje:

F = p * Mayelana

Isikhathi esining impela it is okulinga sivivinywa Archimedes 'isimiso maqondana amagesi - ukuminyana kakhulu ezahlukene ketshezi kanye negesi. Ukuze abagxeki babe ukuhlola kahle elula. Ngo isibhakela, nge air ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi indawo izikali ibhola lenkhulu, isibonelo, ingilazi, nensimbi izinsimbi ukulinganisela phakathi kwemithwalo yakho ke.

Ngakho, emoyeni isisindo ibhola sika kuhambisana isisindo zisindo ungabhala ezothando PM = IzA wanelisa, ngoba izinto ukulinganisela. Uma ekuqaleni ucabange ukuthi Archimedes 'isimiso sivumelekile, ke isisindo ibhola ibutho Archimedes FSH futhi FG, bese isimo yakhoibrium sitlolwe:

Pm = Rsh1 - FSH futhi IzA = WG1 - FG lapho Rsh1 WG1 nebhola okusindayo nesisindo cleaner. Sabe siqhubeka ngendlela ezifundiswa esikoleni: Rsh1 - PN = WG1 - FG, lapho Rsh1 = WG1 - FG + Photoshop = WG1 + (F w - FG).

Manje sidinga - isidingo obala ingqikithi buoyancy amabutho ibhola futhi izinsimbi: PN = p * Osh futhi fy = p * Gr.

Ukwenza amagugu esikhundleni of buoyancy khandlu nkulumo for Rsh1.

Rsh1 = WG1 - FG + PN = WG1 + (p * Osh - p * Gr) = WG1 + p * (Osh - Oz).

Ekugcineni, sithola isisindo ibhola ethi ozwakala lapho, ngenxa yokuthi Osh> Ogi, akashiyi kungabaza: isisindo ibhola sikhala isisindo xaxa isisindo, nakuba emoyeni futhi ziyalinganisela: Rsh1 = WG1 + p * (Osh - Ogi ).

Isizathu salokhu siphetho ukuthi amandla Archimedes incike isisindo ezithile emoyeni kanye ivolumu uyindilinga. Kulokhu, hlola lesi siphetho silula - kubalulekile ukumpompa emoyeni kusukela ebhokisini. Uma wenza lokhu, ungabonga uqiniseke ukuthi umthetho umthetho, futhi kwenziwa nini, noma kuphi - kokubili liquid futhi igesi. Ubufakazi lokhu ivinjelwe, izisindo ngaphambilini olinganiselayo, ibhola.

Kudivayisi, khona kwalo - ukuboniswa esiqhubekayo Archimedes 'isimiso zonke izinhlobo zawo, kuyinto ngwenya. Regulation bomkhumbi isisindo for ukugcwaliseka konke ongakhetha travel usebenzisa isikebhe sizinze amathangi - sibonelo esigqamile ukusetshenziswa e mkhuba okutholakele lwasendulo ezimweni yesimanje.