Alfred Hitchcock: Biography, Filmography, amabhayisikobho engcono

Mnumzane Alfred Hitchcock --British kanye nema-American mastodon ifilimu oqondisa, umqondisi, screenwriter futhi umkhiqizi. Wayengahlezi kokuba Analogue ifilimu isebenza "The Lady ibisinyamalala", "I Izinyathelo 39," "Shadow of a Nokungabaza," "Rebecca," "Vertigo," "engemuva Iwindi," "The Birds" futhi olungenakuqhathaniswa "Psycho" sisondela ngokungenakuvinjelwa ushintshe uhlobo Thriller. Maestro njengomuntu puppeteer ukulawula izindikimba izilaleli imizwa, azidalile isitayela eliyingqayizivele lokwakha, ngoba ngalo okuthiwa inkosi emhlabeni kinoobschestvennostyu ka ingaqiniseki. Ngemva kokushiya endalweni yakhe isichazamazwi Rental baxgeki lizimelele elithi "Hitchcock".

Ukutheleka abalandeli

Ngokwesiko horror ekuseni futhi Maphakathi nekhulu le-Athazeksesi, asisiza sibone ukuthi uJehova eyinkimbinkimbi, umbukeli wesimanje kuphela ukumamatheka uyazehlisa. Ngokungafani bolshinstvaetih imidwebo, imisebenzi Hitchcock futhi namanje zinhle kakhulu nge umsebenzi wabo ngokushesha, ukugcina simo esishubile ehholo ezibukelini ngesikhathi ebuka, ukusunduza up to a esiphezulu nezinzwa ukubukela.

Alfred Hitchcock amafilimu zazo wabheka abaqondisi ovelele kakhulu owayephila ezifana Uilyam Fridkin, David O. Russell, Quentin Tarantino, Maykl Mann futhi Guillermo del Toro, bethonywe ukwakheka izitayela okudala izizukulwane abenzi mafilimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ethonya ukuthuthukiswa cinema bebonke. Projects Hitchcock wafuna ukuhoxisa amathalenta bhá Dream Factory: Grays uKelli, Ingrid Bergman, Dzheyms Styuart, u-Anthony Perkins, Shon Konneri , nabanye abaningi.

Waba yini umphumela wesibindi ngendlela yokudala

Phakathi okudala umsebenzi wokuqedwa umqondisi kwakhe iye yaklonyeliswa American Film Institute futhi knighted yiNdlovukazi uQueen Elizabeth II. 55 yobude obugcwele amafilimu abaye baba zabuna zezwe ifilimu umkhakha, Uyi iyifa eliyigugu oshiye ngemuva Alfred Hitchcock. Filmographie King horror 21 sihlanganisa isiqephu yochungechunge ithelevishini "A. Hitchcock Presents "2 iphrojekthi sidle, namafilimu ezimbili obubhalwe ukuthi badutshulwa 1944.

Ubaba lamadolobha esimanjemanje Thriller Hitchcock ngokuthi ngengozi, ngesikhathi ukubonakaliswa amabhayisikobho akhe, izibukeli eziningi ezisheshayo kokushiya ehholo, abantu ngisho waquleka. Sekuvele yesehlakalo ezakha kuhlaselwa inhliziyo "Psycho" Namanje isebangeni njengoba omunye izigcawu ezesabekayo kakhulu movie. Lo mphumela kungafinyelelwa Alfred kuphela Hichkok.

Biography. ebuntwaneni

Umsunguli ikusasa uhlobo wazalwa emadolobheni asemaphethelweni inhlokodolobha yase-Great Britain enyangeni edlule ehlobo 1899. Bazali, ngokuba abasekeli oshisekayo YobuKatolika, wathumela indodana yakhe ukufunda ekolishi ongumJesuit. Ngokwabacwaningi Biography of the womculo, lena inkathi ithonya esinamandla kumiswa wakhe umbono abanawo emhlabeni wonke kanye nombono nezwe.

Alfred Hitchcock njengoba ingane wahlupheka omunye ukushaqeka. Ngaphambili he ekuseni nesibindi ukungamlaleli uyise. Wabiza amaphoyisa ngacela ukuba afundise isifundo indodana zokunganaki. Amaphoyisa athatha umfana esiteshini samaphoyisa isikhathi esifushane ikhiyiwe evalelwe yedwa. Nakho beshaqekile ushiye izibazi psyche wengane: esekhulile, bayabesaba bezomthetho nomthetho. Esikhathini izikhonzi imidwebo ngabanye kuyofikwa ngokucacile isisusa uvalo izinhlamvu ngaphambi icala engenabulungisa.

intsha

Wayephila ngesikhathi kwenkathi cwaningo ekolishi - isiyalo esiqinile, ukucindezela kokuphila ngokwesaba njalo - Elisabeth Hitchcock wathola ngo-1914 eSikoleni of Engineering, onikeza ntandokazi ekutadisheni Ukuqondiswa kwemikhumbi, ubunjiniyela, omakhenikha kanye umsindo. Ngo parallel, waya Izinkulumo art. Ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili, ikusasa oqondisa ukukhanya wazama zijoyine amavolontiya, nokho, yena waba babhaliswa esiqiwini ngoba ukukhuluphala yabo.

Hitchcock waqala umsebenzi wakhe eMnyangweni ukukhangisa inkampani ukwenziwa nezintambo zikagesi. Ngolunye usuku yakhipha isiyalelo ejwayelekile womshini amaphosta TB. Chief Alfred balindele ukumangala kumnandi: phezu amaphosta siphelile ugesi ezivamile ikhebula laqanjwa Hitchcock ukubulala isikhali. Ukuhlola izinga isixazululo ongaphansi, boss Kunconywa umsebenzi sokusungula ukuzama isandla sakhe studio. Ngakho, kungalindelekile, umqondisi esizayo singena umkhakha ifilimu.

izinyathelo kuqala

Ekuqaleni, u-Alfred Hitchcock, ogama isithombe manje ihlobisa yokwamukela izivakashi studio, uye uqashwe ngogesi. Kamuva, waphathiswa imithwalo ukulotshwa credits amabhayisikobho isiqedile. Wayengene Shí ngekhanda emkhathini creative, sezwe umlingo cinema, u-Alfred ngokushesha waqala ukubhala amaskripthi amafilimu kanye wawina umqondisi esihlalweni umsizi. umqondisi Debut ifilimu "Garden of Delights", okuyinto Hitchcock wathwebula ngo-1925. Nokho, amehlo kinoobschestvennosti wakwazi ukunqoba ngemva konyaka, lo mdwebo "The Intaba Lokhozi", wathwebula isitayela umphenyi zakudala. Kusukela amafilimu umsindo wokuqala umbhali abenzi mafilimu hit isitayela zokudala nesitayela lombhali, eyabonisa Alfred Hitchcock. Ama-movie "Call of Elstree", "Blackmail", "Ukubulala" kwaba iphrojekthi lokuqala lapho wasebenzisa reception yakhe yokudala, kamuva ebekwe elithi "ukungabaza".

Of izithombe lokuqala Hitchcock esiphumelela kakhulu uthathwa njengomunye "The Lady ibisinyamalala" nesithi "Izinyathelo 39", okuyinto eyaba kuphumelele kwezentengiselwano futhi khona ngezandla ezifudumele ngu ifilimu a baxgeki. Eyokuqala yalezi amafilimu waklonyeliswa New York Film Abagxeki Guild, ukukala omkhulu onjalo benomdlandla sibhekiswe ukudala nezinye yobuciko.

"American" inkathi

Ngemva ukuqashelwa global Alfred Hitchcock yathenjiswa ezilingayo ukubona lapho umkhiqizi David O. Selznick ukuthuthela Hollywood. Eyokuqala Hollywood ifilimu "Rebecca" umqondisi usuthela ehhovisi ibhokisi futhi wathola athandwayo "Oscar". Recognition ivumela abakhiqizi Umhleli womdanso musa afeze oda futhi ukuthatha okufunayo. Ngo-Hollywood, wamkhulula esicishe sibe unyaka ifilimu, phakathi kwawo - ethafeni umphenyi amafilimu, okuvusa usinga nesithombe ngemibono. Cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo wazama Alfred yakhe Hitchcock. Filmography (amafilimu okufutshane kuhlanganise) umqondisi has amabhayisikobho kanye nokuhluleka ayibonwa. Ngokwesibonelo, "Mesabeni yesehlakalo", ngemva kwalokho kinoobschestvennost ngokuxhamazela wanquma ukuthi umqondisi isiphelile.

iqophelo lokusungula

iminyaka 50-60 yekhulu lamashumi amabili ezibhekwa esiqongweni lokusungula Hitchcock. Phakathi nale nkathi, sikhipha ifilimu "Vertigo," "Iwindi engemuva" futhi "North ngu Northwest", okuyinto eyaba isitayela indinganiso Hitchcockian kombhali.

Nokho, lo mdwebo ezibaluleke kakhulu emsebenzini Hitchcock kubhekwe movie "Psycho" - abesabekayo kakhulu, edumile, akaphelelwa ukuhlobana, nemibono emisha uhlala esiyingqayizivele, naphezu kwemizamo okuphindaphindiwe ukudlala ukunqoba kwakhe. Le filimu ingaqiniseki eziyihlazo alethwe imikhawulo umngcele, emgqeni esihle, okuyiwona - the uhlanya theku. It ayalolongwa ekupheleleni wonke amathuluzi cinematic, amasu yokukhuluma kwezobuciko, ezisukela kokufaka okungenakuqhathaniswa ezicindezelayo zihambisane nezinsimbi zomculo Bernard Horrmanna nesiqondiso ezintsha, okuyinto lolungenamaphutsa-Alfred Hichkok.

Filmography (amabhayisikobho engcono), i Innovator kuhlanganisa ingenye ethakazelisa kunazo ifilimu iphrojekthi osesikhundleni "The Birds". Izinyoni movie ejwayelekile kukhona ehilela Hitchcock ngendlela engaqondakali okubi inexorable idwala nokufuna protagonists. Lesi sithombe ukhonza njengomdala nangenye isiqinisekiso yokuthi Hitchcock imfundo yamabanga aphansi wayithola ngaleso ongumJesuit ekolishi, kwaba samaPuritan, ukuhlonipha imithetho yobuKristu.

Ekupheleni komgwaqo

Ngemva ngokunqoba "Izinyoni" Alfred Hichkok wathwebula amafilimu eziningana, kodwa abazange babe ibe yimpumelelo enkulu enjalo. Umsebenzi wokugcina womculo kubhekwe mdwebo "uzungu Umndeni", eyakhululwa ngo-iqashwe ngo-1976. Ngokusho amahlebezi, bese Hitchcock umane sichithiwe bonke abasebenzi izisebenzi, ivaliwe kwecala kwesokunxele.

Hitchcock waba yini nomkhuba ukuvela kokuthi ifilimu yakhe usebenza cameo, okubonisa ohlakeni ngesimo ababukele emgwaqweni noma abedlula ngendlela. Ekupheleni ngendlela yokudala umqondisi wadala ngamabomu umoya ezingaqondakali simngungile, ezizungezile ukuphila kwakhe i aura eyimfihlakalo.

Kikho koke ukuphila kwakhe, Hitchcock kwakuyiqiniso owesifazane kuphela - umkakhe Alma Revil, egcwele ukwesekwa okuthembekile kumyeni wakhe. Emva kokushona kwakhe, umqondisi ayikwazanga alulame, shí otshwaleni. horror yinkosi washona ngo-1980, njengoba beye efinyelela eminyakeni yobudala engu-80. Isidumbu sakhe sebefile nomlotha, ngokuvumelana nentando yakhe, uhlakazekela khona expanses enkulukazi ePacific Ocean.