Arapaima (inhlanzi): incazelo, ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo kanye nezithombe

Arapaima - Monster Fish ase-Amazon. ngezinye izikhathi yayo obuphelele umzimba ifinyelela 2.5 amamitha, kanye isisindo sihamba 2 Quintal. Sekuyisikhathi eside Lokhu nomzingeli amanzi yabakhanga ososayensi, njengoba lezi Ubukhulu akuzona eziyizici ezihlala emanzini angenawo usawoti. Ngakho-ke, imizamo eminingi kuye kwenziwa eminyakeni yamuva ukuhlola zonke izici zokuphila Arapaima.

Yesivakashi kusuka esidlule

Ngokokuqala ngqá arapayma sibonwe ososayensi European ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX. Khona-ke siye wazichaza ngokuthi isilo omkhulu ehlala elisemcengezini woMfula i-Amazon. Nokho, nje, ososayensi baye bakwazi ukuhlola ngokugcwele zonke izici le nhlanzi. It kuvela ukuthi arapayma - isimenywa kusukela esikhathini eside esidlule, ukuthi yini ukunemba kakhudlwana, zinhlobo wezinsalela zamandulo. Lokho kube isiphelo sesimiso ososayensi uye kwaphoqa morphology salo, esiwulwazi wehlukile noma yini thina ejwayele namhlanje.

Ake uqale nge iqiniso lokuthi Arapaima - lungfish. Lokhu kusho ukuthi-ke angasebenzisa umoya ambient njengoba uthishanhloko umthombo womoya-mpilo. Khumbula ukuthi izinhlanzi eziningi beswela amathuba anjalo, okwenza nomzingeli zethu ngisho esiyingqayizivele ngaphezulu. Futhi, ningazifanisi "ukukhanya" wakhe, kuba kudala ngabe washona. Phela, njengoba lingakanani omkhulu ka amanzi anodaka ase-Amazon wayengeke asonge izandla ukunikeza lemali edingekayo umoya-mpilo izinhlanzi.

Arapaima Giant: incazelo

Isici esiyinhloko le nhlanzi lingakanani. Ngokwesilinganiso, abantu abadala ukufinyelela 2 amamitha ubude, kodwa siyazi Ezimweni eziningi lapho abadobi babamba abameleli olukhudlwana kwalesi silwane. Ngakho, kuze kube manje, kugcinwa irekhodi we Arapaima, ubude baso safinyelela uphawu 4.5 amamitha. Isisindo izinhlanzi omdala kuhluka 180-220 kg.

Uma sikhuluma ukubukeka, le Arapaima - izinhlanzi enomzimba eside, kancane onomfutho ezinhlangothini. ezakheke zifana Pike, nakuba olukhudlwana. I amaphiko futhi amaphiko anal zitholakala endaweni ngemuva izinhlanzi, ukwakha uhlobo oluthile wonke umsila. Enye imfanelo okubalulekile izikali zayo ezinkulu. Bebonke bakha anezikhala iphethini ecacile, olubonakala ngisho amanzi anodaka.

Ngokuqondene umbala, ubunjalo endowed Arapaima ukukhanya umthunzi omnqumo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekukhanyeni izikali zayo anombala ocwazimulayo ithusi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho amathoni abomvu. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi eduze isisu umsila senhlanzi. Kodwa futhi kwenzeka ukuthi bonke umzimba umhlaseli ligcwele njengegazi. Yingakho amaNdiya ngokuthi izinhlanzi "pirarucu", okusho ukuthi "inhlanzi red".

endaweni

Arapaima - inhlanzi, wathola kuphela eNingizimu Melika. Nokho, namuhla lingatholakala kwezinye izifunda zomhlaba, kodwa walethwa abalimi yangasese. Ngenxa yalokho, ese-Amazon Basin ndawo kuphela lapho pirarucu kungaba ephila endle. Uma sicabangela izixhumanisi ngqo, labantu elikhulu lezinhlobo ezitholakala emanzini okuqondene Peru, Brazil kanye Guyana.

By the way, ekuqaleni kwalo zinhlobo nhlanzi futhi ahlala River Columbia, kodwa ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuyinto yokuqothulwa ngokuphelele. kwezazi Found baphikisa ngokuthi Arapaima zokugcina wahlala lapha esikhathini Miocene, okungukuthi iminyaka eyizigidi 5-10 edlule.

ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

Arapaima - inhlanzi enkulu, ngakho-ke ithanda amanzi-esilazayo egcwele. Ukuze amaxhaphozi ephelele wakhe, ukhula yene futhi ezihlabayo. Lapha-ke zingatholakala hhayi kuphela ukukhoseliswa agcwele, kodwa futhi ukufinyelela ocebile wokudla: umtshitshi nezinye izinhlanzi, mollusk, ngisho izilwane zasemhlabeni.

Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo ezinkulu ke bunozwela ushintsho kwezinga lokushisa lamanzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba evamile idinga ukushisa. Ngakho uzama ukugwema amanzi epholile futhi labo izingxenye emfuleni, lapho beat okhiye abandayo. Kodwa ukushisa iletha ukuthula, njengoba kufakazelwa amarekhodi eziningi lososayensi.

ukudla

Arapaima - nomzingeli izinhlanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, banikezwe lingakanani, ungakwazi kalula ukuqagela ukuthi isisulu bangaba cishe kunoma iyiphi owakhileyo yoMfula i-Amazon. It ngokuyinhloko Usizakala nezinye izinhlanzi ezingenamgogodla, okuyizinto ecebile amaprotheni. Futhi arapayma Unganqikazi ingcuba udla, nokuthi akazange ukuphatha ukubhubhisa piranha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, naphezu olinganise ezinkulukazi pirarucu uyakwazi ukuthuthukisa isivinini ngumuntu sina ekuphishekeleni kwabo inyamazane. Kodwa ososayensi abaningi eshaya ukuthi arapayma kungaba gxuma ungene emanzini futhi catch inyamazane enkulu. Ngokwesibonelo, okwazi jumping catch inyoni noma isibankwa buthule ehlezi legatsha.

ukuziphatha Izici

Amazon Fish - Arapaima - akawuthandi sokuchitha wezaMandla ukunyakaza ezingadingekile. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi lapho kungenziwanga okuzingela nomzingeli buthule basking elangeni. Uma amanzi emfuleni asivumelani ngokuqinile turbid, ke inamathele ebusweni ebusweni nemihlathi akuveza ukuchofozwa, ukugwinya emoyeni "ukukhanya" efudumele. Inzuzo kungaba ukukhokhela iholide enjalo, ngoba izitha zemvelo ayenakho okungaka.

Kwenzeka inqaba, ngisho piranha ningathinti ke. Isizathu - a Arapaima izikali eqinile, esebenza njengesikhali zempi yakhe ukuba negalelo ukuze bazivikele amazinyo abukhali nomzingeli begazi. Ngakho-ke pirarucu ngisho sinake yokuthi eduze emzini wakhe ukuze esinamandla umakhelwane. Izitha kuphela Arapaima namuhla izingwenya kanye nabantu, ngakho-ke kungenzeka baba yokugcina le ekubukeni engcupheni yokuqothulwa.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Ukuze bakhiqize zilwane uzilungiselele kuphela ngomnyaka wesihlanu zokuphila kwakhe. Phakathi zidala, izinhlanzi ufuna indawo engajulile nge phansi ehlanzekile anesihlabathi. Lapha bazokwazi sokumba isidleke-imbobo, okuyinto ke uzobe caviar imisiwe. Lo mcimbi senzeka ngasekupheleni April - ekuqaleni kuka May, lapho amanzi ifinyelela izinga lokushisa elilungile.

Kulokhu, abazali ungashiyi esidlekeni kuze gazinga kuze singayazi achanyuselwe. Inzuzo yalesi okwenzeka ngokushesha, zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-2-3 "izingane" Arapaima bazalwa. Ngemva kwalokho, baqala silalele, silandele kuyise, yena naso sonke lesi sikhathi, uhlakulela kubo. Kuze kube yimanje, it has nezindlala ekhethekile etholakala eduze iso. Bona secrete enzyme ekhethekile ukhonza njengelungu umthombo ukudla inhlanzi eliyiduna ezilandelayo ezingu-7-10.

Pirarucu nabantu

Namuhla Arapaima - inhlanzi, ivele ifune ukunakwa izinhlangano kwemvelo. Phakathi nale minyaka emibili eminyaka bakhona sesinciphe kakhulu, okwenza ososayensi nomsindo we-alamu. Ngu lokhu kwaholela engalawuliwe izinhlanzi ekubambeni kusukela bendawo. Futhi uma ezinsukwini ubudala, amaNdiya asetshenziswa kuphela imikhonto inethiwekhi okuzenzela, ngemuva kokufika baseYurophu baye bafunda ukusebenzisa izindlela "ezinezithelo 'yokubamba emfuleni giant.

Inzuzo iziphathimandla Brazilian esungulwe umisa okuqinile ekubambeni Arapaima. Manje kungenzeka yokuzingela kanye kuphela ngonyaka, ngo isikhathi esabelwe ngokukhethekile. Kulokhu, ekuqaleni abadobi kumele ukuthola ilayisensi konke okwakufunwa yiziphathimandla, kungenjalo uzobe elinde sijeziso esinzima. Nokho, abomdabu abaningi namanje abephula lo mthetho, ngoba ukuthengisa inhlanzi eyodwa, bangathethelelwa inani elilingana nomholo wabo nyangazonke.