Anatomy of the nerve trigeminal amagatsha awo

Sagcina ziyisisekelo isimiso sezinzwa. Iningi lawo abantu cranial, ukuthi uphuma ubuchopho. onjalo emsipheni trigeminal. Kuyini anatomy of emsipheni trigeminal?

Kuyini lokhu?

ezinzwa trigeminal e sakhiwo emsipheni yohlobo okuxubile. 5 ikhuluma ngomthamo pair of izinzwa cranial.

Kuhlanganisa ebucayi (centripetal afferent) kanye motor (centrifugal) endwangwini, lapho oku-amaza emsipheni adluliswa kokubili ebusweni (ubuhlungu kanye lokushisa) kanye (proprioceptive) receptor ezijulile. I ngamandla motor innervation core eyenziwa okuyinto innervates imisipha masticatory ikakhulu. Kodwa iyini ngempela anatomy of emsipheni trigeminal kanye kwasendaweni namagatsha awo?

Nerve eshiya ubuchopho endaweni ngayo leli bhuloho. Ukuza aphume ubuchopho, iningi kuthatha indawo mbhoshongo wethambo yesikhashana. On phezulu kukhona ukwahlukana phakathi amagatsha amathathu emsipheni: esemkhathini (r.ophthalmicus), maxillary (r.maxillaris) futhi mandibular (r.mandibularis).

Lokhu ezinzwa iyathakazelisa neurologists kusukela innervates yonke indawo ebusweni. Kaningi waphawula ukuhlulwa kwakhe ngesikhathi supercooling, ukuhlukumezeka endaweni ebusweni, ezinye izifo of the system zemisipha.

Yiziphi anatomy of emsipheni trigeminal amagatsha awo?

ezinzwa esemkhathini

Leli igatsha lokuqala le-nerve trigeminal kuyinto ezinzwa noma esemkhathini nervus ophthalmicus.

Kuyinto amagatsha thinnest esukela emsipheni trigeminal. Yena wenza ikakhulukazi umsebenzi we reception. Innervate isikhumba yasebunzini, ezinye izingxenye zale ndawo yesikhashana futhi parietal, lid engenhla, ngemuva ekhaleni, sinuses, abanye amathambo ebusweni kanye mucosa kancane acinene.

Isakhiwo emsipheni siqukethe izinyanda encane eqhele amathathu ka yezinzwa. Nerve engena isokhethi iso ngesikhathi udonga lwangaphandle itheku esemkhathini, okuthumela legatsha ukuze isivimbo abducens. Ngo elingenhla esemkhathini emsipheni yamaphephandaba zihlukaniswa zibe ezintathu ezincane futhi mncane ugongolo - lacrimal, frontal nezinzwa ciliary.

Vala kwasendaweni yeso ngokuvamile kuholela kunqotshwa kwazo ngenxa yokulimala noma iso isokhethi esifundeni supraorbital.

ezinzwa Ciliary yena, wakha ganglion ciliary, elise emngceleni eyesithathu kwangaphakathi futhi phakathi ka emsipheni optic. It siqukethe le parasympathetic kwalapho abathintekayo kulo innervation we nezindlala iso, futhi endaweni periorbital.

ezinzwa maxillary

Enye legatsha emsipheni trigeminal iyona maxillary noma nervus maxillaris.

Ushiya ingaphakathi cranial ngokusebenzisa ovale foramen. Kusukela lokho, yena iwela fossa pterygopalatine-LasePalatine. Ukudlulisa therein ku emsipheni infraorbital ubabonisa ngokusebenzisa aphansi imbobo esemkhathini. Ngemva kokudlula ezikhungweni therethrough, nerve ugijima isiteshi esifanayo odongeni phansi orbit. On ubuso iphume ngokusebenzisa aphansi imbobo esemkhathini lapho Ihlukana emagatsheni amancane. Bakha kwakwakhe ne amagatsha we emsipheni ebusweni futhi innervate isikhumba leso aphansi, lip engenhla kanye ohlangothini ebusweni ebusweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-maxillary emsipheni legatsha ehlukana ezifana zygomatic ezinzwa alveolar legatsha engenhla ukwakha interlacement emhlabeni amazinyo amagatsha ganglionic yokuxhuma emsipheni maxillary nge pterygopalatine ganglion-LasePalatine.

Ukunqotshwa kwe-nerve is ebonwe ukulimala okukhulu nazo, neuritis, imisebenzi emazinyweni sinuses.

ezinzwa mandibular

Igatsha lwesithathu futhi kunzima kakhulu emsipheni trigeminal iyona mandibular noma nervus mandibularis. Ngo ukwakheka kwalo has, ngaphandle amagatsha ebucayi, cishe kanye nazo zonke impande motor emsipheni trigeminal elisukela nucleus motor, motorius nucleus ukuze imisipha umhlathi ongezansi. Ngenxa yalokho leli lungiselelo uyabanikeza imisipha idatha kanye isikhumba ukuthi ihlanganisa kubo. Nerve akube kusakhulunywa ngaye skull ngokusebenzisa ovale foramen (iwindi okusaqanda noma ukuvulwa) bese ngamaqembu amabili amagatsha:

• amagatsha kwemisipha ukuya imisipha masseter - imisipha pterygoid, le yesikhashana; innervated futhi digastricus musculus.
• Amagatsha nokuzwelana mucosa buccal, kanye phansi ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo ukuphi. Ingxenye amagatsha innervate idatha nolimi. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke futhi ezinde kunazo zonke legatsha mandibular ezinzwa - alveolny aphansi (kweminye imithombo - alveolar) ezinzwa sidlula foramen zehloko ngama Umthambo homonymous futhi engena aphansi emhlathini isiteshi kwakhiwa lapho ephansi plexus alveolar is.

Kunengqondo ukuthi igatsha emsipheni trigeminal liyaqhubeka. Anatomy umdwebo Izinzwa (isakhiwo) kanye izakhiwo zalo (okuxubile ezinzwa fibre) ukuphakamisa lokhu ukuphela legatsha. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi akha bakhiphe elezinga eliphansi alveolar emsipheni plexus, endaweni ngemva kokuqedwa kwalo kungase kubhekwe njengokuvamile yokungena siya emseleni mandibular.

Inkambo we izinzwa

Kuyini anatomy of emsipheni trigeminal (isakhiwo kanye nenqubekela lamagatsha alo)?

Isakhiwo siyafana we emsipheni trigeminal kunoma yikuphi umgogodla izinzwa. Emsipheni trigeminal uphiko enkulu ekhethekile - le ganglion trigeminal. Lokhu kumiswa itholakala phakathi fossa cranial. Kuzo zonke izinhlangothi lizungezwe amashidi laseDura Mater. Node has dendrites akha amagatsha amathathu ezinkulu avelele emsipheni trigeminal. Ezizwelayo ezinzwa impande lingena ngokusebenzisa umlenze phakathi cerebellum, lapho ivaliwe nuclei ezintathu zobuchopho - elingenhla nemkhatsi, ngamunye equkethe izinzwa ethize sezinzwa. Motor ingxenye emsipheni iqala kusukela motor nucleus - motorius-nucleus.

Ngenxa yaleli lungiselelo, emsipheni zingavezelwa yibo bobabili ubuchopho nezicubu eziseduze, futhi ngaleyo ndlela iyathakazelisa neurologists.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezinkulu izilonda sici emsipheni?

Tifo letibangwa emsipheni trigeminal

Yini tinchubo nomthelela umthamo nemisebenzi yokusetshenziswa imfundo ngendlela lapho okungenzeka bahlukunyezwe emsipheni trigeminal?

Anatomy unhlangothi yayo predisposes kuya channelopathies ukuthuthukiswa - sokwephulwa kwe amagatsha ezinzwa edabula isiteshi noma indima zokwakheka ezizungezile. Kulokhu, ulwazi nesimo sendawo of emsipheni, futhi ezinye izimpawu nezokusigcoba ikuvumela ukusetha ezingeni kokunqotshwa kwalo bese sithatha izinyathelo ezifanele.

Esinye isici esibalulekile ngokulinganayo ithonya kwezicubu ezizungezile. Ngokuvamile ku izinzwa kuthinte ebuchosheni. Inwebisa, bathuthukisa kokucindezelwa yokubukeka kwakhe kanye ethile isithombe emtholampilo.

Anatomy of the nerve trigeminal (the ulwazi emagatsheni awo nezindawo ke ebusweni projector) ukunquma ophumayo iphuzu amagatsha emsipheni, futhi izindlela electrophysiological yesenzo kumelwe uzishukumise, noma, uma kubhekwa indawo legatsha, afeze ukwelashwa okufanele lesi sifo ecashile, okwaholela ukubonakala izimpawu.

Ukutadisha emsipheni trigeminal

Ukutadisha umsebenzi emsipheni trigeminal iqhutshwa sokunquma ukuzwela kwesikhumba, ngalo innervates, kanye nekhono lesiguli esishubile futhi imisipha nut. Ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-palpation ezinzwa amaphuzu ekuphumeni yayo ubuso. Unquma kanjani ukuthi ebucayi emsipheni trigeminal? Anatomy kuyivumela ukucacisa umsebenzi izinzwa sezinzwa, etholakala ngaphansi kwesikhumba.

Ukunqunywa luvelo is wayebaphathele elicwiliswe isixazululo uyabanda noma ushise noma ukotini swab. Ubuhlungu ukuzwela uhlolwa izinaliti ethinta inhliziyo.

Ukuhlola umsebenzi motor isiguli ucelwa ukuba wenze ukunyakaza eziningana nut.

Ephambi kwezinduna ushintsho sokugembula is ebonwe ukuzwela okukodwa noma okungaphezulu okulandelanayo esishintshashintshayo ka innervation noma ukungakwazi nesineke ukuze kukwazi ukunyakaza ngendlela ukuhlafuna kahle. Kube ukuphambuka emhlathini ohlangothini Isiguli noma ngokweqile imisipha spasm. I imisipha masticatory kunqunywa lapho sicindezelwe ngokumelene nabo nesenzo nut.

Yini odinga ukuyazi nesimo sendawo

nokwakheka kwendawo ye emsipheni trigeminal kuyadingeka ngenxa yokuzimisela olunembile lesion ndawo. Ukwazi iphi okuyinto legatsha, lapho izimpawu zokwelapha sici for ukunqotshwa yayo nokuthi yini zingase zibe yinkimbinkimbi, kungenzeka ukunquma ivolumu kanye nokwelashwa uhlelo.

Ulwazi indawo kanye Yebo amagatsha emsipheni oba emahlombe neurologists futhi neurosurgeons. Kuyinto lezi ochwepheshe anesizotha sibhekene izifo okushayile emsipheni trigeminal. Anatomy (isithombe etholwe MRI) ukunquma amacebo ukwelashwa bese sithatha izinyathelo ezifanele.

Ngesikhathi izimpawu zokuqala izilonda obuhlukahlukene emsipheni legatsha kumele ngokushesha ufune usizo kudokotela ukwenza ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa umdwebo algorithm.