Amathangi angu-T-80: izici, ukuguqulwa, izikhali, isithombe

Amathangi T-80 - izimoto eziyinhloko zempi, ezikhiqizwa kakhulu e-USSR, kusukela ngo-1978. Ukusebenza kwenziwa kuze kube ngo-1998. Leli qembu lokulwa laliyilungu lohlobo lwayo oluhlonyelwe uhlelo lokuvikelwa okunamandla ngamagobolondo, kanye nesitshalo samandla esisekelwe ku-turbine yegesi.

Amathangi okukhanya T-80 nawo akhiqizwa esikhathini esukela ngo-1942 kuya ku-1943. Kukhishwe amasampula angu-70 kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho, esitshalweni, "ukushaya" kwakhe kwafakwa esikhundleni sokukhiqizwa kwezinsimbi zokulwa nezikhali SU-76M. Amathangi okukhanya T-80 ayengakabikho.

Umlando wendalo

Umlando we-tank uqala emuva ngo-1964, lapho kunqunywe emhlanganweni weCPSU Central Committee ukuthuthukisa imoto entsha yokulwa, ethatha isisekelo se-T-64. I-tank entsha yakhulelwa njengendlela yokuthutha injini ye-turbine injini ezoba nengxenye engamakhilomitha angu-450 ehamba ne-1000 horsepower kanye newaranti isikhathi samahora angu-500.

Isizathu saleso sinqumo siphumelele ngenxa ye-obsolescence ye-T-64. Abaphathi bancike ezinjini ze-gas turbine njengendlela yokuthuthukisa izici zokusebenza zeyunithi yokulwa. Isici salesi simiso kwakungukuntuleka kwesidingo sokufudumala ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, okwathi okufinyeleleka kakhulu isikhathi sokuletha isibalo se-tank ekubeni ukulungela ukulwa. Ikakhulukazi ebusika obunzima.

Ukuhlolwa kokuqala

Cishe kusukela ngo-1968 kuya ku-1974, amathangi angama-T-80 alingayo (okwamanje agqoke amagama amancane okuhlola afana ne-"Object-219") athola uchungechunge lwezivivinyo. Abanye babonise imiphumela enganelisayo emsebenzini wohlobo olusha lwe-injini, ezinye zazingekho ngokuphelele.

Ngemuva kwezinombolo eziningi zokuguqulwa, ukuhlolwa kwekhono kwaphinde kwaqhutshwa - ngaphansi kwezimo zothuli oluphakeme, ngaleso sikhathi lapho kuhamba khona iqhwa elimbozwe inhlabathi.

Amathangi we-T-80 ene injini ye-diesel abanjwe ukugijima okuphezulu ekusebenzisaneni nezimoto zokulwa nezinsana. Imoto ishukunyiselwa kalula ezikhundleni zangaphambili ukuze ihlasele isitha, ithuthukise isivinini se-20 kuya ku-30 km / h.

Ezindaweni ezahlukene ezahlukene, lezi tanks zabonisa ukulinganisa okulinganiselwe kusuka ku-20 kuya ku-40 km / h, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kwaze kwaba yilapho, futhi izindleko zikafutha zivela kuma-435 kuya ku-840 amalitha.

I-Tank T-80. Izimpawu kanye nosuku

Ngo-1976, i- "Object-219" yamukelwa ngenkonzo ngaphansi kokumaka kuka-T-80. Ngakho kwakukhona amathangi okuqala ane injini ye-gas turbine. Ukuqhathanisa: I-tank yaseMelika "Abrams" yafakwa ekusakazweni kuphela ngo-1980.

Itangi le-T-80 (isithombe ngezansi) lalinomzimba owenziwe ngamapuleti aphikisiwe, afana nalawa abandulela T-72 no-TA 64A.

Umbhoshongo uqothulwe ngokuphelele kusuka ensimbi ene-armored, ine-configuration encane futhi ifakwe nesithole esinqunyiwe. Ukulinganisa kwesibhamu kungama-125 mm, i-cannon ifakwe isikhwama esisekelweni se-trunk, indlela yokushaja kanye nesistimu yokuthumela i-projectile ngezindlela eziningi ezifana ne-T-64A. Futhi embhoshongweni kwakuyisibhamu semishini yokulwa nomshayeli "Utes" kanye ne-PKT yokuhamba.

Uhlobo lwezembatho: insimbi igxilwe futhi iphonswe, kanye nokuhlanganiswa. Isisindo se-T-80 ithangi laliyi-42 amathani. Ubude (kanye nesibhamu) cishe buyi-9,656 mm, umzimba unama-6780 mm, ububanzi buyi-3525 mm, ukuphakama (kusukela endaweni ephansi kunazo zonke kuya phezulu kombhoshongo) ngu-3525 mm.

I-T-80BV nezinye ukuthuthukiswa

Intuthuko yobuchwepheshe ayizange imise. Ngo-1978 kwavela inguqulo ethuthukisiwe - T-80B. Kwahlukaniswa ukutholakala kwezikhali ezilawulwayo "i-Cobra", uhlelo lwezintambo zokuqalisa amabhomu omusi "i-Cloud" nezikhali ezithuthukisiwe zombili igobolondo nombhoshongo.

Ngokufanayo, imodeli ye-T-80BK yasungulwa esitshalweni se-Omsk.

Ngo-1985, i-model T-80BV iyaqala ukusebenza. Ihluke kumuntu owandulela phambili ekubeni khona embhoshongweni kanye nomzimba wokuvikelwa okunamandla.

Ukuguqulwa kokugcina nokuphumelela kakhulu kwakuyi-model T-80U, eyenziwe ngo-1985-m. Izimiso zomklamo zivela kumamodeli wangaphambilini "angamashumi ayisikhombisa". Isisindo sakhuphuka sibe ngamathani angu-46.

Uhlelo lokulawulwa komlilo seluthole izinyathelo eziningi zokuthuthukiswa, njengendlela yokuhlonza ubusuku nemini yokuhloswa komshini wokubheka ikhompiyutha nomlawuli wamakhompiyutha.

Ukuvuselelwa kwenzelwa ukukwazi ukulwa nezinhloso zokuzivikela, kodwa futhi nezindiza ezindizayo ezindizayo ngenxa yesistimu yokulawulwa okuyinkimbinkimbi yemicibisholo eqondiswayo "Reflex". I-projectile edutshulwe ibhekiswe ku-pointer yi-borrower laser endaweni eqhele ngamamitha ayi-100 kuya ku-5000.

ТТХ yamanveli

Amathangi we-T-80 ayebhekwa ngokufanele njengenye yezinguquko eziphambili kakhulu emibonweni yokuklama yaseRussia. Uma kuqhathaniswa, izici zabo zobuciko nobuchwepheshe kufanele zicatshangelwe.

I-T-80BV yayinamathani angama-43.7, kanti i-T-80B yayisindayo futhi ilinganiselwa ku-46.

Ubude bokuqala ngesibhamu kwakuyi-9651 mm, lapho imodeli eyithuthukisiwe yayifushane - 9556 mm.

Ngokuqondene necala ngokwayo, lapha kunalokho. I-T-80B inebude be-6982 mm, ububanzi buka-3582 mm, kanti i-T-80U inezici ezingu-7012 mm no-3603 mm, ngokulandelana.

Umehluko ekuphakameni cishe awubonakali isohlo. Izibalo zibonisa umehluko kumadokhumenti kuphela - 2219 ngokumelene no-2215 mm.

Ukuyeka ukukhiqizwa

I-T-80 (isithombe ngezansi) inezinombolo eziningi zokuguqulwa ezihloselwe ukuthunyelwa emazweni ahlukene emhlabeni. Kuningi olunjalo. Isibonelo, imodeli ye "amashumi ayisishiyagalombili" engxenyeni ye-diesel eyenziwe eKharkov ngaphansi kwe-T-80UD, yayiyisisekelo semishini yezempi yase-Ukraine: "Ukuvota", BM "Oplot" no-T-84.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe "amashumi ayisishiyagalombili" kwavalwa ngo-1998. Izizathu, ngeshwa, aziwa. Noma kunjalo, imoto yokulwa isasebenza nenhlangano yeRussian Federation.

Armata

NgoMeyi 5, 2016, itanki elisha le-T-14 eliseplathini le-Armata linikezwe umphakathi jikelele embukisweni weRed Square.

Lakhelwe ngaphakathi kohlaka lweprojekthi "Izinhlelo Zokulwa Zesikhathi Esizayo", kanye nokubamba iqhaza "empini ye-centric network". Leli gama lisho imfundiso yasempi eyamemezelwa amazwe ase-NATO, okuyinto ukuhlanganiswa kwezenzo zamandla okuhlaselwa noma okuzivikela, abumbene kwinethiwekhi eyodwa yolwazi.

I-T-14 yaba yitangi lokuqala eliseRussia. Umzimba womshini wakhiwe ngezinto ezikhethekile okwenza kube nzima ukubona inqubo ngamagagasi amakhulu eyaziwa nge-radar futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ibanga elidingekayo ukuze ihlombe lifakwe yi-Javelin noma iBrimstone missile system systems.

Ukuzikhethela kwetheki ukuthi abasebenzi basezindaweni zonke. Umbhoshongo uhlala ungahlali muntu, owenza futhi ukuvikelwa kwamalungu okubala ezimweni zokulwa.

I-"Armata" eyinkimbinkimbi ifakwe ohlelweni "lwe-Afghanistan", oluvumela ukuba luvimbe amagobolondo. Isistimu eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yokwakhiwa kwamakhethini ensimbi-zenze kube lula ukuba "ukuphuphuthekisa" i-drones ne-mines elawulwa yomsakazo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwesignali yizinhlayiya ezikhulunywe ngazo. Lokhu, futhi, akulimazi izinsana nezisetshenziswa ezihambisana nemoto yokulwa.

I-T-14 ifakwe nesibhamu esinamandla, isimiso sayo esisekelwe ekubanjweni kweplanethi yokuzivikela ngokumelene ne-projectile endizayo. Kukholelwa ukuthi le ndlela yokubhuka nayo ikwazi ukubonisa isibhamu kusuka kusiqalisi se-anti-tank grenade.

Intuthuko yobuchwepheshe ayimi, izinhlobo ezintsha zezikhali ziyathuthukiswa nsuku zonke ema laboratories angasese. Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-Armata isetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza kuze kube ngu-2020. Futhi abahlezi ukuphazamisa "ukushaya" kwemishini emisha ngisho nasezimo zenkinga.

Kodwa yini ezoba yinto entsha, ekwazi ukudlula ama-T-14, ama-tank ahamba phambili ngempela? Isikhathi sizokutshela.