Amandla esisheshayo ngamandla. Izimali namandla esisheshayo

uhlelo kagesi edonsa amandla inani, okuyinto ihlukaniswe ewusizo, noma asebenzayo futhi asalile ngokuthi amandla esisheshayo. Iqiniso ukuthi nokuthi yenziwa ezimali, isihloko uzokutshela.

amandla asalayo: kuyini?

Zonke izimoto kagesi ethulwa izakhi esisheshayo futhi esebenzayo. Futhi kudla ugesi. Lezi zihlanganisa compounds esisheshayo izintambo, capacitors futhi transformer Windings.

Phakathi kwalezi impedances AC ngokobungako amabutho esisheshayo electromotive ukuthi ukhiqize zamanje esisheshayo.

Ngo ukufaka nemishini, odala kushintshana zamanje asetshenziswe ugesi namandla esisheshayo, okuyinto kwakha kazibuthe inkambu kagesi.

Umthelela reactance exhasa we kazibuthe ukudala

Wonke amadivayisi anikwe amandla yi-amapayipi, babe reactance exhasa. Kwaba sibonga kuye ukuthi wamanje kanye voltage izimpawu okuphambene. Ngokwesibonelo, lo voltage has uphawu ongathandeki, futhi wamanje - omuhle, noma okuphambene nalokho.

Ngalesi sikhathi, ugesi akhiqizwa element exhasa egciniwe, ukunyakaza vibrational kusekelwe inethiwekhi ngenxa umthwalo kusukela generator emuva futhi. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi amandla esisheshayo, okuyinto kwakha kazibuthe inkambu kagesi.

Kungani udinga amandla esisheshayo?

Singasho ukuthi kuhloswe izinguquko esimisweni somthetho ezibangela wamanje inethiwekhi. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Sekela kazibuthe ngesikhathi inductance yesifunda;
• ebukhoneni capacitors futhi izintambo ngaphandle kwenkokhiso ukwesekwa.

Izinkinga ekuthuthukisweni kwamandla esisheshayo

Uma inethiwekhi has a share enkulu isizukulwane kwamandla esisheshayo, kubalulekile ukuba:

• umthamo Amadivayisi amandla ezakhelwe ukuguqulela amandla kagesi lo voltage in ezahlukene voltage amagugu amandla kagesi;
• ukwandisa ikhebula kwesigaba;
• ukulwa ekuphumeni amandla ukulahlekelwa amadivayisi amandla zikagesi;
• ukwandisa imali ukusetshenziswa kukagesi;
• ukubhekana nokushonelwa supply voltage.

Uyini umehluko phakathi amandla asebenzayo futhi esisheshayo?

Abantu asetshenziselwa ukukhokhela ugesi bedla. Bona yokukhokhela amandla ukusetshenziselwa ukufudumeza, ukupheka, amanzi Ukushisa egumbini lokugezela (osebenzisa amasilinda ngabanye), kanye neminye amandla ewusizo kagesi. Ibizwa ngokuthi esebenzayo.

amandla asebenzayo futhi esisheshayo zihlukile kuleyo yesibili imelela ingxenye esele amandla okuyinto lisusiwe umsebenzi ewusizo. Ngamanye amazwi, bobabili akha amandla ngokuphelele. Ngakho, abathengi akuzona inzuzo ukukhokha ngaphezu amandla asebenzayo ngaphezulu futhi esisheshayo ngamandla, abahlinzeki kunenzuzo ukuthi kukhokhelwe zigcwele. Kungenzeka yini ukuba ngandlela-thile ixazulule le nkinga? Ake sibheke-ke.

I elinganisiwe energy ukusetshenziswa?

Ukukala amandla idliwe usebenzisa asebenzayo futhi esisheshayo imitha amandla. Zonke izinto zokubala zihlukaniswe owodwa esigabeni futhi izigaba ezintathu. Uyini umehluko?

Single phase amamitha asetshenziselwa ukusatshalaliswa kagesi amandla abathengi, abakwaziyo ukuyisebenzisa ukuze isetshenziswe ekhaya. Amandla esigabeni samanje wenziwa.

Ezintathu okhombisa amamitha asetshenziselwa ukuba alandise ngala amandla ngokuphelele. Basuke oluthathwa esekelwe wesifunda ugesi e amathathu- futhi ezine.

Ukuhlukanisa ngoba indlela zokuhlanganisa zokubala

Endleleni afakiwe, bahlukene ngezigaba ezintathu:

1. Ungayisebenzisi transformers futhi ngqo kufakwe ngqo ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi zokubala.
2. Ukusebenzisa amadivaysi amandla zihlanganisa zokubala polukosvennogo ukufakwa.
3. Ibali uxhumano engesobala. Basuke axhumene kunethiwekhi, hhayi kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwamadivaysi amandla zamanje, kodwa futhi nokusetshenziswa kwamandla transformers.

Ukuhlukanisa ngoba indlela izinto zokubala yokukhokha

Ngu indlela ukukhokhiswa amamitha kagesi zingahlukaniswa zibe amaqembu ezilandelayo:

1. Ibali, ngokusekelwe ukusetshenziswa yamanani amabili - kungani leso senzo sabo wukuthi izinga energy ukusetshenziswa kuyahlukahluka usuku lonke. Okungukuthi, ekuseni ntambama ke lincane kusihlwa.
2. Ibali kuqala - kungani leso senzo sabo kusekelwe yokuthi umthengi okhokhela ugesi kusengaphambili, njengoba itholakala ezindaweni ezicezile ukuhamba yokuhlala.
3. Ibali ekhombisa umthwalo esiphezulu - ikhasimende okhokhela ngokuhlukile amandla esephelile umthwalo esiphezulu.

Izimali amandla ngokugcwele

Izimali namandla ewusizo sibhekiswe yencazelo:

1. I energy kagesi eyenziwe imishini ukwenziwa voltage at sokuphehla amandla.
2. ubungako bamandla edliwe izidingo siqu ezincane futhi izitshalo amandla.
3. nezindleko Ugesi okuhloswe ngazo amakhasimende ayo.
4. Amandla adluliselwe kwezinye amandla izinhlelo.
5. amandla kagesi, okwakubekelwa agqoke komzila kwamandla kubathengi.

Cabanga esisheshayo amandla kagesi abathengi ukudluliselwa kwamandla kuphela edingekayo uma idatha zibalwa kanye nokusebenza ukulawula kudivayisi mode, uhlawula le energy.

Lapho kugadwa amandla asele?

Counter amandla esisheshayo isethi:

1. Kodwa lapho futhi zokubala ewusizo amandla ezimali. Setha ukuba abathengi, ngubani ukukhokhela zigcwele abawasebenzisayo.
2. On esisheshayo amandla uxhumano emithonjeni abathengi. Lokhu kwenziwa, uma lokhu kudingekile ukuze ulawule inqubo ukusebenza.

Uma umsebenzisi uvunyelwe ukuvumela amandla ezisele inethiwekhi, wayesezibeka 2 esiphikisayo cell uhlelo, lapho nesabelo ungamandla ewusizo. Kwezinye izimo, ukubeka esiphikisayo ehlukile ku-akhawunti ngoba amandla esisheshayo.

Indlela ukusindisa ku ukusetshenziswa kukagesi?

ethandwa kakhulu kule ndawo isebenzisa divayisi ukuze kulondolozwe ugesi. isenzo sayo sisekelwe nokucindezela ugesi asalile.

Kwimakethe ungathola eziningi zalezi amadivaysi, okuncike a transformer, eqondisa amandla endleleni efanele.

Idivayisi lokulondoloza ugesi eqondisa lokhu amandla ukuze ezihlukahlukene imishini yasendlini.

Ukusetshenziswa ngokuyikho kagesi

Ukuze ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo amandla isici ukulungiswa amandla isetshenziswa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa capacitor amabhange, izinjini kanye compensators.

Basiza ukunciphisa ukulahleka amandla asebenzayo, okuyinto zibangelwa udla izindwani kwamandla esisheshayo. Lokhu kakhulu kuthinta izinga zokuthutha ukulahlekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe yokusabalalisa ugesi amanethiwekhi.

I nenzuzo amandla isinxephezelo?

Ukusetshenziswa nezitshalo amandla isinxephezelo kungaletha izinzuzo kakhulu ngokuya kwezomnotho.

Ngokwezibalo, ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuletha ku-50% osindisa izindleko ukusetshenziswa energy kagesi kuzo zonke izingxenye Russian Federation.

ukutshalwa kwemali zisetshenziswa ukufakwa kwabo, recouped phakathi nonyaka wokuqala ukusetshenziswa.

Futhi, lapho afakwa idatha ukufakwa encane ethengiswa nge kwesigaba ezincane cross, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi kunenzuzo kakhulu.

Izinzuzo amayunithi ushintsha uba yileli

Ukusetshenziswa amayunithi ushintsha uba yileli unayo izici ezilandelayo ezinhle:

1. Ukulahlekelwa kancane amandla asebenzayo.
2. Amayunithi capacitor Awekho izingxenye ligijima.
3. Ziyakwazi kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi isebenze.
4. Investment izindleko akuzona eliphezulu.
5. Basebenza buthule.
6. Bona ingafakwa kuphi inethiwekhi kagesi.
7. Ungakhetha noma yimuphi umthamo oyifunayo.

Umehluko kusuka epholisayo ukufaka compensators kanye motors zokuvumelanisa wukuthi lemifanekiso-kulungiselelwa eyenziwa synchronously amandla isinxephezelo okwakheka futhi ngokwengxenye ekhona ihlawulelwa inethiwekhi Harmonics. On kanjani amandla kakhulu inxephezelwa, futhi kuzoncika izindleko zikagesi, futhi, ngokulandelana, kusukela leli zinga.

Yiziphi izinhlobo isinxephezelo khona?

Ngo ukusetshenziswa amayunithi ushintsha uba yileli kunalezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo kwamandla akhipha:

1. Ngamunye.
2. Iqembu.
3. Eyodwa.

Ake sicabangele ngayinye yalezi zinkulumo.

amandla ngabanye

amayunithi ushintsha uba yileli zitholakala endaweni bona abamukelayo kagesi futhi switched ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba benjalo.

I yokuntula yalolu hlobo isinxephezelo ubhekwa sincike esigcwele capacitor yasebhange kusukela kwasungulwa lesi abathengi amandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi odingekayo ukuze aqondise ukufakwa capacitance kagesi inductance owamukelayo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwanda resonant.

umthamo iqembu

Igama liyazikhulumela. Lokhu amandla isetshenziswa amandla isinxephezelo inductances eziningana, okuyinto abaxhumeke ukufakwa eyodwa switchgear nge capacitor ezivamile.

Phakathi ukulayisha kanyekanye kwandisa Coefficient inclusions, okuholela ukwehla kwamandla. Lokhu kunengxenye ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza capacitor ebhange. Amandla asalile is bebengaphuzile kahle kakhulu kunangesikhathi umthamo ngabanye.

Yini embi ngalo Le nqubo ukudedelwa olungaphelele amandla esisheshayo kugridi amandla.

amandla eyodwa

Ngokungafani amandla ngabanye kanye neqembu, lo mbuso adjustable. Isetshenziselwa anhlobonhlobo ukushintshashintsha asalile energy ukusetshenziswa.

A indima enkulu ukulawulwa edingekayo amandla capacitor kudlala indima esisheshayo umsinga umthwalo. Kulokhu, ukufakwa kufanele ifakwe ukuzilawula ngokuzenzekelayo, futhi isinxephezelo kwamandla aso agcwele sehlukaniswe esiteji eceleni switchable.

Yiziphi izinkinga isixazululekile capacitor amabhange

Yiqiniso, okokuqala kunakho konke ukuthi ahloselwe abacindezela amandla esisheshayo, kodwa ukusiza ukukhiqizwa imisebenzi elandelayo:

1. Ngo inqubo abacindezela amandla esisheshayo, ngokulandelana, namandla Imininingwane kuyehla, okuholela ukwehla kwamandla umthwalo transformers.
2. Layisha Amandla inikezwe nge ikhebula nge kwesigaba ezincane esiphambanweni, lapho kungekho okweqile ukwahlukanisa.
3. Ungaxhuma i amandla asebenzayo ezengeziwe.
4. It ivumela ukugwema undervoltage ejulile at imigqa supply abasebenzisi akude.
5. Isicelo ezizimele amandla udizili ugesi kuziwa esiphezulu (izinhlelo shipboard kagesi, amandla amaqembu Geological, zokwakha, kanye ukuhlola imishini yokumba r. D.).
6. isinxephezelo ngamunye lula ukusebenza kwe lokungeniswa izinjini.
7. Esimeni kweyunithi eziphuthumayo epholisayo sivaliwe ngokushesha.
8. yasebenza ukushisa noma ukupholisa ukufaka ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukeneyo amayunithi ushintsha uba yileli. Lokhu Modular, elisetshenziswa amabhizinisi ezinkulu, futhi zahlanganiswa - amabhizinisi amancane.

Kufinyeta

amandla esisheshayo emandleni kubathinta kabi ukusebenza lonke isimiso sikagesi. Lokhu kuholela nemiphumela ezifana nokulahlekelwa voltage in inethiwekhi bese ukhulisa nophethiloli nezindleko.

Kule ndaba, ngenkuthalo wasebenzisa leli amandla compensators. Inzuzo yabo akuyona nje enhle izindleko imali, kodwa futhi lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Nweba impilo Amadivayisi amandla.
2. Ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi kagesi.
3. Ukonga imali ukuze ithenge ingxenye encane ikhebula.
4. ukusetshenziswa Unciphise amandla kagesi.