Amahlule Igazi emaphashini. embolism yamaphaphu: izimbangela, izimpawu, imiphumela, ukwelashwa

isifo esisongela ukuphila kuyinto embolism yamaphaphu (PE). Sikhuluma mayelana kwakhiwa amahlule. Phakathi kwazo zonke pathologies ka embolism yamaphaphu ikhishwe izibalo ziyethusa. amahlule Igazi emaphashini bayakwazi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukuvimba Umthambo. Ngeshwa, kaningi liyabulala. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yazo zonke iziguli ngokufa okuzumayo kwenzeka ngenxa ukuvaleka Umthambo yamaphaphu ngu ihlule legazi.

Izimpawu zesifo

PE akusona isifo ezimele. Njengoba leli gama lisikisela, lokhu kuwumphumela thrombosis.

Igazi ihlule, ebheka phezulu endaweni yakhe wezemfundo, baqhubeka ngokusebenzisa uhlelo igazi. Ngokuvamile, amahlule igazi zenzeka wemikhawulo aphansi. Ngezinye izikhathi zendawo senhlitiyo. A ihlule legazi sidlula ilungelo ATRIUM, i-ventricle futhi zibe yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini. Enaka elilodwa umzimba umusi Umthambo ngegazi emithambo yegazi - wamaphaphu.

Okuhambayo ihlule ibizwa ngokuthi i embolus. Yena odlula emaphashini. Lena inqubo iyingozi kakhulu. A ihlule legazi emaphashini singazelele ukuvimba amagatsha Umthambo. Lezi zitsha maningi inombolo. Nokho, ubukhulu babo incipha. Kwake kwathi ngo-isitsha okuyothi ngalo ihlule legazi lwadlulela, ke amabhlogo ukugeleza kwegazi. Yilokho kaningi esiholela ekufeni.

Uma isiguli waphula ihlule legazi e iphaphu, imiphumela incike kulokho Kwatholakala ukuthi isitsha ivimbekile. Embolus kuphazamisa liningi igazi evamile ezicutshini futhi kungenzeka negesi lokushintshisana ezingeni emagatsheni amancane, noma imithambo ezinkulu. Sengathi isiguli hypoxia.

Kobukhulu isifo

amahlule Igazi kule wamaphaphu umphumela yezinkinga zokugula emzimbeni ngemva kokubeletha kanye namasistimu okusebenza izimo. Nokufa kusukela lesi sifo eliphezulu kakhulu. Kuyinto 3 ehola imbangela yokufa kwalo, owesibili ngobukhulu ngemva kwakhe izifo senhliziyo nomdlavuza.

Namuhla PE ithuthukiswe ikakhulu zangokwasemuva zezinhlelo lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• zokugula ezinzima;
• ukuhlinzwa kulokulukhuni
• ukulimala.

Lesi sifo libhekene ezinzima, izimpawu ezinhlobonhlobo disparate, kufushane uphethwe, ingozi eliphezulu yokufa. Izibalo zibonisa, ngesisekelo kwesidumbu luhlolo, amahlule igazi emaphashini ezingafakwanga esifike ngesikhathi kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini cishe 50-80% labantu wafa ngenxa embolism yamaphaphu.

Lesi sifo kwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu. Yingakho kubalulekile ngokushesha nangokunembile ukuxilonga kwezinso. Kanye ukwelashwa okufanelekile engasindisa izimpilo zabantu.

Uma kwakukhona ngesikhathi esifanele Kutholwe ihlule legazi iphaphu, iphesenti sokusinda luyanda kakhulu. Inani lokuhlongakala hlangana iziguli abathola ukwelashwa ezidingekayo, imayelana 10%. Ngaphandle ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa ezanele, ifinyelela 40-50%.

Izimbangela zesifo

A ihlule legazi emaphashini, isithombe esemgwaqweni lesi sihloko kuwumphumela:

• deep vein thrombosis wemikhawulo aphansi;
• kumiswa ihlule legazi kunoma yisiphi isici ohlelweni emithambo yegazi.

Kakhulu kangakanani ngokuvamile, lokhu zokugula kungenziwa isebenze ngemithambo we peritoneum, noma emikhawulweni engenhla.

Izinto ezibangela, okusikisela ukuthuthukiswa embolism yamaphaphu lesiguli 3 isimo nokucupha. Zibizwa ngokuthi "uziqu-zintathu of Virchow." Lezi zinto zibandakanya:

1. Encishisiwe ukugeleza kwegazi Isivinini ohlelweni emithambo yegazi. Yokujama tsi izitsha. Slow ukugeleza kwegazi.
2. I anda propensity kuya thrombosis. igazi Gipersvertyvaemost.
3. Ukulimala namkha kulimaze odongeni emithambo yegazi.

Ngakho, kunezimo ezithile okuchukuluza la maqiniso angenhla, okuyinto ibanjiwe ngenxa ihlule e yamaphaphu. Izizathu kungafihlwa ngaphansi kwalezi zimo ezilandelayo.

Ngu ingasheshi ka emithambo yegazi ukugeleza kwegazi kungaholela ekutheni:

• uhambo olude, ukuthatha uhambo, ngenxa okuyinto umuntu has isikhathi eside ukuba ahlale indiza, imoto, isitimela;
• esibhedlela lapho kudingeka embhedeni ukuphumula isikhathi eside.

Ngokuxhumana kwegazi gipersvertyvaemosti kungabangela:

• ukubhema;
• ukusetshenziswa zokuvimbela inzalo amaphilisi, i-estrogen,
• yofuzo;
• Oncology;
• polycythemia - inqwaba amangqamuzana abomvu egazi;
• ukuhlinzwa;
• sokukhulelwa.

Ngokwezinga emithambo yegazi odongeni ukulimala phambili:

• deep vein thrombosis;
• ukulimala emlenzeni yasekhaya;
• ukuhlinzwa yezingalo nemilenze aphansi.

engcupheni

Odokotela kukhona ungalokothi uphuze zinto ezilandelayo lapho esiphezulu igazi ihlule ngokuvamile atholakala emaphashini. Imiphumela isifo iyingozi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba banake impilo labo bantu eziye sabona izici kushiwo ngezansi:

• wanciphisa ukuhileleka ngokomzimba;
• yobudala eyevile kwengu-50;
• zokugula oncologic;
• ukuhlinzwa;
• ukumelwa inhliziyo, esivimba amanzi;
• ukulimala kuhlasimulise;
• varicose emithanjeni;
• ukusebenzisa izinto zokuvimbela inzalo hormone;
• yezinkinga eziphathelene nokubeletha;
• erythremia;
• ukhuluphele;
• isifo esidluliselwa ngofuzo;
• omzimba izicubu erythematosus.

Ngezinye izikhathi kungase ihlonzwe amahlule emaphashini abesifazane ngemva kokubeletha, ikakhulukazi esindayo. Njengomthetho, isimo esinjalo landulelwa kumiswa ihlule ethangeni noma inkonyane. Wenza ngokwakho wezwa ubuhlungu, imfiva, ububomvu noma ukuvuvukala. Mayelana nalesi sifo kufanele kubikwe kudokotela ngokushesha, ukuze singathwesi babhebhethekise inqubo isifo.

Izimpawu sici

Ukuze ukuxilonga ihlule legazi emaphashini, izimpawu isifo kumele kube sobala. Kufanele uqaphele kakhulu nge ukuthuthukiswa kungenzeka yalesi sifo. Ngeshwa, lesi sithombe basemtholampilo embolism yamaphaphu wehlukile ngempela. Okunqumayo kobukhulu zokugula, izinga yentuthuko kanye noshintsho izimpawu yamaphaphu lesi sifo ecashile cuphuluza lokhu inkinga.

Uma kukhona ihlule legazi emaphashini, izimpawu (uhlolwa) e isiguli esilandelayo:

1. Ukuphelelwa ngumoya, kungazelelwe ngaphandle kwesizathu.
2. Kukhona ukwanda kwenhliziyo (ngamunye ngomzuzu imivimbo ezingaphezu kuka-100).
3. Isikhumba esiphaphathekile nge isici grey tint.
4. Ubuhlungu, okwenzeka ezingxenyeni ezahlukene sternum.
5. Ukuphazamiseka wamathumbu motility.
6. Cijela hyperemia entanyeni emithanjeni le plexus elanga, waphawula ezinkulu zabo, okusizwa ukushaya ebonakalayo le-aorta.
7. peritoneum Ecasulwe - udonga sishubile ngokwanele, kukhona ubuhlungu umuzwa isisu.
8. Inhliziyo ikhononda.
9. nengcindezi enamandla kuyehla.

Iziguli bathole ihlule legazi iphaphu, izimpawu ngenhla abakhona ngempela. Nokho, akekho noyedwa lezi zimpawu awahlobene ethize.

Ngaphezu izici ezibalulekile, uthi ezilandelayo zingasiza ukuthuthukisa:

• umkhuhlane;
• ukukhwehlela igazi;
• yokufikelwa;
• ubuhlungu sternum;
• ukuhlanza;
• umsebenzi kokuwa;
• uketshezi sternum;
• ikhoma.

Inkambo sifo

Kusukela zokugula kubhekisela esenzakalweni esiyisimangaliso izifo eziyingozi kakhulu, hhayi ngaphandle ukufa, kumele kubhekwe kabanzi ezivukayo izimpawu.

Ekuqaleni, isiguli eba iphika. nesenzakalo zalo kwandulelwe izimpawu. Izizathu ukubonakaliswa izimpawu ukukhathazeka bengekho nhlobo. Ukuphelelwa ngumoya liyavela exhale. It libhekene umsindo onokuthula, kulandelwa umthunzi sengiprofethile. Nokho, kuvame ukuba kube khona.

Ngaphandle kwayo, PE kuhambisana kwenhliziyo. Tapped kwaphezulu amabhithi 100 ngomzuzu.

Ngakusasa isici esibaluleke ukwehla elibukhali blood pressure. I degree of ukuncishiswa lokhu Inkomba inhlukanozigaba kobukhulu sifo. I ephansi kwengcindezi amathonsi, izilonda ezimbi nakakhulu sokucasuka PE.

Ubuhlungu incike ngobucayi isifo, kanye nenani obonakele iziyaluyalu semithambo ezingeni ezenzeka emzimbeni:

1. Ubuhlungu ngemuva breastbone, okuyinto has a ebukhali, uhlamvu discontinuous. Lokhu ukungakhululeki libhekene Umthambo ukuvaleka. Imiphumela ubuhlungu kusuka ezinzwa kokucindezelwa odongeni isitsha.
2. ukungakhululeki Stenokardicheskie. Ubuhlungu is ukugxisha uhlamvu. Akhiwe esifundeni inhliziyo. Ngokuvamile unika isiphanga, ingalo.
3. ukungakhululeki Buhlungu lonke sternum. Lokhu zokugula kungaba elichaza inkinga - infarction yamaphaphu. Ukungakhululeki kuxhomeke kakhulu lapho noma iyiphi inhlangano - ukudonsa umoya, ukukhwehlela, sneezing.
4. Ubuhlungu ngaphansi izimbambo ngakwesokudla. Okuningi ukungakhululeki esingaphansi singenzeka endaweni isibindi, uma isiguli amahlule emaphashini.

enganele ukugeleza kwegazi ebonwe bomkhumbi. Kungaba ukuyithukuthelisa nesineke:

• hiccups buhlungu;
• ukungezwani odongeni kwamathumbu;
• paresis emathunjini;
• bulging we emithanjeni emikhulu entanyeni nasemilenzeni.

Ebusweni isikhumba iba umbala okhanyayo. Ngokuvamile ukuthuthukisa tide ashy noma mpunga. Ngemva kwalokho, mhlawumbe ngokujoyina izindebe okwesibhakabhaka. Isici yokugcina uphakamisa embolism okukhulu.

Ngezinye izikhathi isiguli ungezwa isici inhliziyo nokububula, arrhythmia kutholwa. Endabeni yamaphaphu infarction may hemoptysis, kuhlangene ubuhlungu obuhlabayo esifubeni, futhi izinga lokushisa sezingeni eliphezulu. Komzimba kungenzeka kwaphela izinsuku eziningana futhi ngezinye izikhathi isonto nohhafu.

In iziguli okungekho thrombus emaphashini, kungabonakala nasemkhakheni ukwephula ubuchopho kwegazi. Lezi ziguli kaningi samanje:

• yokufikelwa;
• Ukudlikizela;
• isiyezi;
• ikhoma;
• hiccups.

Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu ezichazwa angajoyina izimpawu ukwehluleka kwezinso, ifomu oyingozi.

yezinkinga embolism yamaphaphu

Lena pathologies esiyingozi ngokwedlulele lapho yenziwe yaba yasendaweni igazi ihlule emaphashini. Imiphumela umzimba kungenziwa nhlobonhlobo. Ithola Yiqiniso yezinkinga lesi sifo, ikhwalithi nobude besikhathi sokuphila isiguli.

Imiphumela eyinhloko PE yilezi:

1. Nesifo aphakeme ingcindezi izitsha yamaphaphu.
2. infarction yamaphaphu.
3. embolism nakuba e izitsha isiyingi esikhulu.

Nokho, akubona bonke ngakho sad, uma efike ngesikhathi kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini amahlule emaphashini. Isibikezelo njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, ke sisihle, uma isiguli uzothola ukwelashwa okufanelekile. Kulokhu, ithuba kuphezulu ukunciphisa ingozi nemiphumela ebuhlungu.

Ngezansi kukhona izifo eziyinhloko ukuthi odokotela okwatholakala ngenxa yezinkinga embolism yamaphaphu:

• pleurisy;
• infarction yamaphaphu;
• i-pneumonia,
• empyema;
• wamaphaphu ithumba;
• ukwehluleka kwezinso;
• pneumothorax.

yansukuzonke embolism yamaphaphu

Lokhu zokugula uyakwazi siphindwe iziguli izikhathi eziningana kukho konke ukuphila. Kulokhu, it is a uhlobo thromboembolism yansukuzonke. Cishe ayi-10-30% eziguli emva eyodwa isifo ezinjalo, uthambekela iziqephu yansukuzonke ye embolism yamaphaphu. Esinye isiguli esingumuntu kungenzeka eziningi ukuhlaselwa ezahlukene. Ngokwesilinganiso, inombolo yabo kuhluka 2 kuya ku-20 Abaningi bafudukela zokugula iziqephu limelela ukuvaleka amagatsha amancane. Kamuva lo zokugula kuholela Umthambo embolization ezinkulu. It akha embolism kakhulu emaphashini.

Izimbangela amafomu yansukuzonke kungaba:

• izifo kwemigudu yokuphefumula kanye izinhlelo zenhliziyo;
• izifo oncologic;
• kokungenela kuhlinzwa endaweni besisu.

Leli fomu ayinakho izimpawu ezicacile emtholampilo. It libhekene anyakaza phezu. Kahle ukuxilonga lokhu yinto enzima kakhulu. Ngokuvamile izimpawu engavezwanga ngamazwi aphanjaniswe izimpawu ezinye izifo.

Phindaphinda embolism yamaphaphu singenzeka kwale mibandela elandelayo:

• inyumoniya ophikelelayo, iphutha ngaphandle kwesizathu;
• yokufikelwa;
• pleurisy ezenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa;
• somoya;
• nciphisa zenhliziyo;
• iphika;
• kwenhliziyo;
• imfiva, alubuqedi izidakamizwa elwa namagciwane;
• ukumelwa inhliziyo, isifo esingelapheki ngokungabi bikho wamaphaphu noma inhliziyo.

Lesi sifo kungaholela nezinkinga ezilandelayo:

• emphysema ;
• yamaphaphu cystic - wamaphaphu izicubu esikhundleni zezinzwa;
• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
• nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yamaphaphu.

Phindaphinda embolism yamaphaphu kuyingozi ngoba iyiphi isiqephu okwalandela kungaphumela ekufeni.

sitholakele isifo

Izimpawu ngenhla, njengoba sekushiwo, akuyona ethize. Ngakho-ke, ngokusekelwe lezizibonakaliso ayikwazi sitholakale. Nokho, lapho pate ngempela ukwethula isici uphawu 4:

• iphika;
• tachycardia - kwenhliziyo;
• ubuhlungu besifuba;
• iphika.

Uma isiguli akutholakalanga phawu lokusetshenziswa ezine ke akanasabelo thromboembolism.

Kodwa hhayi konke lula kangaka. zokugula uphethwe kunzima kakhulu. Ukuze esolwa PE kufanele sihlaziye kungenzeka ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, nodokotela ekuqaleni kuqhakambisa kungenzeka engcupheni: khona ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, thrombosis, ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba kutholakale imbangela yokushona sifo, endaweni kusukela lapho ihlule ezingena emaphashini.

survey okugunyaziwe for the ukuthola nobe kushiya ngaphandle embolism yamaphaphu yilezi ezilandelayo izifundo:

1. ECG. indlela kakhulu ulwazi ukuxilongwa. Electrocardiogram kunikeza umbono walokho degree of isifo zaba namandla kakhulu. Uma sihlanganise ngalolu lwazi umlando sifo, embolism yamaphaphu ukuthi nginesifo ngokunemba high.
2. -X-ray. Lolu cwaningo ukwenziwa PE uphethwe uninformative. Nokho, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa yilesi sifo nezinye pathologies eziningi ube nezimpawu ezifanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo- pneumonia lobar, pleurisy, pneumothorax, isifo sokuvuvukala kwemithambo yomthambo i-aorta, pericarditis.
3. Echocardiography. Lolu cwaningo wembula indawo eqondile we thrombus, ifomu, usayizi, ivolumu.
4. Lung scintigraphy. Le ndlela kunikeza udokotela 'isithombe' izitsha yamaphaphu. Yena ngokucacile indawo siyabhubha kwegazi. Kodwa ukuthola indawo lapho yenziwe yaba yasendaweni amahlule emaphashini, akunakwenzeka. Lolu cwaningo inenani eliphezulu zokuxilonga kuphela uma zokugula ezinkulu semithambo. Thola izinkinga emagatsheni amancane ngosizo le ndlela engenakwenzeka.
5. Ultrasonography umlenze emithanjeni.

Uma kudingekile, isiguli angabelwa ukuba izindlela ezengeziwe zocwaningo.

usizo oluphuthumayo

Khumbula, uma uza ukuvala ihlule legazi emaphashini, izimpawu isiguli angagcina ngejubane umbani. Futhi ngokushesha nje ziholele ekufeni. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ubufakazi embolism yamaphaphu kumele inikezwe isiguli uphumule futhi ngokushesha uyobiza nezenhliziyo "ambulensi." Isiguli is ungeniswe labagula.

Usizo oluphuthumayo lusekelwe emisebenzini elandelayo:

1. I-catheterization ephuthumayo ye-vein central kanye nokufakwa kwesidakamizwa esithi "Reopoliglyukin" noma ingxube ye-glucose-novocaine.
2. Injectedous injection yezidakamizwa: "Heparin", "Dalteparin", "Enoxaparin".
3. Umphumela wobuhlungu uqedwa yi-analgesics yama-narcotic, njenge-Promedol, i-Fentanyl, i-Morin, iLexir, i-Droperidol.
4. Oxygenotherapy.
5. Isiguli sinikwe thrombolytics: Streptokinase, Urokinase.
6. Ezimweni ze-arrhythmia, izidakamizwa ezilandelayo ziyanezelwa: "I-Magnesium sulphate", "Digoxin", "ATP", "Ramipril", "Panangin".
7. Uma isiguli sesabela ngendlela eshaqisayo, inikwe i- "Prednisolone" noma "Hydrocortisone", kanye nama-antispasmodics: "Awu-shpu", "Eufillin", "Papaverin."

Izindlela zokubhekana ne-PE

Izinyathelo zokuvuselela zingabuyisa igazi emaphashini, zivimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwesisu segulane, futhi zivikele ekubunjweni kwegazi lomfutho wegazi.

Nokho, emva kokuhlinzeka usizo lokuqala, isiguli sidinga ukuqhubeka nokwelapha. Impi yokulwa ne-pathology ihloselwe ukuvimbela ukubuyela emuva kwesifo, ukuguqulwa okuphelele kwe-clot yegazi.

Kuze kube manje, kunezindlela ezimbili zokuqeda i-thrombi emaphashini. Izindlela zokwelapha izifo zilandelayo:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-thrombolytic;
• Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-thrombolytic

Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kusekelwe kulowo mithi njengoba:

• "Heparin";
• "Streptokinase";
• Fraksiparin;
• Umculi we-plasminogen we-tishu;
• "Urokinase."

Imithi enjalo ikuvumela ukuba uchithe i-thrombi futhi uvimbele ukwakheka kwamakhebhu amasha.

Isidakamizwa esithi "Heparin" sinikezwa isiguli ngokugcwele ngezinsuku ezingu-7-10. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qapha ngokucophelela i-blood coagulability. Izinsuku ezingu-3-7 ngaphambi kokuphela kokwelashwa, isiguli sinqunywe esinye sezidakamizwa ezilandelayo kwifomu lethebhulethi:

• I-Warfarin;
• "Thrombostop";
• "I-Cardiomagnet";
• "Trombo ACC".

Ukulawulwa kwegazi coagulability kuyaqhubeka. Ukudla kwamaphilisi anqunyiwe kuqhubeka (emva kwe-PE edluliselwe) cishe unyaka owodwa.

Imithi "Urokinase", "Streptokinase" ilawulwa ngezikhathi zonke emini. Ukuphathwa okunjalo kuphindaphindiwe kanye ngenyanga. I-activator ye-tissue ye-plasminogen nayo isetshenziselwa ngaphakathi. Umthamo owodwa kufanele unikezwe amahora amaningana.

Ukwelashwa kwe-thrombolytic akukwenziwa ngemuva kokungenelela kokuhlinzwa. Futhi, kuvinjelwe uma kwenzeka i-pathologies engaba nzima ngokuphuma kwegazi. Isibonelo, isilonda se-peptic. Ngoba izidakamizwa ze-thrombolytic zingandisa ingozi yokuphuma kwamanzi.

Ukwelapha okuhlinzwa

Lo mbuzo uphakanyiswa kuphela uma indawo enkulu ishintshiwe. Kulesi simo, kuyadingeka ukususa ngokushesha i-thrombus emaphandleni. Ukwelashwa Kunconywa kanje. I-thrombus ekhethekile isusiwe emkhunjini. Lo msebenzi uvumela ukuqeda ngokuphelele isithiyo endleleni yokugeleza kwegazi.

Ukungenelela okunqunyiwe okuhlinzekwayo kwenziwa uma amagatsha amakhulu noma i-trory yamathambo evinjelwe. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi cishe yonke indawo yamaphaphu.

Ukuvimbela ukuvutha kwamapulmoni

Izifo ze-thromboembolism zivame ukuziphindaphinda. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa mayelana nezinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuvimbela ezingakuvikela ekuthuthukiseni okuphindaphindiwe kwe-pathology eqinile neyingozi.

Izinyathelo ezinjalo zibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa le nqubo yokugula. Lesi sigaba sibandakanya abantu:

• Uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala;
• Uhlushwa isifo noma isifo senhliziyo;
• Ukuqapha ngokweqile;
• I-anamnesis yayo iqukethe isiqephu se-thrombosis ejulile ye-vein noma i-PE;
• Ukusebenza kwangemva kokusebenza esifubeni, imilenze, izitho zomzimba, isisu.

Ukuvimbela kuhlanganisa imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu:

1. I-ultrasound yemithanjeni yemilenze.
2. Ukufaka njalo ngaphansi kwamalungiselelo esikhumba "I-Heparin", "Fraksiparin" noma umjovo emgodleni wezidakamizwa "I-Reopoliglyukin."
3. Ukusebenzisa amabhandeshi aqinile ezinyaweni zakho.
4. Ukucindezelwa kwemivimbo ye-crural ne-cuffs ekhethekile.
5. Ukuhambisa imivimbo emikhulu.
6. Ukufakelwa kwezihlungi ze-cava.

Indlela yokugcina iyi-prophylaxis enhle kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni i-thromboembolism. Namuhla, kuye kwaqalwa izihlungi ezihlukahlukene ze-cava:

• "Mobin-Uddina";
• "I-tulip ye-Gunther";
• "Greenfield";
• "Isikhwama sesikhwama".

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, khumbula ukuthi inqubo enzima kunzima kakhulu ukusungula. Isihlungi se-cava esingenakwenzeka nje kuphela asikona ukuvikela okuthembekile, kodwa kungaholela engozini yokwanda kwe-thrombosis nokuthuthukiswa okulandelayo kwe-PE. Ngakho-ke, lo msebenzi kufanele wenziwe kuphela esikhungweni sezokwelapha kahle, kuphela ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe.