Amabutho Car Russia

Car amasosha Russian (olusemthethweni isifinyezo AB Russian Armed Forces) kuyinto i association of Armed Forces. Ahloselwe ukuthuthwa izisebenzi, ukuhanjiswa kokudla, uphethiloli, izinhlamvu kanye nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo, yiziphi adingekayo ukuze ukuziphatha impi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imoto esetshenziswa ibutho kuhlengwe abalimele, abagulayo, kanye nobuchwepheshe. nabo baphathe abanye amayunithi ukuthi akudingeki ezokuthutha yakho.

amabutho Russian akhiwe zokwakheka imoto, amayunithi, izikhungo kanye nokuphathwa. Kungenzeka ingxenye ehlangene izingalo amayunithi kanye nezinhlaka nemvelo, webutho lezempi, amabutho ahlomile noma amayunithi ehlukile futhi yezimoto.

Umlando motor amabutho: i tsarist Russia

Ithimba umgwaqo wokuqala Russian ibutho imperial wabonakala ngo-1906. Kwakumelwe ingxenye kwezinhloko zamaviyo zobunjiniyela. Yibo labo babe sibonelo we avtobata yesimanje. Ngemva kweminyaka emine, ngo-May 29, 1910, e-St Petersburg, ukuqeqeshwa avtorota lokuqala yadalwa. Namuhla, lolu suku lugujwa njengoba Day amabutho ezinezinjini. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa wadala imoto ehhovisi Division of Military nokuxhumana we Main Directorate of the Jikelele Abasebenzi. I avtoroty kuqala njalo uvele entwasahlobo ka-1911, bese kuba imoto yokuqala umjaho iloli ezokuthutha elalihlelwe ngayo, kwabe sekuhlelwa ukuba zamukele. Ngonyaka olandelayo, izimoto ihlolwe.

IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala

Ngaphambi kwempi, ngo-1914, ibutho Russian olunezinombolo avtorot ezinhlanu, ayehlome 418 lalinabashumayeli wezimpahla 259 nezimoto ezithwala. Naphezu izinombolo zabo ezincane, kanye ngemgwaco ezinjengendle nendima enkulu enkundleni kule mpi. Ngenxa yalokho amabutho imoto bakwazi uzibonakalise ukubaluleka kwabo. Zazisetshenziswa for ukulethwa wezimpahla lempi, izisebenzi, awahlatywayo ngasihlandlo kanye ezihambayo izibhamu kanye wezikhali amaphuzu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izimoto waqala yokugqoka izembatho zempi. Ngakho-ke sengathi izimoto zokuqala zempi. Ibutho Russian kwakukhona amayunithi 400, bona sebehlala broneotryadov 50 owalwela ngempumelelo nempi. Ngu ekuqaleni Okthoba Revolution wezempi, kwakukhona amayunithi angaba yizinkulungwane eziyishumi izimoto, okuyinto eyabangela 22 avtoroty.

nenkathi yamaSoviet: Yombango

Motor-imoto kabanzi phakathi kulwiwa. Ngakho, ngo-August 1918 lapho uMkhandlu wase-Yabantu Commissars lathatha isinqumo ekhethekile, lapho kwesigamu izimoto zazinikezwa izikhulu zempi. Ekupheleni konyaka iRed Army lalinabashumayeli izimoto zenkulungwane ezine, lokuthi ngo-1920 - eyisikhombisa nengxenye ayizinkulungwane. Nye of them were amaqembu endleleni, kuyilapho abanye bayiswa kwezinhloko zamaviyo. Libuyisele imikhumbi iphutha Trophies ngenxa. Injongo eyinhloko yale ingalo ukuthi ahambise izimpahla olude futhi ukudlulisa okusheshayo izisebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile ezimotweni ukukhwezwa izikhali - izibhamu izibhamu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imoto yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo enelanga, kanye nabasebenzi ukuze radio yezokuxhumana.

IRed Army: ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe II

Ngemva kokuphela nempi iRed Army iyaqala ubuyekeza izimoto bakhathale. Eyokuqala imoto yasekhaya, okuyinto waya emasosheni - iloli Amo F-15. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izinhlamvu ziqala ukwakheka Battalion yokufunda motor (sakhiwa izinkampani ezinhlanu) esifundeni ngasinye lempi. Ngo-1933 yena wadala amazulu umzimba lokuqala mechanical, okuyinto eyaba uxhumano emhlabeni wokuqala mobile, zonke izikhali kanye nemishini eyayintula traction lokukhanda. Ngokusho isimo phezu izimoto ezingamakhulu amabili aye kuwo. Futhi ngo-1936, njengengxenye iRed Army kakade ezine umzimba okunjalo sesakhiwe.

Industrial revolution

Ngokushesha kule abasha likahulumeni waseSoviet labetibambile kwezimboni, phakathi kwezinye izinto, eyakhiwa kabusha ubudala futhi eyakhelwe amafactory imoto. Ngemva kokubuyekeza futhi base lobuchwepheshe Amo futhi ukuqanjwa kabusha yayo Plant. Stalin, uveza amathathu amaloli ZIS-5. Ngesikhathi esifanayo entsha Gorky isitshalo iqala ukukhiqizwa polutorok edume Gaz-AA. Ngenxa yalokho imoto amabutho ifakwe zesimanje ezenza, ngetulu kwekwenta ncono ukuphathwa kwabo isevisi. Babeqale subordinated kwisiKhulu Military Engineering Management ngo-1924 GVIU iguqulwe ibe ukuphathwa lempi lobuchwepheshe ukunikezela iRed Army, futhi ngo-1929 wadala Office of motorization kanye nokukhanda ngesikhathi Yabantu Commissariat Wezokuvikela. Ngo-1935 kukhona omunye kabusha Umm Armored Directorate, kwathi ngo-1939 - Main Armored Directorate.

IMpi Enkulu Patriotic

A esigabeni esisha ekuthuthukisweni amabutho imoto baba ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. ushintsho ngokushesha imvelo ukusebenza, nemkhawulo elikhulayo impi zazakhiwe ngendlela eyayenza kudingeke ukuze uthumele ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka semali kwemathiriyali kanye nabasebenzi yempi. Konke lokhu kwakudinga yokwanda kwenani amabutho ngemoto ifomu neliphelele kunalelo yenhlangano. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-July 1941, wadala Road Administration, okuyinto ilawulwe ezingemuva iRed Army. ukwehlukana okunjalo zidalwe neminyango kuzo zonke izimpi. Isibalo izimoto kule iRed Army kule nkathi zaba amayunithi 272.600. Babusekelwe babe izimoto Gaz-61 Gaz-M1, kanye amaloli nezimoto ekhethekile esekelwe Gaz-AA kanye Gaz-AAA Gaz-MM, ZIS-6 futhi ZIS-5. Ezinyangeni zokuqala we impi imoto amabutho alimala ezadala umonakalo ngo izisebenzi, futhi ingxenye impahla. Ezinye zalezi ukulahlekelwa abangu kulinganiswe yekwatisa imishini kusuka imikhakha yezomnotho, futhi enye ingxenye - ngenxa ukukhiqizwa entsha, kodwa ngenxa yokuvinjezelwa zokukhiqiza wezwe ingqikithi izindawo tetimboni ongaphakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yokufuna futhi eziqhelelene iphutha ngenxa imishini supply abavela kwamanye amazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndebe iye kabanzi motor-imoto (esikhathini kusuka ngo-1942 kuya 1943 iRed Army ethumba izimoto ezinye 123,000). Konke lokhu ukuvumele ukwandisa kungenzeka imisebenzi yezempi. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuphela ezempi wezempi, kwakukhona abangaphezu kuka-664 kwezigidi ezingu izimoto, lapho amaphesenti angu-33 kwakungu-imishini, utsheleke-ukuqasha, futhi amaphesenti angu-10 - the indondo. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, amashumi ezinkulungwane fighters avtobata kwanikezelwa imiklomelo isimo, futhi abaningi - isihloko Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

ngemva kwempi

Ngemva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II lesi siqhingi saba umbuzo kuhlomisa ibutho ezine-wheel drive amaloli, kuhlanganise injongo amabhizinisi akhethekile. Kule ndaba, kusukela ngasekupheleni forties umkhakha lamaSoviet laqala esikhiqiza izimoto zempi, eyayintula ezinamasondo platform 6x6 ZIS-151. Ngo-1953, emigqeni ukukhiqizwa simila Likhachev hamba Zil-157 yokuqala futhi Zil-164, futhi lesi sitshalo Gorky iqala ukukhiqizwa Gaz-53. Phakathi sixties - yoma zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili, umsebenzi ku kuhlomisa ibutho ukubhekana nezingozi ezintsha ubunjiniyela yezimoto. Ngakho, njengembuyiselo yenkonzo ufika UAZ-469, Ural 375, GAS-66, Zil-131. Ngo-1975, iSoviet ibutho inkonzo imoto wadala, okuyinto in parlance common cishe ngokushesha ebizwa nge "avtobat". Ngawo lowo nyaka amabutho wathola abameleli lokuqala Kama Automobile Plant - Indawo KAMAZ-5310.

impi Afghan

Ekuqaleni wezempi ukungqubuzana ezokuthutha kwemathiriyali emasosheni ibutho wamashumi amane wenza nantathu motor Ibutho. Ngakho, ukulethwa ngomgwaqo amakholomu, ezazihlanganisa amaloli flatbed (kufika ku amayunithi amahlanu), futhi izimoto yesondlo (amayunithi abafinyelela kwabayishumi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhlanganisa futhi amafriji. Le nhlangano yenkolo yokulwela Kwenziwa ngamahora asemini kuphela. amakholomu yabalindi BMP, BTR futhi ZSU. Phakathi imisebenzi yezempi ku Afghanistan avtobatom uthuthwa izimpahla eziningi, isisindo ingqikithi ezingafinyelela amathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu eziyishumi. Ngo-1987 kukhona omunye kabusha, futhi amabutho imoto ukuhambisa e ngaphansi Central Automobile futhi Road uMnyango eMnyango Wezokuvikela (TSADU). Sinenkosi ngempela isakhiwo branched. Manje amayunithi lempi izinhlobo ezahlukene amabutho wathola ingxenye yabo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthuthwa amasosha kanye wezimpahla lempi. Izindlela esinamandla kunazo obonisa Trucking e isikali tekusebenta futhi amasu steel ekhethekile imoto lamabutho, bonke abakulo phambi, ibutho kanye umyalo emaphakathi.

isikhathi esisha

Ngo-2000, ngomyalo uNgqongqoshe wezokuVikela we Russian Federation wasungula Day umshayeli lempi. Le iholidi lugujwa avtobatov amasosha kulo lonke leli zwe. Petersburg, eMoscow kanye nezinye amabutho amadolobha Russian imoto ukubingelela ukusithatha 29 Meyi. Ngalolu suku, amasosha abashayeli ukuzwa amazwi okubonga ashiwo abathandekayo babo kanye umyalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoSuku umshayeli lempi wanquma ukuhalalisela izikhulu reserve and Veterans abaye bakhonza e-Russian Federation avtobate. Ngo-2010, ingalo kulwa eyikhulu. Isenzakalo embukisweni kuphelelwe e Bronnitsy (esifundeni eMoscow). Yanikeza izimoto okukhona manje enkonzweni nge izingcezu zanamuhla avtobata.

ngabe sevisi kulula avtobate?

Namuhla, ukubuthela abaningi bathambekele ukungenela inkonzo, futhi iningi labo ngandlela-thile ngithole ke kulula kunamanye amayunithi lempi. Nokho, ukunikeza Homeland izikweletu avtobate engcono, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kakhulu eziyinkimbinkimbi kunamanye amabutho. ukuhwebelana njalo omasha ngohide lempi engaqinisa, akuzona zonke, ngaphezu, kufanele inake ukuthi isiqondiso eyinhloko emabuthweni ahlomile, ukuze ehambisana, kule moto ingxenye. Ngokwesibonelo, njengengxenye amabutho ubunjiniyela avtobat ithatha ingxenye unomphela pontoon yokuwela, futhi lokhu kuyinto umsebenzi onzima kakhulu.

Ukuqeqeshwa nezikhulu amabutho yezimoto kwenziwe ezikoleni ubunjiniyela ezempi kanye zezifundiswa, ngenxa esikoleni esikhethekile amabutho imoto nje abekho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanyuvesi eziyisithupha ezisetshenziswa umphakathi Russia babe neminyango lempi, onguchwepheshe kule ndawo.

Russian isibonakaliso imoto amasosha kanye nezinto

Indlela lolu hlobo amasosha - izingalo elihlangene. Decals kukhona chevrons nelogo amathebhu namabutho embonini yezezimoto. Photo ekulesi sihloko ubonisa le mfanelo. Maka motor amabutho kuyinto banner black liqoshwe ubakakimbili-logo nokuntula itheyiphu St George, futhi isiqubulo esithi: "Amasosha Izithuthi bekulungele aphonse."