Ama-antibiotic "Maxipime": yokusetshenziswa, analogs kanye nokubuyekeza

Ukutholakala ngowokuqala-antibiotic (penicillin akuzange kusize zonke ezaziwayo namuhla) phakathi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili kuye kwasusa umgoqo kwezokwelapha. Eminyakeni ka ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, lo muthi wasindisa ukuphila ezinkulungwane abavikeli njengezitha zezwe lokhokho.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, oyisazi samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo futhi abekho embonini yokwenziwa kwemithi ngokushesha ukuthuthukisa futhi inikeza amakhasimende ezingasho antibiotic. Omunye eziphambili kakhulu futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene umuthi "Maxipime" okuyinto libuyekeza alawule leli thuluzi njengoba kakhulu, ngempumelelo kakhulu ahlukahlukene izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Sakhiwo Ukwakheka

The main isithako lokhu umuthi tsefepimadigidrohlorida monohydrate. Thomas Production - powder aphuzi luhlaza olumhlophe isixazululo kwezokuphatha okwalandela esicutshini noma emthanjeni. Ngo imithamo eziningana nomkhiqizi inikeza amakhasimende umkhiqizo wabo "Maxipime." I-antibiotic angathengwa amabhodlela umthamo 500 mg kanye 1 g

Ukwakheka Usululungele ekuphathweni kungenzeka ligcinwe ngaso ekamelweni lokushisa usuku olulodwa. Ngaphansi kwezimo impilo esiqandisini eshalofini yesixazululo ukulungele anda afinyelela ku 1 iviki. In ifomu powder futhi stoppered ukulungiselela isitsha lingalondolozwa iminyaka engu-3. Okudingeka - ithempelesha + 30 ° C no-bavikelekile ukukhanya. Ukushintsha umbala isixazululo akuphazamisi umsebenzi zomuthi.

ithonya kwemithi

"Imiyalelo Maxipime 'ukusetshenziswa kahle njenge-agent elwa namagciwane ukuthi kungokwalabo 4th isizukulwane cephalosporins iqembu. imiphumela Isimiso ukubhujiswa cell izindonga amagciwane amagciwane. Umuthi has a spectrum ezibanzi ithonya maqondana uhla izilokazane ezincane Gram-HIV futhi Gram-negative, zinezikhathi ukumelana kwabo aminoglycosides futhi antibaktrialnym kusho oyisizukulwane sesithathu cephalosporin iqembu.

Ukuze "Maksipima" nobuntu ukumelana beta-lactamases futhi esebenzayo ngokumelene inqwaba Gram-HIV futhi Gram-negative aerobic (uhlu ezinemininingwane - e yokusetshenziswa). Kodwa imithi ayisebenzi ngokumelene metitsillinoustoychivym staphylococci, pneumococci penitsillinoustoychivye.

Ngemva ukwethulwa "Maxipime" antibiotic (imfundo manual kuhlanganisa ulwazi olufana) esikuthola ngokuphelele. Therapeutically lokuhlala ezifanele ingxenye esebenzayo eyinhloko kutholwa emchamweni, Bile, uketshezi bronchial engeziwe, le ndlala wesinye uketshezi peritoneal.

Ingxenye-ukuphila cishe amahora amabili. Ukuze uqhathanise, singasho ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, iziguli omdala ubani izinsuku 9 by emthanjeni etholwe 2 g zomuthi nge isikhawu phakathi ukwelashwa okungenani amahora angu-8 cefepime ekuqongeleleni emzimbeni ayitholakali. Inani enkulu excreted ku umchamo (waphawula kuze kufinyelele 85% of the ekuqaleni wathola imithamo nesineke cefepime njengoba akushintshiwe).

izinkomba

Elwa namagciwane "Maxipime" yokusetshenziswa bayakhuthazwa ukuba baphakamise at izinhlobo ezahlukene zokugula bemvelo ezithathelwanayo kanye ukuvuvukala. Imiphumela emihle etholakale ekwelapheni aphansi zokuphefumula ipheshana izifo (ephathwa inyumoniya futhi ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula kuhlanganise) kanye Amapayipi urinary (kokubili hhayi eziyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nezinkinga kuhlanganise pyelonephritis). Dynamics Positive siyenzeka ekwelapheni ezithathelwanayo izilonda ahlukahlukene naphakathi-besisu (hhayi ngaphandle biliary ipheshana ukutheleleka peritonitis).

Futhi, "Maxipime" kabanzi bezempilo ekwelapheni izifo gynecological, izifo zesikhumba kanye ezithambile izicubu izilonda, septicemia (sepsis). Esikhathini nokwelashwa kweziguli neutropenia febrile, "Maxipime" manual Kunconywa yokwelapha enokwehla.

Esinye isici esibangela ithonya izidakamizwa - webhaktheriya meningitis ezinganeni. Lapha, le antibiotic futhi kahle kungase kutholakale.

Njengoba isilinganiso izifo izidakamizwa isetshenziswa ukuze avimbele izifo ngokuhamba ukuhlinzwa kwamathumbu.

Ngokuvamile singasho ukuthi "Maxipime" ukusetshenziswa kuvunyelwe ngaphansi zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo, ukuthuthukiswa zazo sokucasuka ekuthonyweni amagciwane nobunzima nezingcindezi. Ukuze abone umzimba causative futhi ukunquma yayo (noma yabo) ukuzwela kule-antibiotic ba okufanele bakwenze uvivinyo. Nokho, "Maxipime" kuthinta ezibanzi zamagciwane amagciwane ukuthi njengoba monotherapy zingafundwa ngisho nangaphambi ekuboneni lwegciwane. Uma kukhona ingozi okuxubile ukutheleleka (aerobic-anaerobic), kwase kuba kwabayishumi ukuhlolwa Wokuhlonishwa Kwemishado namagciwane abangela izifo ungaqala ukwelashwa "Maksipimom" esihambisana izidakamizwa ezithinta anaerobes.

Umthamo nomthamo ophezulu wemithi zemithi

Umthamo kanye nokuphathwa ifomu (w / w noma w / o) inqunywa kuye nozwela-bacterium, kobukhulu isimo isifo isiguli kanye nezinso. Futhi-I / O endleleni ngokuvamile babekhetha ezimweni lapho ukutheleleka kunzima futhi akwethuse ngokuthi ukuphila kwesiguli.

Abantu ne nezinso enempilo futhi enesisindo imijovo ezingaphezu kuka-40 kg wenza ngezikhawu amahora 12 in umthamo enqunywe udokotela wakho. Iziyaluyalu ngomgudu womchamo imnene kobukhulu ngokulinganisela, ezinye izifo ezenzeka umfutho esifanayo, ziphathwa e imithamo of 0.5-1 g, iqondiswa ngemithambo yegazi noma intramuscularly (njengoba udokotela enquma). Ukuze kuliwe yizifo eziyingozi wayekwenza ngemithambo yegazi iqondiswa-2 g izidakamizwa (PERIODICITY kuyafana - amahora angu-12). Ukuze ezibudisi khulu nalezo ethwele usongo ekuphileni ukutheleleka lesiguli kanye umthamo obudingekayo 2 g, kodwa PERIODICITY - njalo ngemva kwamahora 8.

Ama-antibiotic "Maxipime" isetshenziswa Umkhuhlane kuphela lokhu ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho futhi webhaktheriya ixhumeke ukugeleza igciwane lohlobo.

Ngokuhamba imisebenzi kuhlinzwa (1 ihora ngaphambi) prophylactically ngemithambo yegazi phezu 2 ihora phambili g 'Maksipima "ke wathela ezengeziwe mg 500 metronidazole. Kanyekanye iqondiswa izinto ezimbili akufanele.

Inani elimaphakathi izidakamizwa iziguli isisindo emzimbeni kungazange kufinyelele 40 kg, ekwelapheni pheshana urinary nezifo (kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kube lula), izicubu zomzimba ezithambile kanye isikhumba (hhayi zaphazamisa), ukuvuvukala yamaphaphu futhi ukwelashwa enokwehla fever neutropenic 50 mg ngayinye isisindo amakhilogramu umzimba. Imijovo wenza ngezikhawu amahora 12. Ngo-meningitis amagciwane imfiva neutropenic efanayo 50 mg / kg iqondiswa ukuncoma ngezikhawu phakathi ukwelashwa, ilingana 8 amahora.

Ukuze iziguli kwezinso ku izinso ukusebenza, edingekayo ukuze ulungise umthamo yesondlo. Ama-antibiotic "Maxipime" incazelo izidakamizwa (umthamo kuncike hlobo lwegciwane kanye kobukhulu ukutheleleka niyobuthwa ngu udokotela ukuba khona) incoma ukuthi ivolumu kokuqala zomuthi ukuthatha kuyafana ngoba abantu izinso enempilo, kuyilapho ezisekela umthamo kushintshwe kuye amagugu creatine imvume.

Labo ezigulini ukuthatha "Maxipime" futhi sibhekene hemodialysis, Kunconywa ekupheleni inqubo ufake kabusha umthamo esisha-antibiotic ilingane yasekuqaleni. Lokhu kuyadingeka, isb. K. Ukuze 3 ihora zelashwe izosuswa kusuka emzimbeni-68% of the isamba izidakamizwa "Maxipime" (umsebenzisi unalesi lwazi).

Izimo "Meksipima"

Naphezu anhlobonhlobo kakhulu yemiphumela elwa namagciwane lokhu izidakamizwa, ayinayo uhlu olude Izimo. "Maxipime" imfundo manual sivimbela abantu hypersensitivity ngabanye ukuba cefepime futhi L-arginine. Futhi, akuvumelekile inikezwa iziguli nge ukusabela hypersensitivity ngokushesha penicillins, nezinye beta-lactam ejenti, imithi elwa namagciwane cephalosporin hlobo.

Ngokucophelela isimo sakhe sempilo ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa "Maksipimom" kumelwe aphathe abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye omama ubuhlengikazi, kubantu abaphethwe izifo ipheshana wokugaya ukudla, ikakhulukazi izifo ezifana esidalwa yizilonda emathunjini sibe noma nesifo-antibiotic-ezihambisana, enteritis lesifunda.

Kepha umthelela umsebenzi zokuzala, kumele wathi ukuthi zokwelapha ezilwaneni Awekho nemiphumela emibi umama umbungu aye atholakala. Noma kunjalo, ucwaningo kahle elawulwa we nomthelela emzimbeni womuntu wesifazane kwenziwa. Ngakho-ke, abesifazane abakhulelwe ziyamukeleka "Maxipime" kuphela ngaphansi kweso lwezokwelapha. Ngo webele womuntu ubisi izidakamizwa ikhishwe izinto eziningi ezincane kakhulu, kodwa hhayi kuwufanele ingozi. Ngesikhathi lactation kufanele uthathe imithi ngokuqapha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-antibiotic "Maxipime" manual incoma usebenzisa ngokucophelela okukhulu kulabo abahlushwa ezinzima ezingamahlalakhona ukwehluleka kwezinso. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi in iziguli esingelapheki ukwehluleka kwezinso anda isigamu-ukuphila leso sidakamizwa emzimbeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abantu isifo sesibindi, noma-cystic fibrosis akuyona obuzwiwa yiziphi izinguquko pharmacokinetic ngenxa ukumuncwa futhi kukhuthaza ka cefepime.

Imiphumela engemihle, ngokweqile umthamo kuvunyelwe

Ngokuvamile singasho ukuthi "Maxipime 'ebekezelele ngokubhekakade kahle, futhi izigameko izigameko ezingezinhle ezavela akuyona okusezingeni eliphezulu. Kuwo wonke amacala ngokuvamile zazikhuluma mayelana ukusebenza wokugaya ukudla ipheshana iziyaluyalu (dyspepsia, uhudo, ukuqunjelwa, ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza), kanye hypersensitivity ukusabela (ukuqubuka, ukulunywa, imfiva).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi olutholakala kulo muthi njengenhlangano "Maxipime" antibiotic - incazelo ukulungiselela, imiyalelo ukusetshenziswa kwaso, - ubufakazi kungenzeka ukuphendula on the ingxenye esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ngesimo tachycardia (palpitations inhliziyo) kanye ubuhlungu besifuba. umgudu wokuphefumula angenza bona obukhulu emphinjeni iphika, ukukhwehlela. Impendulo okungenzeka kakhulu kusukela CNS kuyoba ukuqwasha, ikhanda kungenzeka, isiyezi, ukukhathazeka ukudideka, paresthesia. Phakathi kwezinye izimpawu, ukubona sikwazi ukukhuluma ukukhathala, lezinkinobho, ukujuluka, ubuhlungu, ubuhlungu emuva, edema neuropathy. Futhi, njengoba imiphumela emibi ochwepheshe bezokwelapha ukukhuluma mayelana noshintsho kungenzeka e imingcele laboratory.

Kepha impermissibly ukuthola esenikwe lo muthi 'Maxipime "imfundo manual yazisa nge ukusebenza kwe-hemodialysis ezimweni ezinjalo.

Lokho kufanele sinake?

Isisindo etimeni letehlukene okungavamile angagcina phakathi nenkathi lapho ebekiwe imithi elwa namagciwane "Maxipime." Indlela yokufaka isicelo ke kulokhu? Uma isizinda "Maksipima" lakhiwa nesifo pseudomembranous sohudo isikhathi eside, bayayeka ukuphuza ke ngaso sonke yaphinde yaphathwa vancomycin noma metronidazole.

Uma isiguli uhlushwa kuhlanganiswe ukwehluleka ezinzima isibindi nezinso, izisebenzi zezokwelapha kufanele ukuqhuba zokuqapha okuqhubekayo lokuhlushwa izidakamizwa e-plasma bese, kuncike nemingcele, ulungise umthamo.

Uma lo muthi isineminyaka a isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukuqapha njalo ukubunjwa igazi neuropathy izinkomba obusebenzayo izinso nezinkinga zesibindi.

Ezimweni lapho isiguli kusuka focus akude ezithathelwanayo waphawula ukusabalalisa meningeal (ukusabalala kwamagciwane, kokubili ngaphakathi eziko, futhi wonke umzimba), kukhona izinsolo meningitis noma uphethwe isivele ifakiwe, kubalulekile ukuba enqabe ukwelashwa ngendlela "Maksipimom" futhi akwabele kakoe- noma okunye ejenti elwa namagciwane kanye kusebenta kungase kutholakale ukuze kuhlonzwe.

Kukhona kungenzeka ukuhlonza yokusabela omuhle kuhlolo le Coombs, zamanga-HIV - ebukhoneni glucose in umchamo.

"Maxipime" umkhuhlane futhi abandayo (isb e izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane) ngeke siphumelele.

Ukuxhumana nezinye izinto

Uma iziguli eyabelwe ukwamukela "Maxipime" isicelo okucishe kufane nalokhu nezinye izidakamizwa kumele kube ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela. Lokhu-antibiotic akuyona pharmaceutically iyahambisana neminye imithi elwa namagciwane kanye heparin.

Tubular uketshezi bude cefepime kakhulu encishisiwe lapho kuhlangene isisu, aminoglycosides futhi polymyxin B. efanayo ukwanda Ngohlelo PM lokuhlushwa "Maksiprima" in the serum igazi kuzokhulisa kuze ukuthuthukiswa nephrotoxicity nefronekroza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwandisa ingxenye-ukuphila.

Ukuhlanganisa "Maksiprima" nge ama-NSAID (non-steroidal izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala) ukubambezela yonke excretion of cephalosporins lomzimba ingadala ukopha.

Ukusetshenziswa lihambisana namanye imithi elwa namagciwane amagciwane (aminoglycosides) kuzoholela ukubonakaliswa Synergy, nge bacteriostatic - umbango.

Imithi analogue

Ukuthaka imithi analogs akhethiwe esekelwe ngamazwe igama nonproprietary (INN), lapha isithako esebenzayo eyinhloko (elisho "Maksipima" cefepime esinjalo siyisivikelo). Ethandwa kakhulu analogue ejenti elwa namagciwane "Maxipime" amazwana kusukela ochwepheshe okukhulunywe izidakamizwa ezifana "Cefepime-Alpes", "Cefepime", "Movizar", "maxicef" "Cefepime oyinyumba."

Lena akuyona uhlu oluphelele, futhi njengoba igama "Cefepime", lapha, ngaphezu okungenhla, kusenabantu "Cefepime-Vial", "Cefepime-Agio" "Cefepime-Dzhodas" "Cefepime-Alkema," "Cefepime Hydrochloride ".

Futhi in ezahlukene izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane abahlinzeki linqume izidakamizwa ukuthola "Ladef", "Efipim", "Kefsepim", "Tsefomaks", "chainsWe".

Ngokuphathelene nemithi ontanga, bangase kungabi ngempumelelo njengoba izidakamizwa ilayisensi njalo.

Umbono iziguli kanye abasebenzi bezempilo

Kusukela izidakamizwa has a ezahlukene kwezicelo ezihlukahlukene izifo microbial ke ngokubona "Maksipime" kukhona isiqondiso esihle, futhi okungekuhle. Abantu abaningi bathathe imithi elwa namagciwane, basutha ngemiphumela. impilo okuthuthukisiwe, ngisho izinhlobo okunzima izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane iphutha izinsuku 2-3 kusukela ekuqaleni yokwelapha. Ngokusho kwabasebenzi bezempilo, umuthi futhi ezivezile ezihlukahlukene ezimweni emtholampilo. Futhi izindleko umuthi akunjalo eliphezulu kakhulu (kunemithi eshibhile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona kakhulu eqolo ngaphezu kwanoma "Maxipime").

Nokho, azikho umbono elikhulu mayelana izidakamizwa. imibono esiningi ongathandeki yalezo ziguli sizivezile e imithi oyinikiwe engemihle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbono omubi wavezwa yiqembu ahlukene abantu abathatha imithi elwa namagciwane "Maxipime" ngoba imikhuhlane. Nakuba kulesi simo umphumela, njengoba kusenjalo namanje kulindeleke. Noma yimuphi abandayo iyinhlangano nature viral, futhi "Maxipime" - a germicide, isimiso ogxile umthelela ukubhujiswa ulwelwesi cell amagciwane.

Thenga imithi kungenziwa kuphela kokuba kadokotela lukadokotela. Kusuke kufanele kube njalo: udokotela ngolwazi ezikhethekile kanye nakho, ngakho khetha elwa namagciwane futhi abale umthamo ubuncane ngempumelelo, ukuthi zonke izingozi amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle ziyancipha futhi nemiphumela elihle umzimba uzobe laba likhulu.