ALT anda. Yini okumelwe uyenze?

alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme eziqukethwe isibindi sisetshenziswe njengesigungu sokufaka inkomba ukuthola iziyaluyalu imisebenzi yawo ngokupheleleko. Yini yokuthi, uma amazinga ALT anda?

Phakathi enzyme eziningi ayizikhombisi kuphazamiseka hepatocellular, ewusizo kakhulu ezidingekayo kukhona aminotransferase alanine (ALT) kanye aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Ngabo yashesha ukudluliswa ukusabela ngendlela gamma-gamma band ketoglutarate alanine namaqembu aspartate. Ngenxa yalokho yale nqubo ekhiqizwa pyruvic futhi oxaloacetic acid.

Futhi u-ALT AST - yeselula enzyme izinso, isibindi, nenhliziyo. Nokho, aminotransferase alanine, ikakhulukazi etholakala sesibindi iyona eyisisekelo inkomba yayo, futhi aspartate aminotransferase -. Njengengxenye ye eziningi (ngaphandle kwalezo ezibalwe ngenhla) lezitho nezicubu, kuhlanganise imisipha lwamathambo, ubuchopho, njll Lokhu Yingakho ukhiye enzyme AST lingaphansi ezivamile kube inkomba yokuthi umsebenzi sesibindi, futhi kuthatha iqhaza acid acid umzimba.

Uma kukhona ukubhujiswa amaseli isibindi, inhliziyo, izinso, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) egazini ukuwa. Yandisa of enzyme yeselula lichaza ekwakheni igazi kubonisa izifo esicashile. Lapho ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amazinga ALT okusezingeni eliphezulu, angagcina izifo kuyindaba eqakathekileko egazini, njenge:

- ngokoma kwesibindi,

- viral kwesibindi,

- myocarditis,

- nomdlavuza wesibindi,

- ukumelwa inhliziyo,

- ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Futhi aminotransferase ukwanda aspartate egazini kungaholela

- isifo senhliziyo,

- nomdlavuza wesibindi,

- kwemisipha sokuwohloka ,

- pancreatitis,

- paroxysmal myoglobinuria,

- ukusha kwesibindi,

- dermatomyositis,

- ukumelwa inhliziyo.

Nokho, uma izinga isiyonke AST no-ALT anda, kungase kube:

- necrosis olubanzi hepatic,

- toksinogennye isibindi ukulimala,

- ezinzima-hepatitis viral,

- nciphisa isikhathi eside-semithambo.

Cishe zonke izifo izifundo igazi lomuntu kubonisa ukuthi izinga kanye AST, no-ALT anda, okungukuthi, ezingeni kokubili enzyme lezi zimo cishe kuyafana futhi ikhombisa khona egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Kodwa kunesinye umehluko. Uma amazinga ALT anda ngokwezinga elikhulu ukwedlula aminotransferase aspartate, okhombisa isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni we-hepatitis B ukutheleleka. Uma ACAT igazi ngaphezulu, kube kaningi nge nezinkinga zenhliziyo.

Kumuntu ophile kahle okuqukethwe la ma-enzyme yeselula kufanele kube ezingeni:

- e amadoda kuze kube amayunithi 41 ilitha (U / L);

- e abesifazane kuze kufinyelele amayunithi 31 ilitha (U / L).

Ukukhomba ezingeni la ma-enzyme, amaprotheni umzimba, thatha igazi kwamakhemikhali. Sivamile ALT therein ngeke 28-190 nmol / (c l) noma 0.1, 68 mmol / (ml ihora) futhi ACAT - 28-25 nmol / (c l) noma 0,1-, 45 pmol / (ml hr). Lo mthetho ubizwa ezimweni zombili sinikezwa ngesizathu indlela Reitman-Frankel (indlela colorimetric zocwaningo).

Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa kwegazi alanine aminotransferase olwenziwa ukuze ufunde mayelana isimo isibindi, futhi aspartate aminotransferase - ukubona isimo myocardium (senhliziyo esilimele). Uma ukuhlaziywa libonisa igazi labo okusezingeni eliphezulu, kusho ukuthi izinqubo lokubhubhisa yokufa kwamangqamuzana engokwemvelo zenzeka kulezi zitho. Ngakho, uma AST kudlulwe ezingeni layo egazini izikhathi 2-20, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthuthukiswa isilethikusebenza. Uma amazinga ALT yanda, kukhona inqubo sokugembula esibindini.

Ngaphansi inkomba encishisiwe wegazi alanine aminotransferase nochwepheshe aspartate aminotransferase ukwazi ukuthi ukungabi umzimba ukuba pyridoxine (B6). Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, nge hemodialysis njalo futhi ukwehluleka kwezinso.

Ngeshwa, kusuka serum igazi lomuntu okunempilo la ma-enzyme ayaziwa, ngakho sona futhi indlela yabo imvume (ngesilinganiso ijubane ukuphathwa plasma, nezinye bioliquid nezicubu of yisiphi izinto ngenxa lokwabiwa kabusha yabo, biotransformation, ukuqedwa emzimbeni).