Achromatopsia - kuba non-bezibona umbala. Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo

Achromatopsia - isifo esiyingozi we-apharathasi optic, okuyinto iphazamiseke ngokuphelele kombala. Ngakho, ubona zonke izinto emhlabeni kuye ngombala omnyama nomhlophe. Imbangela yale ahromazii ngokuvamile umlando womndeni, kodwa ngesikhathi nendawo kuyi-retina kuyinto ezilimele noma emsipheni optic futhi zingaphazamisa kombala.

izimpawu

Izinto ezilandelayo ezibonisa lingaze kungenzeka uma achromatopsia:

• izinkinga bezibona imibala ngamunye (obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza okotshani) - umuntu ubona izinto ngombala omnyama nomhlophe;
• ukulahlekelwa okuphelele umbono;
• photophobia.

Lapho ukulahlekelwa olungaphelele kombala kubantu kukhona umbono acute ngaphezulu. Lapho ezifana nesifo ukubonakala lapho kuhlwa ngcono kakhulu. Kulokhu, lo isiguli sekutholakele ukuthi sine- achromatopsia akuphelele, okusho ukuthi kokunikezwa kwe-apharathasi ezibukwayo luqedwe.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla ahromazii

Can ukuxilonga izifo zisencane ekilasini nengane, okuhloswe ngaso ukutadisha umehluko umbala. Ngo umuntu enempilo ukuze isebenze ngokugcwele ezintathu Isigaxa indlela emsebenzini ahromazii Izigaxa siphukile, umuntu ubona konke ngombala omnyama nomhlophe.

Abantu abaphethwe achromatopsia akukwazi ngaphandle izibuko ukukhanya kwelanga, ngoba imisebe, ezithinta i-retina, okubangela ubuhlungu.

Ukuze sitholakele isifo usebenzisa bamehlo polychromatic Rabkin etafuleni noma electroretinography. Ngakho-ke, lo ukuthola ingane achromatopsia izimpawu kufanele axhumane ngokushesha ne isikhungo wezokwelapha.

Kuyini achromatopsia, i-akhawunti olunemininingwane ethe xaxa zingachazwa kuphela udokotela sizohlaziya imiphumela yocwaningo kanye bazokwazi ukuhlonza imbangela isifo (azalwa naso (zofuzo) noma atholwe ngenxa ukudluliselwa kwezifo okuthile noma ukulimala kwe-apharathasi ezibukwayo).

ekwelapheni lesi sifo

Okwamanje, khona ongakhetha uzophulukiswa ephelele kukhona. Into kuphela ongayenza - ukunciphisa photophobia, futhi kancane ngcono acuity ezibukwayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu kumelwe ukugqoka njalo ekhethekile ilanga izibuko, wenze umzimba for amehlo , bese ulandela yonke iseluleko kudokotela wezifo zamehlo.

Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa isayensi esikhathini esizayo enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba iziguli enjalo ukuzwa ukuphila okugcwele. Achromatopsia akuyona belashwa ngokuphelele. Kwezinye izimo kuba ngcono kungenzeka isiguli, kodwa ezihlobene iwukudambisa izimpawu, kunokuba ukuze uwasuse. Ukuphulukisa ahromaziyu kubangelwa chromosomal kwezinso, akunakwenzeka.

Imfundo yezingane ne achromatopsia futhi komphakathi iziyaluyalu

Azikho Izimo ukuvakashela abavamile esikoleni ingane ukuthi nginesifo achromatopsia. Lokhu kusho ukuthi unelungelo ukuya esikoleni ngaphandle enyakazayo ozinikele. Into kuphela okudingeka uyenze is khuza othisha. Izingane ezinjalo zingase zisheshe ukufunda kahle, yize benezinkinga umbono.

Uma kudingekile, kudingeka uhlinzeke ingane amabhuku umbhalo omkhulu, noma wamnika amadivayisi ebabaza, okuzokwenza lula inqubo yokufunda. Ingane nge achromatopsia kufanele uhlale emgqeni ongaphambili, kusukela ukuhlukumeza acuity ezibukwayo kakhulu ezithinta bezibona.

Lapho isikhulile, kukhona ezinye imikhawulo, ezifana abantu ngenxa yokuntula umbala abakwazi ukushayela imoto noma yisisebenzi ensimini lapho umehluko umbala isikhashana kunesidingo.

Achromatopsia: isithombe

Ungathola inombolo enkulu yezithombe, okuyizinto ngokucacile umehluko obonakalayo apharathasi enempilo ezibukwayo kokuba tsvetovospriimchivye ukuphulwa.

Esikhathini isithombe ngakwesokunxele bubonakala ngokucacile ukuntuleka Izigaxa - amaseli obhekene ukuqonda futhi ikhono lokuhlukanisa imibala.

Ukuze ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe kuyadingeka ukuze electroretinography. Le ndlela ukuxilongwa e esolwa ahromaziyu elilungile.

Iwukudambisa symptomatology lesi sifo (e ubuhlungu ikakhulukazi lapho zihlatshwa imisebe yokukhanya) kungenzeka esebenzisa izibuko elalakhelwe nge ingilazi ebomvu.

Achromatopsia - isifo cishe engalethi ukungakhululeki indoda, njengoba nje iye kusukela ekuzalweni abakwazi ukubona izwe ezimibalabala. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakhiwa abantu ukuba lesi sifo ngamunye umbala umbono, okuyinto ubuswa shades of gray, abamhlophe nabansundu.

Ubunzima ingavela kuphela uma yokufuna isifo, khona-ke umuntu kunzima ukwamukela, ngokuvamile sinqotshwe ukucindezeleka. Ahromazii ukuthuthukiswa kungenzeka kubangelwa pituitary ukulimala noma ukuvuvukala umnyango cerebral, isebenze ingxenyenamba obhekene nomsebenzi we kombala.