Abazali esenina. I kwazalelwa khona imbongi omkhulu Russian

Singakezwa ukuthi kwakungobani abazali esenina, kumelwe sivume ngobuqotho ukuthi bayavuma ukuthi yonke indaba isazoqhubeka ekugcineni ibe ngu- impilo kanye nomsebenzi imbongi. Futhi ngakho ungabhala bangaphezi, ngoba abalandeli zihlale nentshisekelo abantu beye bathonya kumiswa ubuntu bakhe, futhi kuyo yakhulela lokhu okuncane esiyingqayizivele Russian e ezidlula eduze Pushkin futhi Lermontov, indlela uthando angalokothi ikhula kube yilolu suku .

okwazalelwa

Usuku lokuzalwa esenina senzeka ekhoneni olunothile Russia 3 Okthoba, 1895. Lokhu omangalisayo Yesenin onqenqemeni namuhla, zonke izinsuku kuthatha omningi izivakashi. Imbongi esizayo wazalwa ngo Konstantinovo (Ryazan esifundeni), edolobhaneni elidala, elivele ukusakaza ngokukhululekile emahlathini emasimini ibhange kwesokudla Oka. Imvelo zalezi zindawo unkulunkulu ugqozi, hhayi ayikho into lapho kwazalelwa khona ubuhlakani nangomphefumulo ozinikele Russian.

Indlu Yesenin e Konstantinovo eliye lenza abe Museum. Olubanzi ukhaphethi izimfunda kanye emathafeni ebabazekayo eduze komfula baba sombuso izinkondlo imbongi elikhulu. Rodina kwaba angumtfombo ugqozi lwakhe, yena njalo crouches, ukudweba amandla otchemu uthando Russian ekhaya, umoya Russian nabantu bakhe.

abazali esenina

uyise Imbongi, u-Alexander Nikitich Yesenin (1873-1931 GG.) Kusukela ebusheni bakhe ukucula ekwayeni yesonto. Yena waba ngumlimi, kodwa ezingafanelanga njengoba ngokukhanyayo futhi lezindaba ongumlimi ihhashi amahanisi bahluleka. Ngakho-ke, futhi-ke ngahamba ngayosebenza e Moscow umthengisi Krylov, ngubani yayiphethe esitolo a hlaba sika. Alexander Yesenin kwaba Ungadliwa kakhulu. Wayengase ahlale isikhathi eside ucabangisisa ngu iwindi, kakhulu kuyaqabukela wamomotheka, kodwa wayengase atshele izinto engenangqondo ukuthi nxazonke kweqa ukuhleka.

Umama imbongi, Tatyana Fedorovna Titova (1873-1955 GG.), kakhulu, kwaba ophuma emkhayeni ompofu. Yena cishe konke ukuphila wakhe babehlala Konstantinovo. Ryazan esifundeni cishe bethatheka wakhe. Tatiana Feodorovna wancelisa indodana yakhe Sergei amandla nokwethembela ithalenta, ngaphandle-ke wayengasoze ngilinge ukuya Petersburg.

abazali esenina nabo abazange bajabule emshadweni, kodwa umama yonke impilo yakhe wahlala bokwehlukana kanye nokuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu enhliziyweni yami, futhi ukuthi kwakukhona izizathu sina.

UMfoweth 'u-Alexander Razgulyaev

Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi, kodwa eduze lengcwaba imbongi ku Vagankovsky emathuneni kukhona stepbrother ethuneni esenina umama - Alexander Ivanovich Razgulyaevo. Into wukuthi Tatyana Fedorovna, kuyilapho ngisesemncani khulu, washada Alexander Nikitich futhi kungabi ngenxa yothando. Abazali esenina ngandlela-thile akazange ngokushesha hit off. Ubaba wavumela phezulu emva komshado, wabuyela eMoscow, ukuba esitolo umninisitolo senyama evela sika umthengisi Krylov, lapho wasebenza phambi. Tatyana Fedorovna wayengowesifazane waqina futhi ungatholi ku nge noma umyeni wakhe noma umalokazana.

INdodana Sergei ithunyelwe ukuqeqeshwa kubazali bakhe nakuwo ngo-1901 waya funa imisebenzi Ryazan futhi kwahlangana njengoba kwakubonakala ke, uthando lwakhe olukhulu. Kodwa embonweni sahamba ngokushesha, futhi kusukela kule uthando esiyisono indodana, u-Alexander (1902-1961 GG.).

Tatyana Fedorovna wafuna ukuthola isehlukaniso, kodwa umyeni wakhe ayengahlanganyeli ukunikeza. Umfana ayenakho ukunikeza umhlengikazi EP Razgulyaevo nokubhala igama lakhe. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ukuphila kwakhe yaphenduka usizi, wahlupheka nabalangazelelekayo ingane, ngezinye izikhathi bemvakashela, kodwa ayikwazanga pick up. Sergey Esenin Ufunde ngayo ngo-1916, kodwa bahlangana kuphela 1924th endlini kakhokho wakhe - Fedor titov.

Alexander Nikitich Yesenin wabhala Catherine indodakazi yakhe endala, owayehlala Benislavskoy, kusukela kwakubuhlungu kakhulu ukukhuthazelela kanjalo ngokwesaba ukuthi wathatha Aleksandra yabo Razgulyaeva. Ukucasukelwa unina enhliziyweni imbongi. Nakuba ayazi ukuthi komfowabo u-Alexander neze ukuba asolwe, kodwa ubudlelwane obuhle nabo abangenandaba bengazimisele.

Aleksandr Ivanovich Razgulyaev Yiqiniso, uyaziqhenya yomfowabo. Waphila impilo yasemanzini ujantshi isisebenzi othobekile, ondlile abantwana abane. Zonke zasebuntwaneni yayo esesabisayo ezintandaneni wachaza e "Autobiography".

odade

Esenina baye baba ozithandayo kanye nodade ababili, u-Catherine no-Aleksandru (1911-1981 GG.) (1905-1977 GG.). Catherine balandela umfowabo aphume Konstantinovo waya eMoscow. Kube wayemsiza ezindabeni etemibhalo ukushicilela, bese ngemva kokufa kwakhe, waba umondli zomlando yakhe. Catherine washada umngane oseduze esenina - ". Endabeni izinhlamvu" Basil Nasedkina becindezela futhi wabulawa NKVD ngo-1937 ku-aqanjiwe Wazamukela inkathi yeminyaka emibili. Washona ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo eMoscow.

udade Okwesibili okuthiwa Alexandra. Libuye libe omningi futhi umzamo wayenethonya ukwakha esenina iminyuziyamu, ukuhlinzeka izithombe, yesandla nezinye ezibalulekile zingamagugu angamafa ngabanye nasezintweni ezazisetshenziswa kudala. Umehluko nomzalwane eseneminyaka engu-16 ubudala. Ayebabiza ngothando ngokuthi Shurenkov wakhe. Ekupheleni kuka-1924, sengibuyile phesheya kwezilwandle, wamthatha kuye eMoscow. Umama wambusisa Tikhvin Isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu, okuyinto manje eMnyuziyamu Yesenin eMoscow. Imbongi walithanda odadewabo, futhi wathola injabulo enkulu lapho ngiphawula ukukhuluma nabo.

Ogogo nomkhulu

Yesenin isikhathi eside ezikhuliswa ogogo nomkhulu ngasohlangothini lukanina. igama Logogo kwaba Natalia Evtihievna (1847-1911gg.), Futhi kumkhulu wakhe - (. 1845-1927 GG) Fyodor emndenini yabo, ngaphezu umzukulu uSergei, asaphila kanye namadodana abo amathathu. Kuyinto sibonga ugogo wakhe Yesenin bahlangana temdzabu kazwelonke. Wayitshela izindaba eziningi, becula izingoma futhi ditties. Imbongi yena wavuma ukuthi kwaba izindaba likagogo samenta ubhala ivesi lokuqala. Umkhulu uTheodore wayeyindoda yokholo, owazi izincwadi esontweni, ngakho njalo kusihlwa emzini wabo babefunda.

Ukuhambisa kuyise

Ngemva kokuthola iziqu uthisha uMsindisi Klepikovsky isonto esikoleni ngo-1912 futhi ngathola iziqu uthisha lolimi esikoleni, Yesenin ngokushesha wathutha kuyise eMoscow emgwaqeni. Ncinza e-Big Strochenovskiy kwindlela d. 24 (okuyinto manje iwuMnyuziyamu Museum esenina).

Alexander Yesenin samjabulisa efikile, futhi wacabanga ukuthi indodana yakhe yayingeke umsizi okuthembekile yakhe, kodwa wathukuthela lapho emtshela ukuthi ufuna ukuba imbongi. Okokuqala, wabasiza uyise, kodwa kusukela ngaleso sikhathi zaqala ukuletha imibono yabo ekuphileni ngayofuna umsebenzi ngendlela I. endlini ukuphrinta D. Sytina. Bese thina ngeke waphinda ukuphinda yonke yomlando wakhe, okuyinto vele eyaziwa ngokwanele kahle, futhi zama kangcono ukuqonda lokho owawuqondene nabantu.

Pohabnik futhi kicker

Mayelana ngokuvamile kusho izinto eziningi ezingajabulisi esibhekana nazo. Riot nokudakwa ngempela akukhona okungavamile ukuba likhithike empilweni imbongi, kodwa ithalente lakhe kusevisi wezinkondlo Wamphatha sina futhi ngenhlonipho. Ngokusho imbongi yena, futhi amazwi abantu abaseduze naye, ezifana Ilya Schneider, akazange abhale esimweni lokudakwa.

Njengoba imbongi unembeza, akakwazanga athule, futhi ubuhlungu yezwe, okuyinto shí nezinxushunxushu ephelele, incithakalo nendlala, uye wasebenzisa izinkondlo zakhe njengoba isikhali ngokumelene nohulumeni ( "Grove segolide ..." "Manje sesikude kancane ... "," Soviet Russia "futhi" inyamalala Russia ").

Muva nje, umsebenzi wakhe kwaba igama esingokomfanekiso - "Izwe Labantu Scoundrels". Ngemva kokubhalela ukuphila kwakhe Yesenin ishintshile kakhulu, futhi waqala veer okufanele asolwe ngamanyala nokudakwa. Poet baphekwa ngemibuzo ngokuphindaphindiwe abantu abavela GPU, ngubani "bathunga" ibhizinisi lakhe. Okokuqala, bafuna ngecala kuye ka kwamaJuda, namanje-ke kwadingeka abanye impumelelo. Umzukulu uLeo Tolstoy sika UZandile ebusika 1925 lwalumsize ukubaleka woshushiso, uvumelana lo profesa ikhanda Gannushkina ngoba imbongi egumbini elihlukile. Kodwa kwakukhona informers, futhi esenina futhi "wathatha aim". Disemba 28 Wahlukunyezwa ngesihluku wabulala ukuzibulala okucashile.

umndeni esenina

Kusukela ngo-1914, Yesenin wahlala emshadweni yombango nge-Anna Romanovna Izryadnova proofreader (1891-1946 GG.). Wamzalela indodana, Yuri, owayethole iziqu eMoscow zezindiza esikoleni lobuchwepheshe, inkonzo yezempi eKhabarovsk, kodwa edutshulwa ngo-1937 ngamacala amanga. Umama washona ngaphandle kokwazi isiphetho indodana yakhe.

Ngo-1917, imbongi wayeshadile nge Zinaidoy Rayh - actress Russian nonkosikazi ikusasa umqondisi V E. Meyerholda. Esenina umndeni eseke omunye izingane ezimbili: Tatiana (1918-1992 GG.), Yikuphi kamuva owaba umbhali nentatheli, futhi uConstantine (1920-1986 GG.), Owaba intatheli football izibalo. Kodwa umbhangqwana futhi okuthize akuzange kusebenze, futhi ngo-1921 bahlukanisa ngokusemthethweni.

Cishe ngokuphazima kweso esenina kwakukhona umhlangano ne umdansi American Aysedoroy Dunkan, ashada naye kamuva izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ndawonye, baye eYurophu nase-United States. Kodwa lapho efika ekhaya, ngeshwa, sahlukana.

Indaba okukhulu kukhala out nongqongqoshe esenina Galina Benislavskoy, owawungumnyaka umngane wakhe weqiniso noqotho ezikhathini ezinzima kakhulu esihlotsheni sakho kuye. Ngalo, wahlangana futhi ngezinye izikhathi wahlala naye. Bahlangana ngo-1920. Ngemva kokufa imbongi kule 1922nd afike adubula yena ithuna lakhe ngesikhathi emathuneni Vagankovsky. Wembelwa eceleni kwakhe.

Esenina futhi baye baba ndodana engumlanjwana eyalotshwa imbongi Nadezhda Volpin Davydovna - Alexander. Wazalwa Meyi 12, 1924, njengoba umuntu omdala ukuthi bethuthele US futhi waba sezibalo. Alexander kushona - ngoMashi 2016 e-Boston.

ubudlelwano kwakamuva Yesenin umndeni eyakhiwe Sofya UTolstoy. Wayefuna ukuqala impilo entsha, kodwa ukufa akazifinyezanga lezo izinhlelo. Esenina ngosuku lokuzalwa, October 3, 2015, lonke elase-kugujwa iminyaka engu-120. Uzobe kakhulu waphenduka le mbongi abanamakhono.

isiphetho sendaba

Ukuvinjezelwa Leningrad esenina indodana Konstantin, owalwa ngaphambili futhi wacela ukuboleka iholidi, omunye izinsuku belusizi 1943 uvele ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo saseNevsky futhi Liteiny Prospect. Soldier e cap nahlobuchennoy yakhe, wagcoba ijazi lakhe futhi zihangulwe ngokuzumayo wabona ukuthi isitolo "izincwadi ezindala", futhi ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi injongo nje beza kuye. Wema futhi wabheka ezincwadini uhlakaniphile. Ngemva ezinukayo emaxhaphozini futhi ube nemigodi ngemigodi osklizshih kube phakathi amabhuku kwakucishe Bliss ngaye. Bese kuya umthengisi wesifazane, owake waba ukhathele kakhulu, wazala izimpawu indlala ezinzima futhi nakho komuntu, kwasondela yambuza, kwakungeke banayo amavolumu encane esenina. Uthe manje izincwadi zakhe ezingajwayelekile kakhulu, futhi le ndoda basishiya. UConstantine wamangala ukuthi lokuvimbezela, ukuphila okuhlukumezayo futhi angakhuluma ngakho othile kwakufanele Yesenin. Futhi Akumangalisi ukuthi lesitolo okwamanje ku Windings kanye amabhuzu ezinodaka isosha uvele eceleni Constantin imbongi Yesenin -syn ...